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Name: ________________________ Period: ____ Date: ___________
Unit 2 Review Sheet: Earth and the Universe
1. What does cosmology study?
2. According to the Big Bang theory, describe the formation of the
universe using a detailed timeline of events.
3. What is the evidence for the Big Bang Theory?
4. Why do scientists think the universe is expanding?
5. Distinguish between the Big Bang Theory and the Steady-state
Theory.
6. What two forces act on the universe and affect whether the
universe will stop expanding?
7. Fill in the following blanks with a <, >, or = sign.
If average density ____ critical density the universe is closed
If average density ____ critical density the universe is open
If average density ____ critical density the universe is flat
8. Describe the three possible outcomes for the universe according to
the Big Bang theory.
16. What is the difference between rotation and revolution?
17. Draw a picture of each phase of the moon, label the phase.
9. Describe the Inflationary Model and draw the graph.
18. As the Earth orbits the Sun, what happens to the orientation of the
Earth’s axis?
10. Match the following terms with their definitions.
___ Big Bang theory
___ steady-state theory
___ cosmic background radiation
___ inflationary universe
A. background noise caused by weak radiation that comes from all
directions in space
B. model that proposes that the universe began as a fluctuation in
a vacuum and expanded very rapidly for a fraction of a second
C. theory that the universe began as a point and has been
expanding ever since
D. theory that the universe is the same as it always has been
11. Identify whether the following statements are true or false.
______ Expansion of the universe is currently speeding up.
______The steady-state theory is currently the leading theory of
universal origin.
19. State Newton’s Law of Motion.
20. State and illustrate Kepler’s First Law of Planetary Motion.
21. State and illustrate Kepler’s Second Law of Planetary Motion.
22. Define the Doppler Effect
12. List and describe the stages in the life cycle of stars.
23. What happens to sound with a short vs. a long wavelength?
24. What does it mean to say a wavelength is red shifter?
13. What is the graph that relates stellar characteristics?
25. What does it mean to say a wavelength is blue shifted?
14. Is Antares or Vega cooler than the Sun?
26. How does the Doppler Effect correlate to the Big Bang Theory?
15. What type of star is the Sun? Is the Sun brighter than a super giant?