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Transcript
CHEM 32-001 FINAL EXAM NAME: ______________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (3 points each) Write the letter of the correct answer in the space beside the problem. There is only one correct answer for each question. _____ 1) One centigram equals: a) 100 grams b) 1000 grams c) 1/100 of a gram d) 1/1000 of a gram e) more than one of these answers are correct _____ 2) Which of the following pairs of elements is most likely to form an ionic bond? a) F and Cl b) K and Cl c) H and Cl d) Ar and Cl e) more than one of these answers is correct _____ 3) H2O is best described as... a) a nonpolar covalent compound b) an ionic compound, containing H3O+ and OHc) a polar covalent compound d) an ionic compound, containing H+ and OHe) an ionic compound, containing two H+ and one O2_____ 4) Which of the following compounds is a weak electrolyte? a) CaCl2 b) chloromethane c) formic acid d) nitrogen _____ 5) Which of the following compounds will NOT dissolve in water? a) 1-propanol b) propanone c) cyclopropane d) sodium propanoate _____ 6) Which of the following would be a reasonable pH for a solution of NaOH? a) 9.44 b) 7.00 c) 4.18 d) 1.93 e) any of these is reasonable _____ 7) How do carbon-14 and nitrogen-14 differ? a) They have different numbers of protons. b) They have different numbers of neutrons. c) They have different numbers of electrons. d) They have different numbers of valence electrons. e) All of the above answers are correct. _____ 8) Considering the position of Te (element #52) on the periodic table, which of the following ions would you expect Te to form? a) Te+ b) Te2+ c) Te6+ 2d) Te e) Te f) Te6_____ 9) Alkenes react with water very slowly. However, this reaction goes much faster if H2SO4 is added. In terms of energy, the H2SO4... a) makes the activation energy larger b) makes the activation energy smaller c) makes the heat of reaction (H) larger d) makes the heat of reaction smaller e) more than one of these answers are correct Chem 32-Final Exam Page 2 of 11 _____ 10) Which of the following produces the primary structure of a protein? a) disulfide bridges between cysteines. b) the formation of an amide from the amino and acid groups of two amino acids c) hydrogen-bonding between oxygen and hydrogen from different peptide groups d) the attraction of the polar amino acid side chains to the surrounding water e) more than one of these _____ 11) 1.3% NaHCO3 is isotonic with blood serum. Therefore... a) 2% NaHCO3 is hypertonic and causes crenation. b) 2% NaHCO3 is hypertonic and causes hemolysis. c) 2% NaHCO3 is hypotonic and causes crenation. d) 2% NaHCO3 is hypotonic and causes hemolysis. _____ 12) Beta-oxidation is an important step in the metabolism of... a) fatty acids b) amino acids c) monosaccharides d) all of these _____ 13) Oleic acid is a fatty acid with the formula C18H34O2. During the metabolism of one molecule of oleic acid, how many molecules of acetyl-coenzyme A are formed? a) 2 b) 9 c) 18 d) 34 e) 146 _____ 14) You have a solution of potassium formate (KCHO2). What other chemical must be in this solution in order for it to function as a buffer? a) HCHO2 b) NaCHO2 c) H2CO3 d) NaOH e) NaHCO3 _____ 15) Which of the following is the primary structural material in plants? a) cellulose b) glycogen c) amylose d) amylopectin e) none of these f) all of these _____ 16) Which of the following molecules contains a chiral carbon atom? a) pentane b) 2-chloropentane c) 3-chloropentane d) cyclopentane e) none of these _____ 17) During the breakdown of the amino acid leucine, two molecules of FADH2 are formed. The electron transport chain then uses these 2 FADH2 to make... a) 2 ATP b) 3 ATP c) 4 ATP d) 5 ATP e) none of these _____ 18) Which of the following is an example of a frame shift mutation? a) The wrong DNA chain is transcribed b) One of the two chains of DNA shifts up one base with respect to the other chain c) An extra base is inserted into a strand of DNA d) One base in a DNA strand is replaced by another e) Both c and d are frame shift mutations _____ 19) One mole of methane weighs approximately: a) 10 g b) 15 g c) 16 g d) 28 g e) 29 g f) 30 g Chem 32-Final Exam Page 3 of 11 _____ 20) When a piece of wood burns... a) potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. b) kinetic energy is converted into potential energy. c) heat is converted into work. d) work is converted into heat. _____ 21) Which of the following bonds to a single amino acid during translation? a) DNA b) ATP c) messenger RNA d) ribosomal RNA e) transfer RNA PROBLEMS: Be sure