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Contents:
Location:
Italy and its regions: Pg3
Italy in perspective to Europe and the world with its whereabouts: Pg4
Facts and figures: Pg5, Pg7
Comparisons between the North and South: Pg 6
Famous for..: Pg8
Physical Geography of Italy:
Mountains: Pg9
Rivers: Pg10
Bordering countries: Pg11
Core and periphery: Pg12
Climate: Pg13&14
Soil and fertility: Pg15
Human Geography of Italy:
Population: Pg16
Cities in the north and south: Pg17
Tourism: Pg18
Farming: Pg19
The north south divide& the industrial triangle: Pg20
Employment: Pg21
Migration: Pg22
Vesuvius:
Where, what: Pg23
Facts about Vesuvius: Pg24
When it last erupted: Pg25
Impact if it erupts: Pg26
The Plan: Pg27
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The consequences: Pg28
End:
Conclusion: Pg29&30
Opinions: Pg31
Bibliography: Pg32
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Map Of Italy showing regions
Map of Europe:
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Map Of world
Overall Italy is located in Europe and is a peninsula, meaning it has three
sides that are exposed to the sea. The peninsula is surrounded by three seas
called: the Tyrrhenian Sea, the Ionian Sea and the Adriatic Sea. It is found
in the South of Europe and it borders with France, Switzerland, Austria and
Slovenia. The geographical whereabouts Of Italy is the latitude of 42˚ 50N
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and the longitude of 12˚ 50E. The capital city Of Rome has the latitude of 41˚
54N and the longitude of 12˚ 29E.
Question- What is the…..Of Italy?
Answer
Capital
Rome
Language
Italian
National anthem
Il canto degli italiani
Population
60,681,514
Population density
Approximately 200 per square kilometre.
Area
301,338 km2
Currency
Euro
Time zone
UTC+1
Demonym
Italian
Question- Who is the…
Answer
President
Giorgio Napolitano
Prime minister
Mario Monti
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This shows the climate and weather in Naples, this is in the south Of Italy. This
shows that the highest temperature s in June to 30 degrees and the lowest
temperature in January at 3 degrees. This is very different to the North of Italy as
it is a lot warmer in the summer and a little cooler sometimes in the winter.
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This shows the temperature range in
Turin, the North of Italy. The orange
being the highest it ever ranges to
and the blue the lowest. This is very
different to the south Of Italy. The
temperature chart here is different to
the one above for the south because
it is in Fahrenheit and not
centigrade.
Rankings in the world:
Size- Italy is overall the 23rd largest country in the world, coming after
the UK in population. This was measured on the 30th Of September
2010. In the south there are a smaller percentage of people living in
Italy than in the north for many reasons.
Economy- Overall in Europe they are ranked 27th and perform
moderately well.
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Education- Overall in Europe they are ranked 20th and perform fairly
well when teaching young students.
Government- Overall in Europe they are ranked 38th and don’t do as
well.
Health- Overall in Europe they are ranked 19th and do very well with
hospitals and care generally about people’s health issues.
Overall when measuring the size for Italy by
area, it is ranked seventieth in the world with an
area Of 301230 km2. The first and largest
country goes to Russia and the smallest goes to
Vatican State which is situated within Italy and
is the home of the pope.
Vatican State flag.
Overall Italy is famous for many different things in industry. These
range from food to places and to many different things.
Fashion: They are famous for their fashion especially
because it is unique. They have a long tradition to hold
fashion shows and they are carried out annually,
especially in Milan, Florence and Rome. They have
many famous fashion designers such as: Gucci,
Valentino, Dolce, Prada and Versace. These amazing
designers show their talents through a very well known
magazine in Italy called vogue Italia.
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Cuisine: The Italians are very famous for their food and drink; this is because it is very unique and
has been taken from Italy all over the world. Some of the food includes Pizza, pasta, risotto, lasagne,
gelato, focaccia and a very famous drink created is wine especially. Some tourists come just for the
native cuisine.
