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North Carolina Pre-EOC Test
Biology 2007-2008
1. Which building blocks store and transmit genetic information?
A. carbohydrates
B. lipids
C. nucleic acids
D. proteins
Answer the following questions based on the table below.
Building Blocks
Necessary Elements
Functions
Proteins
A
Carbohydrates
simple sugars
carbon, hydrogen
and oxygen
Serve as
components of cell
structures and as
catalysts
carbon, hydrogen
and oxygen
B
Lipids
glycerol and fatty
acids
carbon, hydrogen
and oxygen
Serve as sources of
stored energy and as
components of cell
structures
2. What are the building blocks represented by letter A?
A. nucleotides
B. polysaccharides
C. adenine and thymine
D. glycerol and fatty acids
3. Which functions are represented by letter B?
A. serves as enzymes and as components of cell structures.
B. contains the genetic code and carries on polysaccharide synthesis.
C. transfer information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and serve as structural
units
D. serves as sources of energy and as components of cell structures.
4. Which statement best describes the function of a lipid in a cell?
A. storing and transmitting heredity
B. forming part of biological membrane
C. forming amino acid chains
D. storing phosphorus
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Use the picture below to answer question 5.
5. What kind of macromolecule is indicated by number 2?
A. amino acids
B. fatty acids
C. glycerol
D. monosaccharides
6. Which of the following is found in ribonucleic acid, but not in deoxyribonucleic acid?
A. guanine
B. phosphate group
C. uracil
D. thymine
7. Which cell organelle is most directly involved with the bonding of amino acids?
A. mitochondria
B. endoplasmic reticulum
C. cell wall
D. ribosome
8. To collect data about the rate of photosynthesis in a certain type of algae when it
is exposed to different colors of light, a student could measure the change in the:
A. temperature of the water surrounding the algae
B. number of ribosomes in the algae cells
C. color of algae cells
D. number of gas bubbles given off by the algae.
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Use the picture below to answer questions 9 and 10.
9. Which organelle would most likely be colored by a stain that is designed to mark
nucleic acids?
A. Cell Membrane
B. Nucleus
C. Vacuole
D. Ribosome
10. What is the function of organelle 3?
A. cellular respiration
B. photosynthesis
C. protein synthesis
D. replication
11. During DNA replication, which of the following segments would be complementary
to the original DNA segment of CCTAAT?
A. CGATTA
B. GGUTTU
C. GGATTA
D. GGAUUA
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12. The chart below matches messenger RNA codons with amino acids.
glycine
GGU, GCG,
GGA, GGG
leucine
UUA, UUG,
CUU, CUC,
CUA, CUG
alanine
serine
GUC, GCC,
GCA, GCG,
UCU, UCC,
UCA, UCG,
ACG, AGU
A DNA strand has the codon TCA. According to the chart, the corresponding
messenger RNA codes for which of the following amino acids?
A. glycine
B. leucine
C. alanine
D. serine
13. The messenger RNA will carry the DNA’s instructions out of the nucleus to which of
the following?
A. vacuole
B. mitochondria
C. chloroplast
D. ribosome
14. To determine the molecular sequence of a gene for a protein, which molecule should
be analyzed?
A. tRNA
B. ATP
C. DNA
D. rRNA
15. Transcription of the DNA sequence below:
AAGCTGGGA
would most directly result in which of the following?
A. the sequence of three amino acids linked by peptide bonds
B. a DNA strand with the base sequence of TTCGACCCT
C. a mRNA strand with the sequence TTCGACCCT
D. a mRNA strand with the sequence UUCGACCCU
16. What is the purpose of transfer RNA?
A. It unzips the double helix so transcription can begin.
B. It retrieves amino acids from the cytoplasm for protein construction.
C. It carries genetic information to the ribosomes.
D. It produces a complementary copy of a strand of DNA.
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Use the diagram of protein synthesis to answer questions 17 and 18.
17. What process is shown?
A. transformation
B. translation
C. transcription
D. replication
18. What type of molecule is number 4?
A. tRNA
B. mRNA
C. rRNA
D. amino acid
19. When cells are exposed to high temperatures, they increase their production of heat
shock proteins (HSPs) to repair themselves. What is this increase in HSP
production an example of?
