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Geology 110: Earth and Space Science
Chapter 4 (Plate Tectonics)
Homework
SELF-REFLECTION AND COMPREHENSION SURVEYS
Checkpoint 4.1, p. 84
#1: Examine the following figure. Which map best represents the current distribution of
continents and oceans on Earth? What are the principal problems with the maps that are
incorrect? Label the continents and the three major oceans.
Checkpoint 4.2, p. 84
#2: Which of these lines of evidence were used to support Wegener’s continental drift
hypothesis (select all that apply)?
a) The distribution of fossils
b) Fit of continents
c) Match of mountain belts
d) Earthquake locations
e) Paleoclimate data
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Checkpoint 4.3, p. 85 (NOT REQUIRED…NOT EXTRA CREDIT..all classes)
#3: Examine the image of the broken (china) plate (see page 85) and answer the questions
that follow. If you were asked to glue the pieces of the plate back together, which pieces
would you match up with each other?
a) What features did you use to match the different pieces?
b) What equivalent features did Alfred Wegener use to reassemble the continents to form
the supercontinent Pangea?
Checkpoint 4.4, p. 86 (EXTRA CREDIT…all classes)
#4: Write a paragraph that argues for or against the following statement:
Development of the hypothesis of continental drift was consistent with the
characteristics of good science.
Checkpoint 4.5, p. 88
#5: After examining the diagram that follows, determine which pair of locations has
oceanic trenches.
a) A, C
b) D, F
c) B, E
d) G, H
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Checkpoint 4.6, p. 88
#6: Regarding the relationship between age and the character of the ocean floor, which
statement(s) is (are) TRUE?
a) Deeper regions of the ocean floor tend to be younger.
b) The Pacific is larger than the Atlantic because it contains older oceanic floor.
c) The oldest oceanic crust is present only near trenches.
d) The youngest oceanic crust is near the ridges.
Checkpoint 4.7, p. 90 (NOT REQUIRED, NOT EXTRA CREDIT…all classes)
#7: Compare and contrast patterns/variations of: (1) topography of the ocean floor, (2)
age of the ocean floor, (3) heat flow, (4) volcanic activity, and, (5) earthquake activity for
oceanic ridges and oceanic trenches, using Figures 4.5, 4.6, 4.7 and 4.8. Write down
several observations:
Checkpoint 4.8, p. 90
#8: Explain how the following patterns can be interpreted to contradict the contracting
Earth model: (1) topography of the ocean floor, (2) age of the ocean floor, (3) heat flow,
(4) volcanic activity, and (5) earthquake activity in the ocean floor.
Checkpoint 4.9, p. 92
#9: Which United States’ location has the greatest magnetic inclination value (that is,
closest to vertical)?
a) Anchorage, Alaska b) New York, New York
c) Miami, Florida
Checkpoint 4.10, p. 92 (NOT REQUIRED/NOT EXTRA CREDIT…all classes)
#10: The magnetic North Pole has migrated northward over the last century, so how did
magnetic inclination readings at Chicago change between 1900 and 2000?
a) Inclination increased b) Inclination decreased c) Inclination remained constant
Checkpoint 4.11, p. 92
#11: Inclination is determined for three lava flows preserved in a cliff as shown in the
following image. What happened to the continent on which these rocks were formed?
(Assume normal polarity throughout. Upper layers are youngest, lower layers are oldest.)
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The rocks in the cliff moved toward the _______ in the ________ Hemisphere.
a) Equator; Southern
c) Pole; Southern
b) Equator; Northern
d) Pole; Northern
Checkpoint 4.12, p. 94 (Extra Credit…all classes)
#12: Which magnetic property was more important in providing support for the seafloor
spreading hypothesis? Explain the reasoning behind your choice of answer.
a) Magnetic inclination: the inclination of Earth’s magnetic field varies with location.
b) Magnetic polarity: the North and South magnetic poles have switched positions
throughout Earth’s history.
Checkpoint 4.13, p. 98 (FOR NOTEBOOK ONLY…message for online classes)
#13: Draw the approximate location of the plate boundaries on the following map. Use
different line symbols for the oceanic ridges and oceanic trenches. Name and label as
many of the plates as you can.