Cars: Cars are one of the most famous industries owned by Italy. They especially specialise in sports
cars such as Ferraris, bugatti veyron and many more Formula one cars and racing cars. They earn a
lot of money through this business.
History and culture: Italy is very famous for history and culture due to the Romans and the many
traditions they left. These included habits beliefs and religions. They have festivals and many more
things due to the history and culture.
Tourism: Italy is very famous for tourism due to the climate, amazing cities, mountainous conditions
in the summer and winter and the general seaside spots. People will generally pay a lot of money to
visit here, sometimes just because Of the food they have and because Of the immense beauty the
country holds.
The Alps:
The Alps is one of the largest
mountain ranges in Europe and
stretches across many countries
which include: France, Austria,
Italy, Slovenia, Switzerland,
Liechtenstein, Germany and
Monaco. The highest peak is in
the Alps and is on the mountain
called Mount Blanc (this means
white mount) and is 4,810.45
metres high.
The Italian Alps are located in the south Of Italy and is very popular.
It has many names for different places such as: in the north east the
Alps are called the Dolomite Alps and in the North West it is called the
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western Alps, the Martine Alps and the Pennine alps. The highest
point located in Italy is 4,478 metres high! The co-ordinates for this
are 4550’01’N 0651’54’E
The Apennines:
The Apennines are in central Italy and
run down the backbone of this country. It
runs through the countries Of Italy and
the small state Of San Marino too. The coordinates for the highest point are
4228’9’N 1333’57’E, this is called the
Corno Grande (this means big horn).
Overall including the mountains on the
north cap Of Sicily the Apennines run a
full length Of 1,500 kilometres or 930
miles and the width is overall 250
kilometres or 155 miles wide. They cover a lot of the peninsula Of
Italy, especially in the middle alongside Rome and further down at the
base and periphery of the country.
There are many differences between these two mountain range, for
instance: The Alps stretch over a large amount of countries but the
Apennines doesn’t them only stay within the boundaries Of Italy, The
Alps have higher mountain although the highest in Italy is located
within the Apennines.
There are many rivers running through and across the plains Of Italy.
The two main ones though are the River Po and the River Tiber.
The River Po:
The river Po is situated
in the northern Italian
plains and starts as a
spring in the high Alps
and runs down across
and through many
cities. It is the longest
river in Italy and is 652
km, not including the
Maira. It waters is the
cause the fertility of the water and crops for the industry. It has a
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delta that the Adriatic Sea on the east side Of Italy. Did you know
that this river has about 141 known tributaries there!!
The River Tiber:
The River Tiber is
found in more central
Italy alongside Rome.
It flows for 406
kilometres or 252
miles and its mouth
flows out to the
Tyrranhenian Sea.
The River Tiber has two sources both coming
from Mount Fumaiolo, but they are just ten
metres away from each other. Did you know
that the Tiber delta has got better and better
since the roman times as it now has a three
kilometre mouth!!
These two rivers are very different as the river Po has many tributes
and stretches a lot further. They both travel in two different directions
and their mouths open the opposing seas. They also flow from two
different mountain ranges, as the Po flows from the Alps and the Tiber
from the Apennines.
This picture shows Italy
itself and all the bordering
countries that it shares
with.
As you can see Italy shares
over four borders with
different countries. These
are France, on the NorthWest of Italy, Switzerland,
which is North of Italy,
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Austria, which is located North-east Of Italy, Slovenia which is located
between North-east and East, which on a compass would be ENE
(East-North-East).
This picture shows the two
countries within Italy. They
are called San Marino and
Vatican City. San Marino is
east Of Florence and Sits to
the West of the Adriatic Sea.
Vatican City is situated
North-West of Rome, to the
East of the Tyrrhenian Sea.
The Vatican City is the home
Of the Pope and is a very
important and holy place to
the Catholics Of the world.