A. DNA replication
B. gene regulation
C. gene splicing
D. point mutation
20, Which of the following DNA technologies offers the best chance of survival for
endangered species?
A. sequencing
B. cloning
C. electrophoresis
E. antibody production
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21. Acacia trees provide food for a species of ant that lives on them. The ants defend the
acacia tree from grasshoppers and beetles. This relationship between the ant and the
acacia tree is best described as:
A. commensalism
B. parasitism
C. mutualism
D. predation
22.
A Hurricane hits the coast of Florida destroying the majority of the orange trees.
This is an example of a:
A. density dependent limiting factor
B. density independent limiting factor
C. species reaching carrying capacity
D. none of the above
23. The chart below lists four groups of factors relating to an ecosystem.
Group A
Sunlight
Green
Plants
Rainfall
Consumers
Oxygen
Group B
Sunlight
Climate
Rainfall
Minerals
Gases
Group C
Sunlight
Green Plants
Rainfall
Producers
Carbon
Dioxide
Group D
Sunlight
Rainfall
Consumers
Producers
Water
Which group contains only abiotic factors?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
24. In a particular ecosystem, a wolf population is the limiting factor for the moose
population that it preys on. If the wolf population decreased, what would likely
happen to the carrying capacity of the environment for the moose?
A.
B.
C.
D.
It would increase
It would decrease slightly
It would stay the same
It would decrease significantly
25. Which of the following factors is abiotic?
A. Plants
B. Sunlight
C. Microorganisms
D. Predators
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26. Which statement best describes the growth pattern of a population of organisms in
nature?
A. It is limited by environmental factors.
B. It continues to grow indefinitely.
C. It is genetically determined.
D. It never changes.
Use the picture below to answer question number 27.
27. If food supply is the only limiting factor, which graph best represents a possible
relationship between the population of snowshoe hares and their food supply
over a 10-year period?
28. The graph below shows the changes in two populations of herbivores in a grassy
field.
Population A
Size of
Population
Population B
Time
What would be the best explanation of these changes?
A. All of the plant populations in this habitat decreased.
B. Population B competed more successfully for food than population A.
C. Population A produced more offspring than population B.
D. Population A consumed the members of population
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29. Consider the following diagram:
What is the interaction shown
A. Predation
B. Parasitism
C. Commensalism
D. Mutualism
30. Which of the following two organisms are heterotrophs?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A and B
B and C
C and E
D and E
31. The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is correctly described by which structure / function
pairing?
A multi-folded inner membrane / energy production
B phospholipid bilayer membrane / protein synthesis
C single porous membrane / sugar storage
D double membrane / DNA replication
32. Which group of four components are found in prokaryotic cells?
A ribosomes, nucleus, cilia, cell wall
B ribosomes, DNA strand, flagella, cell wall
C chloroplast, DNA strand, cilia, vacuole
D chloroplasts, nucleus, flagella, vacuole
33. An organism is eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic, and has a cell wall. To which
kingdom does it belong?
A Animal
B Fungi
C Plant
D Protist
34. The organism Ursus maritimus is a member of which genus?
A Ursus
B maritimus
C Animalia
D Mammalia
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35. In order to maintain good health, a person’s normal glucose level must remain within
a given range. Which two systems control the blood glucose level?
A endocrine and skeletal
B endocrine and digestive
C circulatory and lymphatic
D digestive and lymphatic
36. Which would most likely be caused by environmental conditions?
A lung cancer
B hemophilia
C cystic fibrosis
D sickle cell anemia
37. Which describes an internal factor that influences the growth and development of an
organism?
A In certain bacteria, brick-red colonies form at 25°C and cream-colored colonies
form at 30°C.
B In some species of sheep, testosterone causes rams to have much heavier and more
coiled horns than ewes.
C In one pair of identical twins, significant differences in body weight are observed.
D In certain areas, evergreens show reduced size due to air pollution.
38. Bacteria living in nodules on the roots of legumes have the ability to fix atmospheric
nitrogen into a water-soluble form that plants can use. The bacteria absorb sugar
from the plants’ roots. Which describes the relationship between the bacteria and the
legume plants?
