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L5B –Interacting Systems Grade 10 Science Nicole Klement Systems • The different systems of the human body are constantly interacting to carry out the many functions that are essential for survival. Digestive system • • • The digestive system works along with the circulatory system when nutrients are absorbed by the small intestine into the capillaries. The lining of the small intestine is made up of villi that contain a network of capillaries. These tiny blood vessels then carry the nutrient rich blood to the tissues where the nutrients are used to provide energy for cell processes and for growth and repair. There are many microscopic villi that line the inside of the small intestine. Red and blue capillaries can be seen inside the villus. Did you know? • Did you know that it takes about 24 hours for food to be digested by your digestive system? • The food is moved through the digestive tract by the wave-like action called peristalsis. The Respiratory System • The respiratory system and the circulatory system are two other systems that have essential interconnections. The heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where the blood acquires oxygen. • The Lungs: capillaries pick up the oxygen from the lungs and carry the oxygenated blood back to the heart. Photo Credit: Patrick J. Lynch, medical illustrator; C. Carl Jaffe, MD, cardiologist. Did you know? • Did you know that it takes one minute for a red blood cell to circulate around the whole body? • Your body contains about 5.6 litres of blood. The Circulatory & Excretory Systems • • • The circulatory system also works with the excretory system. The main job of the excretory system is to excrete wastes that could quickly accumulate in the body. Some of the blood that is pumped out of the heart moves to the kidneys and skin, which are excretory organs. These organs remove cellular wastes by excreting urine or sweat. Some of these wastes are poisonous to the body and would create a serious threat to the health of a person who could not get rid of them. The human body has two kidneys to filter blood Did you know? • Did you know that your lungs are part of the excretory system? • The lungs play a role in the excretory process by getting rid of the waste gas, carbon dioxide. The lungs also eliminate alcohol that can be measured using the breathalyser test. Group Review • As a group: write the questions into your notebook and then check your answers when you are finished your work. True or False & Explain: 1. The blood in the circulatory system picks up the nutrients that are absorbed by the small intestine. 2. The kidneys play a role in filtering and excreting wastes. 3. The heart pumps blood to the lungs where oxygen is picked up. 4. Why is it important that wastes do not remain in the human body? Virtual body tour http://www.medtropolis.com/VBody.asp Or http://www.innerbody.com Discover 3D images of: 1. The human brain 2. Skeleton 3. Human Heart 4. Digestive Tract Spend 15 minutes investigating this site and be ready to share one NEW fact with the group. If someone shares the same FACT you need to have a different FACT ready to share. No repetitions. Assignment: Gas Exchange Gas Exchange In a ½ page paragraph: • Describe the interaction of the respiratory system and the circulatory system in the process of gas exchange. 1. Support your answer with information you have researched 2. Include information about how the air gets into the blood, what gases are involved in gas exchange, and where the gases travel. 3. Explain why gas exchange is important to humans. Complete your answer in sentence form and in your own words. Resources • Human Anatomy http://www.innerbody.com/anim/lungs.html • Gas Exchange http://health.howstuffworks.com/humanbody/systems/respiratory/adam200022.html