Dictionary definition of core and periphery are:
Core= “The central, innermost, or most essential part of anything.”
Periphery= “The edge or outskirts, as of a city or urban area.”
The Core:
The core,
as you
know, is
the central
part where everything is going on, in the city. In Italy the core areas
would be in the North, particularly in the depths of the industrial
triangle. These cities would be Turin, Genoa, Milan and Venice in
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particular. This is because they have all the big industries, the
tourism and everything is going on up there.
The periphery:
The periphery is on
the edge and
outside the lime
light, you could
say, as it doesn’t usually have a dense
population and is a lot smaller and quieter.
In Italy the cities on the periphery would be
the southern cities that are very isolated and are a lot quieter, these
could be in the regions Of Campania, Calabria and many more.
The climate is very different in Italy, when comparing the extreme
north to the northern plains and then to the southern areas Of Italy.
The extreme North:
This shows the
many different
climates that fall on
Milan and the
extreme northern
Italy. Though, it
doesn’t show the
amount of snow fall
they have which is
very high in the
winter and
sometimes the late
autumn too. It can
also, as you can see
be very humid and
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warm in the summer days.
The Northern Plains:
This shows the many
different climates that fall
on Genoa and the
northern plains Of Italy.
This area Of Italy has
generally mild weather,
warmer than here and is
very low and flat. This
means that there
precipitation amounts
vary a lot.
Southern Italy:
This shows the climate that
lives in Naples all year round
and how it can change,
dramatically in some cases.
Overall southern Italy, as you
can see, is the most humid and
hotter areas Of Italy. They have
a very high humidity rate
which makes it feel like the air
is a lot warmer than it actually
is.
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Overall Italy’s climates are very different
and this means it has a huge impact on the life of those living there. It
means that in the south Of Italy crops and other plants are a lot
harder to grow, they could easily get drought due to the heat that
lingers all year round. Also in the extreme north it is very cold and
snowy for the winter months making it very hard for plantation and
crop growth but in the summer it is very bright, cold though, and is a
lot milder. The best place, but the busiest place, would be to stay in
the northern plains because they have mild and warmer weather, a
good amount of rainfall and it isn’t too humid.
Italy is very different in the fertility Of Italy when you compare north
and south, like we are about to do now.
Northern Italy:
The north Of Italy is very fertile and
plentiful when it comes to farming
and the fertility of the land. This is
because over the flat plains the
River Po flows giving the crops the
natural water and minerals they
need. The ground also benefits this
because it means it is generally full
of minerals and they are then
restocked, as the river feeds the soils. This means the ground is not
very worked badly and keeps all the vitamins inside it. The flats lands
and fields also help the crops and the farmers there work faster and
easier.
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Southern Italy:
The south Of Italy is nearly
completely the opposite of the
north. Its relief is very
mountainous and hilly rather than
being flat, which makes it very
hard work. Also the climate affects
what they can grow and how they
can grow it. Also the good mineral
filled soils have been worked for so long that they have been
overworked and it means that they cannot grow the crops well or they
won’t grow at all. The most fertile areas are the flatter seaside towns
where there is some water feeding the soils richer vitamins and
minerals. Also because Of the lack of water the soils are thin and it
can cause the soil to erode.
This shows the many differences between the North and South and
how they have to cope with it. Because the North is so plentiful and
has a lot more and the south so isolated and not so lucky at all.
There are many differences in the terms sparsely and densely. The
dictionary definitions for these are:
Densely= “Having the component parts closely compacted together;
crowded or compact: a dense forest; dense population.”
Sparsely=”Thinly scattered or distributed: a sparse population.”
North:
In the northern plains it is very
densely populated throughout all the
cities because there are so many
business opportunities and a very
low unemployment rate which
means
that
they
will be able to have a job and earn
money from the word GO!! It is very full
and busy in the cities because Of this.
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On the suburb of cities it is a little quieter but still largely populated.