A commensalism
B mutualism
C parasitism
D predation
39. Which is an advantage of social grouping?
A increased competition for limited resources
B increased chance of detection by predators
C increased protection from predators
D increased risk of minor infections
40. Estivation is a period of inactivity for animals experiencing conditions of extreme
heat. Estivation serves the same function as which activity practiced by animals in
cold environmental conditions?
A camouflage
B hibernation
C migration
D mimicry
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41. Proteins to metabolize the sugars lactose or glucose, depending on which one it
detects in the outside environment. What part of the bacterium allows it to recognize
different substances in the outside environment?
A Endoplasmic reticulum
B Cell membrane _
C Nucleus
D Lysosomes
42. Which characteristic of prokaryotic organisms makes them different from
eukaryotes?
A Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles. _
B Prokaryotes do not have chromosomes.
C Prokaryotes are made of cells.
D Prokaryotes have DNA.
43. In order to maintain homeostasis, it is most important for an animal to be
able to —
A. respond to its environment _
B. hide from its predators
C. change its habitat
D. increase its prey population
44.
The picture above shows a segment of DNA from a cat. Which of these is most likely the
kitten of this cat?
A1
B2
C3
D4_
45. The processes of meiosis and fertilization help ensure the survival of the species by
providing each generation with the same number of —
A body cells
B chromosomes _ C offspring D gametes
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46. Enzymes only work with specific substrates because each substrate —
A has a specific activation site for enzyme attachment _
B. can only use a specific ionic bond with the enzyme
C. destroys its specific enzyme
D actively interferes with other substrates around it
47. Based on the method by which they get food, organisms are classified as autotrophs
or heterotrophs. Which organism listed below is correctly paired with its metabolism?
A .Mushroom-autotroph
B Human-heterotroph _
C. Grass-heterotroph
D. Fish-autotroph
48. In plants, gymnosperms have cones and angiosperms have flowers. Both of these
plant structures are specialized for —
A sexual reproduction _
B food production
C water absorption
D photosynthesis
49.
The diagram shows a simplified nitrogen cycle. Which process is responsible for
returning nitrogen to the air?
A Excretion
B. Decomposition _
C. hotosynthesis
D. Nitrification
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50.
In the lab setup pictured above, a student is trying to determine the effect of pollutants on
the growth of three groups of seeds. The results will not be valid because the experiment
has no —
A conclusion
B hypothesis
C control _
D variable
51. The process of DNA replication is necessary before a cell —
A makes a protein
C. divides into two cells _
B. codes for RNA molecules
D. modifies lysosome enzymes
52. According to the biological definition of a species, which organisms listed below
would belong to the same species?
a. Plants that have flowers with the same structures that attract the same
pollinators
b. Protists that are the same shape and have the same structures for
movement
c. Animals that can breed and produce fertile offspring _
d. Mushrooms that are the same color and can grow on trees
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53. Look at the diagram below for question 53
Which statement is supported by the diagram?
A The mitochondrion uses the sun’s energy directly.
B The end products of photosynthesis do not provide energy for cellular respiration.
C The main source of energy for photosynthesis is carbohydrates.
D Carbohydrates are converted into ATP by the mitochondrion.
54. A genetic pedigree showing that only males are affected by a certain disorder is
evidence of what type
a. Sex-linked _
b. Recessive
c. Passive
d. Dominant
55. Which of these could be successfully treated with antibiotics?
a. A Common cold
b. Influenza
c. HIV
d. Strep throat
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56. Proteins are formed from monomers (subunits) called —
a. amino acids _
b. fatty acid
c. nucleic acids
d. nucleotides
57. Early classification systems consisted of two kingdoms; Plantae and Animalia.
What scientific development allowed taxonomists to establish the Monera and
Protista kingdoms?
a. Discovery of DNA
b. Creation of electrophoresis
c. Invention of the electron microscope _
d. Development of Koch’s postulates
58. Which variable appears to control leaf production in these plants listed in the
chart below?
A. The amount of water
B. The temperature _
C. The number of daylight hours
D. The relative humidity
59. Which of the following exhibits a learned behavior?
A. Baby birds beg for food when a parent nears.
B . A person blinks when an object nears his/her eyes.
