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Retaking Europe The liberation of Europe from Axis control and the defeat of Hitler’s Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy The Atlantic Charter • – – Battle of the Atlantic Winning control of Atlantic shipping lanes to allow movement of military from the United States to Europe. • • • North African Campaign 1941:___________________________________________ ______________________________________________ The “Desert Fox” Advances - Battle of EL ALAMEIN • ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ • ____________________________________________ OPERATION TORCH Allied operation to capture _____________________________________ Corps. American forces under General _______________________________land to the west; Montgomery’s British forces push Germans from the east. German Afrika Corps ___________________________. Casablanca Conference • ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Stalin and FDR & Churchill • The Big Three. - Uncle Joe • • Stalin and Western Allies • • Invasion of Italy “The Soft Underbelly of the Axis” FDR & Churchill ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ – Italy. Invasion of Italy July 1943: • – is “captured” by the Germans and evacuated to northern Italy • • (35 miles South of Rome) Italian Campaign • • • – Invasion of Italy • • • • - January, 1944 April 28 1945, ________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________, “Shoot me in the chest.” War in the Soviet Union OPERATION BARBAROSSA June 22, 1941: _______________________________________________________________________ HITLER’S GREATEST MISTAKE DURING THE WAR. (__________________________) Stalin orders a _______________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Stalin asks for help from the Allies – ____________________________ ___________________________ Soviets RUSSIAN WINTER Advance of the German army ___________________________________ ____________________________________________________________. Battle of Stalingrad • • • • January 1943: Allied Air War • – – • Strategic Carpet Bombing: – – Dresden after bombing raid -- D-DAY The Great Crusade to liberate Western Europe from Adolf Hitler’s stranglehold Invasion of Western Europe • “_____________________________” • – January 1944 Allies ________________________________________________ Hitler’s Atlantic Wall – – General Erwin Rommel • • Where? Allies wanted Hitler __________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Allied Deception • General Patton - GARBO • • • • • OPERATION OVERLORD Airborne divisions drop behind German defenses and cut off German reinforcements from interior. Allied bombers ______________________________________________________. • . • • • • • • Bad Weather • • • • • Invasion set for ________________ D-Day Invasion • Liberating France • August, 1944: • August 25, 1944: – The Battle of the Bulge • • – • • • – – German loses = Soviet Forces Advance • • – – – Soviets Take Berlin • • • V-E Day Victory in Europe Day May 7, 1945 Yalta Conference • Feb. 1945: Churchill, FDR, & Stalin meet in Yalta (Soviet Union) – Planned the final defeat of Germany – Decide the shape of the postwar world – Agreed to split Germany in 4 parts (each would be controlled by one of the major Allies) – Agreed upon the division of Berlin – Stalin promised to allow elections in Eastern European countries liberated from the Germans – Stalin also promised to enter the war against Japan within 3 months of Germany’s surrender