South:
In the south it is
sparsely populated
as well as densely
populated in some
areas. In Naples it
is the large and
thriving city of the
south which means
it is very densely
populated because all other southern towns and
cities are sparsely populated because there aren’t
enough business opportunities so they would move
to Naples to get a business opportunity. Many other areas are very
sparsely populated as they may stay at home added work on the farm
or at the family business.
There are many well known cities found in the north and the south,
they all have their reasons on why they are too!!
North:
The majority of famous cities are found in the northern plains Of Italy,
These are: Milan, Turin, Genoa, Florence, Venice, Rome and Verona.
Milan- This city is known for its famously annual fashion show that is
held every year. It is also famous for many things such as tourism and
the history and culture of how it came to be like it is now.
Many of the cities are known for their cuisine, there business, there
amazing and fascinating culture or history. Some are even known for
their performing arts and theatres!!
Rome is very special because Of their history with the Romans and
how Rome a=came to conquer the world. All the roman beliefs Gods
and other ways of life are still used or worshipped now by
Italians.
South:
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The main city found in southern Italy is the
famous Naples that is known for its delicate
dishes, there beautiful music and culture. They are also known
for their sports and artistic skills.
Tourism is very important in Italy because that may be your only
money maker and that is what itis most known for.
In the extreme north people will go skiing
or snowboarding in the snowing seasons
where they have the opportunity to take
off from the top peaks Off the Alps.
Mountains.
People and tourists will go to the
northern plains to see the natural
culture Of Italy and the history to
how it all began. They may go for the
delight of the delicious food found
and made there or for the beauty of
the artwork and architecture.
Sometimes people go for the warm
weather, to find out more about life in
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Italy and the sporting events and chances there.
People
south
most likely visit the
Of Italy to go to the hot
seaside, to lie on the
sand
and play in the sea. They
could
go and visit the local
towns
to learn about life there
and
they may travel to Naples
to find
out about the famous
Vesuvius, the culture, the history, the architecture and even the
unique Italian food.
The farming in both the north and the south is very different to each
other for many reasons.
North:
The north use very
commercialised farming and
because Of the mild weather they
farm many different food and
foods to be made into drinks. They
would farm cereals, crops, rice,
vegetables and much more. They
use many fields and expensive equipment to run these large farming
businesses.
South:
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The south farm very differently to the north, they have less resources
and equipment. The majority of the time they use subsistence
farming, this means that they farm only enough for themselves and
no-one else. Because Of the hot climates in the south Of Italy restrain
the farmers from growing many plants; they may grow olives, oranges
and other foods and fruit and vegetables that will survive the hot
temperatures. In the south they don’t specialize in commercial
farming they will either farm for just themselves or they will sell their
other food as part of a fairly small business.
There are many differences and reasons for why the north does better
than the south. One is because the northern plains are on the river Po
which feed all the crops and plants with nutrients so they can grow
well and strong. The south don’t have these benefits the soils for
south are very dry and have been so over worked that they can’t give
the crops and harvest enough nutrients. They also are both situated
on two different reliefs as the north is on flat plain whilst the south is
on hilly and mountainous bumps. Also the north has a lot more
money so that means that they can reap and sow all there seeds and
harvest much more quickly and efficiently that way.
The north south divide in general is an economic or political division
that happens between a developing country. The North being the
wealthier and politically developed side of the country and the south
being the more unwealthy and more undeveloped side of the country.
In Italy’s case it is also to do with the communication between the two
halves as well as the climate, wealth and general education.
The north, when relating to Italy, is full of life in Turin, Genoa and the
rest of the main cities in the north and they also have so much
business and opportunities for jobs and for starting a new life. Where
as in the south there aren’t many opportunities for jobs and the main
industry are tourism and holiday makers, but that only brings money
in, in the summer time. They don’t really have enough general
resources either such as water, electricity and so on. This supply
doesn’t reach them because Of the Apennine range which doesn’t
enable them to travel back and forth very well.