C. Salmon return to their birth place for mating.
D A chimpanzee catches termites by poking a stick in a log.
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60. According to the dichotomous key below, to which order does this insect belong
A. Diptera
B. Ephemeroptera C. Hymenoptera
D. Isoptera
61. In the Linnean system of nomenclature, crickets and grasshoppers belong to the
same order and therefore belong to the same
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a. family
b. class
c. genus
d. species
62. The genetic code in DNA is represented by unique codons that represent a
specific amino acid. Which of the following represents a codon?
a. G b. TA
c. GCGC
d. CAT
63. The cell shown below is undergoing mitosis. The daughter chromosomes are
moving toward opposite poles of the cell. Which phase of mitosis is shown
above?
a. Anaphase b. metaphase
c. prophase
d. telophase
64. In rabbits, albinism (b) is recessive to normal brown coloration (B). When an
albino female was crossed with a brown male, they produced 4 brown offspring
and 1 albino. What was the genotype of the male parent.
a.
bb only
b. Bb only
c. BB only
d. BB or Bb
65. Which of the following is the most important advantage of instincts?
a. They reduce predator contacts.
b. They improve food selection choices.
c. They improve survival rates.
d. They allow for smaller brains.
66. The reduction of the chromosome number during meiosis is most important for
a. preventing the nucleus from becoming larger with each cell division
b. maintaining the chromosome number during sexual reproduction _
c. keeping the amount of DNA in the cell at a minimum level
d. allowing the growth of the cell without increasing the DNA content
67. By what process is CO2 removed from the atmosphere?
a. Combustion
b. decomposition
c. respiration
d. photosynthesis
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68. What is the correct sequence for plant cell mitosis in the diagram below?
a. A, B, D, C
b. C, B, A, D _
c. B, A, D, C
d. D, C, B, A
69. According to the graph below, addition of the enzyme amylase causes the
reaction to
a. slow down
b. speed up _
c. give off heat
d. take in heat
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70. A chart of human chromosome pairs is called a karyotype. What information is
revealed in the karyotype below?
a. The sex _b. The age c. Trisomy d. Gene dominance
71. In pea plants, tall plants are dominant to short plants. If two heterozygous
tall plants are crossed as shown above, what percent of the offspring will
probably be short?
a. 75%
b. 50%
c. 25% _
d. 0%
72.
Which of these will complete the mRNA strand matched to DNA?
A CAG
B AUG
C GUC _
D UAC
73. The jimsonweed Datura stramonium, normally has 12 chromosomes in the
body cells. How many chromosomes will an egg cell of the weed have?
a. 6 chromosomes _
c. 12 chromosomes
b. 18 chromosomes
d. 24 chromosomes
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74.
This graph shows that —
A. more enzymes are present at a higher pH
B. pepsin is less sensitive to pH than trypsin
C . pepsin is less effective at low pH than trypsin
D. pH affects the activity rate of enzymes
75. The process of photosynthesis ultimately converts light energy into —
a. mechanical energy
b. electrical energy
c. chemical energy _
d. nuclear energy
76. DNA that is derived from the DNA of two or more different species is called
a. recombinant DNA _
b. mitochondrial DNA
c. chloroplast DNA
d. plasmid.
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77.
Which animal develops in a cycle most similar to the one shown above?
a. A bird
b. A moth _
c. A hydra
d. A grasshopper
78. The 14 different species of finches in the Galapagos Islands originated from
a single ancestral species. What is it about these islands that is responsible
for the diversity of finch species?
a. The islands are made of volcanic peaks.
b. Each island has different food sources. _
c. Each island has a different climate.
d. The islands are clustered near each other.
79. The processes of photosynthesis and respiration in the table below can be
thought of as a cycle because —
a. one is used only by plants and the other is used only by animals
b. both give off oxygen to be used by animals
c. the products of one are used as the raw materials of the other _
d. they both have the same purpose
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80. Which of these statements is supported by the data shown in the table
below?
a. Most kingdoms are made up of prokaryotic cells.
b. All cells have nuclei for control of cell functions.
c. Eukaryotic cells vary in covering and in food production. _
d. Each of the kingdoms has different organelles for metabolism.
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