Download The Human Body

Chapter 3 Human Body Systems Test
INSTRUCTIONS: Match the term on the attached sheet with the
definition below.
The Human Body
The human body is well equipped to carry out the necessary processes of
life. The body has similar (1), which work together and make up a tissue.
Different tissues are organized into (2). A complex activity, such as the
breakdown of food for use by the cells requires an (3). This specific
function is performed by the (4). Other organ systems are involved in the
transport of materials into, through, and out of the body. The systems are
the respiratory system, circulatory system, and the (5) system (clue:
waste). Two organs systems that control body’s activities are the nervous
system and the (6) system. Two other organ systems that protect the body
are the immune system and the (7) system. To do all the wonderful things
that humans do, it is necessary that all the body’s organ systems work
together.
The Digestive System
The function of the digestive system is to break down food so that cells
can use it. Food supplies (8) to the cells. Digestion begins in the mouth
where incisors bite the food, and canines cut and tear it. Molars crush the
food into a small ball called the (9). Saliva, a liquid from the salivary glands
in the mouth, softens the bolus and starts breaking it down (10). Swallowed
food moves down the (11) to the stomach. In the stomach, the liver adds
(12) and the pancreas adds other digestive juices that break down food into
a soupy liquid. Then the food moves to the (13) where it can be absorbed
into the body through the (14). The leftover food that could not be digested
moves to the (15), which has the (16) as its widest part. The last part of
the large intestine is the rectum.
The Respiratory System
Your cells need oxygen to break down food for energy. Oxygen enters
the body through your respiratory system. When you inhale, air passes
through your nose and mouth and enters your (17), or windpipe. The
trachea lets air into your right or left lung. The lungs expand as air flows
into smaller branched tubes called (18). At the end of the bronchi are tiny
sacs called (19). Here oxygen flows through the alveoli’s walls into the
Chapter 3 Human Body Systems Test
blood cells in a process called (20). The blood carries a waste product called
(21) from the blood to the tubes of the lungs. Carbon dioxide is pushed out
of the body when the lungs (22). The muscle that controls the movement of
gases through the lungs is called (23). Oxygen in the blood can flow into a
cell’s mitochondria where it reacts with a type of sugar called glucose. This
reaction releases energy to the cell.
The Circulatory System
The circulatory system carries needed supplies like food and oxygen to
the various organs and tissues, and it takes away waste. The circulatory
system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart itself is
divided into four chambers the upper left and right (24) and lower left and
right (25). There are three types of blood vessels: (26) that carry blood to
the heart from the body, (27) that carry blood from the heart to the body,
and (28) that connect the two. An important station in the blood’s trip
through the body is the lungs where (29) blood cells get (30) and leave
(31). The blood’s (32) cells fight germs and break down dead cells. (33)
keep blood from leaking through the thin walls of the capillaries. They also
form scabs that stop cuts from bleeding. (34) is the clear liquid that carries
the other parts of the blood throughout the body.
The Excretory System
The job of the excretory system is to get rid of wastes. In the
integumentary system, sweat glands push (35) that contains waste to the
surface of the skin through (36). In the urinary system, waste products are
filtered and useful products are (37) to the blood. The process of the
urinary system starts when the liver produces (38) to break down food.
Whatever broken-down food that the body can not use leaves the liver as
urea. Next, the blood containing urea flows into the bean-shaped (39)
through an (40) and then to the capillaries. Once the blood reaches the
(41), or individual, tiny, filters, it will be separated so that (42) material are
sent back to the blood. Wastes will get caught up in (43) with semi
permeable membranes and then will be held in collecting (44). The urea
and other wastes reach the bladder through tubes called (45). A signal goes
to the brain to indicate that the bladder needs to be emptied.
Chapter 3 Human Body Systems Test
Forty-five of the above terms will appear on the test. Each
is worth 2 points each. The following 2 questions are
worth 5 points each.
A. Lance Armstrong can pump 9 gallons of blood per minute when he is
competing at his best. How long will it take Lance to pump 135 gallons of
blood? How long will it take another athlete who only pumps 6 gallons of
blood per minute?
B. Explain cellular respiration and how cells get energy to do work.
The following 2 questions are extra credit and
are worth 10 points each.
EC 1 Shortness of breath often accompanies heart attacks, when the heart
stops pumping. Explain why a malfunction in the circulatory system can
cause symptoms in the respiratory system.
EC 2 A physician is concerned that his patient’s kidneys are not working well.
What tests might he order to test his hypothesis? Explain your answer.
Chapter 3 Human Body Systems Test
TERMS
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
alveoli
arteies
artery
atrium
bile
Excretory
blood
blood vessels
bolus
bronchi
canines
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
C9
D1
D2
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9
capillaries
carbon dioxide
cells
chemically
circulatory system
colon
diaphragm
diffusion
digestive system
ducts
endocrine system
energy
esophagus
exhale
feces
glucose
heart
inferior vena cava
inhale
insulin
integumentary system
kidneys
large intestine
larynx
liver
lungs
mitchodria
nephrons
nutrients
organ system
organs
oxygen
pancreas
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
pharynx
plasma
platelets
pores
rectum
red
retruned
saliva
small intestine
stomach
superior vena
cava
sweat
trachea
tubes
urea
ureters
urine
useful
vein
ventricle
villi
water
white