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The industrial triangle is the area between the three major cities in the
north. They are Milan, Genoa and Turin. It is the area where
everything goes on in Italy and is the most busy and bustling. Things
travel back and forth between these three countries and they have
things imported into and out of Italy. They can export things via sea
too and also from in and out of Italy itself. This makes this triangle
really important as it seems to be the centre of Italy. Natural gases are
imported from the centre of Italy and power supplies and other
essential items are going to be imported and exported from the
bordering countries such as France, Austria and many others. The
river Po runs through the triangle as well making it even better for
farming other commercialised food.
There are many differences between the amount of employment and
unemployment between the north and south.
North:
The north has a very high unemployment rate since it became more of
an industrial country; this means that people find it easier to work in
the north, meaning it is more densely populated. There is some
unemployment in some areas because there are so many people living
and moving there.
South:
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The south is very different to this place north as there is a lot more
unemployment because there is so little money inside the town. The
problem with unemployment is that people don’t earn money so they
don’t have anything to live on; this means that the people in the south
will commit crimes, such as stealing so they can either sell it, or use it
for their own living. This is a result of unemployment. The
employment there is may only be seasonal so they may have just a job
for the summer when there are many tourists who will hire out villas.
Otherwise all the jobs are hard to get and not many succeed.
Overall the differences between the employment rates from north and
south are very basic. The north has very little unemployment and the
south has a very high unemployment which means many people don’t
have the opportunities to gain money or go to university, as they don’t
have any money. This results in crime, people will raid shops for
maybe food, to sell or in general to have more possessions.
Migration is a very big issue within
Italy because it affects both north
and south not just one small area to
another.
The graph shows the general
migration into many different
countries. Italy has quite a low rate of
this immigration compared to Yemen
who have about the same number of
people living in Iran migrating into it
every year.
Overall migration between the north and south varies a lot, as
migrating from south to north is very common. This is because there
are not many job opportunities or money making opportunities sown
in the south. They migrate up to the north for a chance of better
education, better jobs and to earn many better wages.
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People in the north generally don’t migrate down to the south because
of their amazing job opportunities where they are. However
occasionally people will move down to south to try and create or start
businesses which will try and give people money and stuff to do.
Lately people, who moved to the north, have begun to move back to
the north once they have got the education and money. They may go
back to start a business with the family, to help the family business or
to give the family money and general aid and to work again in the
south.
Sapevate che l'Italia è un paese di immigrazione negli anni '70 ?
Did you know that Italy became a country of immigration
during the 1970’s?
Vesuvius is a large volcano in the south
of Italy.
It is located on the edge of the city
called Naples.
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The main city found in southern Italy is the famous Naples that is
known for its delicate dishes, there beautiful music and culture.
They are also known for their sports and artistic skills.
The volcano has erupted many times, the most
recent two being the 4th of April 1906 and the
18th March 1944. In 1906 the volcano eruption
caused much damage but only lasted a small
amount of days and began to cease slowly. The
eruption in 1944 was much more vicious and
lasted for a period of two weeks. Slowly the lava
stopped pouring down the mountain, but
reduced itself into fountains of lava raining
down. The amount of fountain increased and
slowly the fountains came from one to eight. The
eighth fountain grew very strong and intense,
leapt to a height of 1000m high!!
It is about
17,000 years
old.
It is a
volcano
inside
another
volcano.
It erupted six
times in the
18th century
Vesuvius is a
stratovolcano.
This is called
this because of
its conical,
formed by ash.
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3million people
live very close
to the volcano
so it is very
dangerous.
In the 20th
century it
erupted three
times. 1906,
Vesuvius’ last eruption was very violent and intense. It was on the
18th of March 1944, 68 years ago.
In 1944 the eruption lasted two weeks and was very deadly, especially
as the city Naples sits at the foot of it.
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