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Checkpoint 4.14, p. 99 (FOR NOTEBOOK ONLY…message for online classes)
#14: Identify and label the following map with as many of the features on the associated
list as you can.
l
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a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
A subduction zone
A plate that is 99 percent oceanic lithosphere
A plate that is 90+ percent continental lithosphere
A pair of plates moving toward each other
A plate nearly surrounded by oceanic ridges
A plate moving approximately north
A plate moving approximately east
A fast-moving plate
A slow-moving plate
A passive continental margin
The site of the oldest oceanic crust
The location of rocks with normal polarity
A pair of plates moving away from each other
A hot spot
A location with very young rocks (0 to 5 Myr)
Checkpoint 4.15, p. 100 (EXTRA CREDIT…all classes/notebook for online classes)
#15: Imagine that you were able to take a knife and slice through North America from the
Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. Draw a view of what you would see, and label the
lithosphere, asthenosphere, crust, and mantle.
Checkpoint 4.16, p. 101 (NOT REQUIRED...NOT EXTRA CREDIT…all classes)
#16: Predict what the map of the world will look like: (a) 5 millions years in the future,
and (b) 50 million years in the future. Identify how the distribution of continents and
oceans will change. Which plates will exhibit the greatest changes in comparison to
today?
Checkpoint 4.17, p. 106
#17: On the following map, the patterned areas labeled X, Y, and Z represent continents;
assume the rest of the map is ocean.
How many plates are present? ________
a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6
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Checkpoint 4.18, p. 106 (FOR NOTEBOOK ONLY…message for online classes)
#18: Examine the map in Checkpoint 4.17. Draw arrows on the map showing the relative
directions of plate motions. We could add a series of volcanoes associated with one of the
plate boundaries. Which boundary would it be and why? Sketch ONE cross section
(YOUR CHOICE) through the lithosphere along EITHER lines A-B OR C-D illustrating
the characteristics of plate boundaries.
Checkpoint 4.19, p. 106 (EXTRA CREDIT…all classes/notebook for online classes)
#19: Venn Diagram: Divergent versus Convergent Plate Boundaries
Use the following Venn diagram to compare and contrast divergent and convergent plate
boundaries. Three characteristics of plate boundaries are provided. Identify at least 10
more. Then write the numbers of the features unique to either group in the larger areas of
the left and right circles; note features that they share in the overlap area in the center of
the image.
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Divergent Plate
Boundaries
Convergent Plate
Boundaries
1. Rocks on either side of boundary are typically of different ages.
2. Example: Nazca and South American plate boundary.
3. Associated with oceanic trenches.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
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Checkpoint 4.20, p. 108 (EXTRA CREDIT ONLY…all classes/notebook online
classes)
#20: Continuous Change of Earth’s Surface Synthesis Exercise
The central image in the following figure shows a hypothetical plate configuration.
Assume that research has revealed that the three pieces of continental crust are moving at
different speeds and/or directions. A is traveling at 5 cm/year; B is also moving at 5
cm/year; and, C is traveling west at 2 cm/year. The directions of A and B should be
apparent from the plate configuration. Answer the questions below.
1. How many plates are present in the central figure? 3
2. Sketch and label a cross section through the lithosphere along the line X-Y in the
central figure.
3. Fill in the upper and lower templates to show what the plate configuration looked
like 4 million years earlier and what the plates will look like 15 million years in
the future. Draw the configurations relative to the oceanic ridge (that is, assume it
stays in the same place and everything else moves).
Plate Tectonics Concept Map, p. 109 (FOR NOTEBOOK ONLY…message for
online classes)
#21: Draw a concept map that illustrates the significant characteristics of the theory of
plate tectonics. The majority of features related to plate tectonics are linked to the
geosphere component of the Earth system. Use the scoring rubric below to draw a
concept map that can be scored as a 4.
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Scoring Rubric
0
The concept map does not contain any information about plate tectonics.
1
The concept map contains some terms that are significant to plate tectonics, but several
key terms are omitted and many linking phrases are either absent or inaccurate.
2
The concept map contains most terms that are significant to plate tectonics, but they are
poorly organized and some linking phrases are absent or incorrect.
3
The concept map contains most terms that are significant to plate tectonics, but one or
two key term(s) may be absent. The diagram is reasonably well organized, and almost all
linking phrases are appropriate.
4
The concept map contains all terms that are significant to plate tectonics in a wellorganized display that has appropriate linking phrases for each pair of terms.
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