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Transcript
Name: ________________________ Period: ____ Date: ___________ Unit 2 Review Sheet: Earth and the Universe 1. What does cosmology study? 2. According to the Big Bang theory, describe the formation of the universe using a detailed timeline of events. 3. What is the evidence for the Big Bang Theory? 4. Why do scientists think the universe is expanding? 5. Distinguish between the Big Bang Theory and the Steady-state Theory. 6. What two forces act on the universe and affect whether the universe will stop expanding? 7. Fill in the following blanks with a <, >, or = sign. If average density ____ critical density the universe is closed If average density ____ critical density the universe is open If average density ____ critical density the universe is flat 8. Describe the three possible outcomes for the universe according to the Big Bang theory. 16. What is the difference between rotation and revolution? 17. Draw a picture of each phase of the moon, label the phase. 9. Describe the Inflationary Model and draw the graph. 18. As the Earth orbits the Sun, what happens to the orientation of the Earth’s axis? 10. Match the following terms with their definitions. ___ Big Bang theory ___ steady-state theory ___ cosmic background radiation ___ inflationary universe A. background noise caused by weak radiation that comes from all directions in space B. model that proposes that the universe began as a fluctuation in a vacuum and expanded very rapidly for a fraction of a second C. theory that the universe began as a point and has been expanding ever since D. theory that the universe is the same as it always has been 11. Identify whether the following statements are true or false. ______ Expansion of the universe is currently speeding up. ______The steady-state theory is currently the leading theory of universal origin. 19. State Newton’s Law of Motion. 20. State and illustrate Kepler’s First Law of Planetary Motion. 21. State and illustrate Kepler’s Second Law of Planetary Motion. 22. Define the Doppler Effect 12. List and describe the stages in the life cycle of stars. 23. What happens to sound with a short vs. a long wavelength? 24. What does it mean to say a wavelength is red shifter? 13. What is the graph that relates stellar characteristics? 25. What does it mean to say a wavelength is blue shifted? 14. Is Antares or Vega cooler than the Sun? 26. How does the Doppler Effect correlate to the Big Bang Theory? 15. What type of star is the Sun? Is the Sun brighter than a super giant?