to show your work wherever there is work to show! 1) (6 points) List one function of each of the following types of compounds in humans. Do not write the same answer more than once: list a different function for each compound! a) proteins b) triglycerides c) nucleic acids 2) (8 points) Name each of the following substances: K _________________________ Fe _________________________ I _________________________ NH4+ _________________________ 3) (8 points) Write the chemical formulas of each of the following substances: copper __________ magnesium __________ phosphate ion __________ sulfide ion __________ Chem 32-Final Exam Page 4 of 11 4) (4 points) A pen is 12.3 centimeters long. How long is this in inches? (Possibly helpful fact: one inch = 2.54 centimeters.) 5) (7 points) Chloroform (CHCl3) is an important industrial chemical: it also has been used as a cleaning solvent and as a general anesthetic. It is manufactured by the following reaction: 3 Cl2 + CH4 CHCl3 + 3 HCl If you allow 100 grams of CH4 to react with Cl2, how many grams of HCl will you make? 7) (4 points) Write a balanced equation for the acid-base reaction that occurs when a solution that contains HCO3– ions is mixed with a solution that contains OH– ions Chem 32-Final Exam Page 5 of 11 6) (5 points) When CO2 is dissolved in water, the pH of the resulting solution is lower than 7. Explain this observation clearly and completely. 8) (8 points) Name the following compounds. You may use any naming system that is in the textbook. CH3 CH3 CH2 C CH3 CH2 CH2 O CH2 CH3 O CH3 CH2 NH CH2 CH3 CH3 C H 9) (6 points) Draw the structure of each of the following: a) an isomer of diethyl ether. b) an amide which contains exactly two carbon atoms (and no other functional group). Chem 32-Final Exam Page 6 of 11 10) (10 points) Draw the structures of each of the following compounds. You many use any type of structure that is used in the textbook. pentanoic acid acetone phenol 1-hexene 11) (12 points) Draw the structures of the products of each of the following reactions. O CH3 CH2 CH2 C OH + NaOH O [H] H C CH2 (reduction) OH CH3 CH CH2 CH CH2 + H2 O CH3 + H2 O H+ O CH3 CH2 NH C (hydrolysis) Chem 32-Final Exam Page 7 of 11 12) (6 points) Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid that contains 18 carbon atoms. a) Draw the structure of the triglyceride that contains 3 molecules of stearic acid. b) Is this triglyceride a solid, a liquid, or a gas at room temperature? Circle the correct choice. 13) (5 points) Starch is made up of two different polysaccharides: amylose and amylopectin. How are their chemical structures different from one another? 14) (6 points) Describe the lipid bilayer that forms the cell membrane in animals. Be sure to include the types of compounds that form the bilayer. (A picture will be helpful.) Chem 32-Final Exam Page 8 of 11 15) (3 points) Draw the structure of the amino acid threonine as it would appear in a highly basic solution. The side chain of threonine is shown on the cover sheet of this test. (You can get part credit for drawing the structure of threonine at neutral pH.) 16) (5 points) If you want to heat a 1200 gram copper pan from 20˚C to 100˚C, you will need to use 8200 calories of heat. From this information, calculate the specific heat of copper. 17) (5 points) Write the balanced equation for the combustion of cyclopentane. Chem 32-Final Exam Page 9 of 11 18) (8 points) A coding strand of DNA contains the base sequence AGAGCGACG. If this is the DNA code for a polypeptide, would you expect this polypeptide to be soluble in water? Explain your reasoning clearly. 19) (6 points) Describe the function of each of the following substances in a living cell: a) ATP (adenosine triphosphate) b) NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) Chem 32-Final Exam Page 10 of 11 20) (6 points) You need to make 250 mL of 0.35 M K2SO4 solution. How many grams of K2SO4 will you need? 21) (5 points) You have a bottle that contains 5% NaCl. You need to make 100 mL of 0.9% NaCl. Describe how you would make this solution, including specific quantities where appropriate. Chem 32-Final Exam Page 11 of 11 22) (4 points) A protein can be denatured by changing the pH of its environment. List two other ways to denature a protein. BONUS PROBLEM: 10 points possible ("Wow!!! Extra credit!!!!") Natural gas contains ethane, which burns according to the following equation: 2 C2H6 + 7 O2 4 CO2 + 6 H2O + 745 kcal How many grams of ethane would you need to burn to give you enough energy to heat 500 moles of water from 20˚C (room temperature) to 100˚C (the boiling point of water)?