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U.S. History Mid-Term
1. According to the map above, slaves were MAINLY
A. Taken from the Americans to Europe in exchange for sugar.
B. Taken to Europe from the Americas in exchange for cotton.
C. Taken from Africa to the Americas in exchange for manufactured goods.
D. Taken to the west coast of Africa from Europe in exchange for textiles.
2. In the passage below, who does Thomas Jefferson make a case against when he uses the word their?
“He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution and unacknowledged by
our laws; giving his assent to their acts of pretended legislation”
From the Declaration of Independence
A.
B.
C.
D.
The British Parliament.
The House of Burgesses.
The Continental Congress.
The Committees of Correspondence.
3. Which statement BEST described the government outlined in the United States Constitution?
A. The president is given unlimited power.
B. National power is guaranteed by Article Four.
C. The power of one-house Congress is provided by a bill of rights.
D. Power is divided among legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
4. In the United States, the Marquis de Lafayette is best known for
A. Giving away secrets to the Germans in World War II.
B. His role in the XYZ Affair with the French government.
C. Fighting for the United States in the American Revolution.
D. Leading the French Resistance to aid American pilots in World War II.
5. The British surrendered to the Continental Army in 1781 following
A. The Boston Massacre
B. The Battle of Yorktown
C. The Battle of Lexington
D. The Battle of New Orleans
6. The system known as “Triangular Trade” involved
A. Europe, Africa, and Asia
B. Asia, Africa, and Australia
C. Africa, Asia, and North America
D. North America, Europe, and Africa
7. What was the importance of interchangeable parts during the Industrial Revolution of the early 19th century?
A. They allowed for the mass production of good using the factory system
B. They made goods more expensive to produce
C. Americans began to import more goods because they had become too difficult to produce
D. They increased the need to have highly skilled workers to create goods
8. All of phrases below describe the American Revolutionary Era actions of whom?




Believed Parliament had no power in the American Colonies
Virginia Representative at Second Continental Congress
Chosen to write the Declaration of Independence
Served in Virginia House of Delegates
A.
B.
C.
D.
James Madison
Thomas Jefferson
Benjamin Franklin
George Washington
9. The Significance of Thomas Paine’s Common Sense was that it
A. suggested economic reforms for the colonies.
B. suggested a plan of reconciliation with Britain.
C. outlined a logical approach to protesting against Parliament.
D. pointed out that continued loyalty to King George III would be useless.
10. All of the following are describing what “Founding Father” of the United States?




Born in 1751 in Virginia
An author of the Federalist Papers
Considered the “Father of the Constitution”
4th President of the United States
A. John Adams
B. James Madison
C. Thomas Jefferson
D. George Washington
11. Which liberty is guaranteed by the First Amendment?
A. freedom of speech
B. the right to vote
C. the right to bear arms
D. protection from unreasonable search and seizure
12. The United States achieved independence in the 18th century from what country?
A. Spain
B. France
C. Germany
D. Great Britain
13. Which of these accurately reflects a WEAKNESS in the Articles of Confederation?
A. Congress taxed citizens too much.
B. There was no central government who had the power to tax.
C. The document was too easily amended by the states.
D. The central government held too much power over the states.
14. Why did the Anti-Federalists push for the addition to a Bill of Rights to the United States Constitution?
A. there was a precedent set for doing so in Great Britain’s
B. they believed the government needed protection from possible uprisings
C. they believed the people’s liberties needed protection from the government
D. there was already a requirement to do so, but the Federalists were ignoring it
15. Which answer BEST explains why the following quotation is true?
“British victory against France in the French and Indian War helped to cause the American Revolution.”
A. France sought to revenge and stirred-up colonial anger against the British.
B. The British attempt to industrialize Canada offended the American colonists.
C. Britain became overconfident, resulting in a failed invasion of Spanish Florida.
D. The British increased colonial taxes in order to pay for the victory over France.
16. “Joint Stock Companies” were organizations meant to establish colonies in the Americas by people from…
A. Britain
B. France
C. Portugal
D. Spain
17. Which European philosopher proposed that dividing the government into three branches would prevent any
one person or group from gaining total control?
A. Voltaire
B. Rousseau
C. Thomas Hobbes
D. Baron de Montesquieu
18. The following sentences are all describing:



Established in the Colony of Virginia in 1619
Consisted of a Governor, a council, and representatives from the colony
Marked the beginning of representative government in British North America
A. the Plymouth Company
B. the Mayflower Compact
C. the House of Burgesses
D. the Fundamental Orders
19. This colony was founded by the Dutch in the early-1600s and is now known as New York City.
A. New Jersey
B. New Harlem
C. New Holland
D. New Amsterdam
20. The Treaty of Paris of 1783
A. ended French colonial holdings in North America.
B. granted the United States independence from England.
C. ensured Loyalists would not be compensated for their lands.
D. established an alliance between the United States and France.
21. The Sons of Liberty led a revolt in 1766. There were protesting against the
A. Stamp Act
B. Intolerable Acts
C. Siege of Savannah
D. Battle of the Rice Boats
22. “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any
State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”
– Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
The primary purpose of the 15th Amendment (above) was:
A. punishing southern states
B. avoiding another Civil War
C. granting former slaves suffrage
D. granting women the right to vote
23. The strife in “Bleeding Kansas” was associated with a conflict between ___________ and _______________.
A. slaves and masters
B. immigrants and nativists
C. settlers and native-Americans
D. pro slavery and anti slavery supporters
24. Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized a national meeting at Seneca Falls in 1848. The primary
purpose of this convention was to organize the
A. abolition movement
B. temperance movement
C. women’s suffrage movement
D. Native America assistance movement
25. What law established the procedure by which the United States would expand westward across North America
by the admission of new states, rather than by the expansion of existing states?
A. The Treaty of 1763
B. The Wilmot Proviso
C. The Monroe Doctrine
D. The Northwest Ordinance
26. After the passage of the “Tariff of Abominations” in 1828, which South Carolina politician advocated
“nullification” and stated that the South should ignore any law that favored the North?
A. Henry Clay
B. James Buchanan
C. John C. Calhoun
D. William H. Harrison
27. The case of Dred Scott v. Sandford (1856) is often called the Supreme Court’s great “self-inflicted wound”
because the decision
A. refused to give women the right to vote and own property
B. created the doctrine of “separate but equal”
C. supported the South’s right to secede from the Union
D. ruled slaves to be property and made it illegal to outlaw slavery
28. Which of these battles was a major victory for the Union in the American Civil War?
A. Bull Run
B. Gettysburg
C. 2nd Bull Run
D. Chickamauga Creek
29. Horace Mann is MOST associated with what issue during the 19th Century?
A. child labor
B. education reform
C. women’s suffrage
D. abolition
30. “Sherman believed that the Civil War would end only if the Confederacy’s strategic, economic, and psychological
capacity for warfare were decisively broken. Sherman therefore applied the principles of scorched earth: he
ordered his troops to burn crops, kill livestock, consume supplies, and destroy civilian infrastructure along their
path.”
Considering the description above, what offers the BEST reasoning behind William Tecumseh Sherman’s
strategy of using “total war” to defeat the South?
A. The strategy of “total war” was needed to stop the Confederates from trading with France and England.
B. Sherman’s men wanted revenge for the horrifying treatment of union soldiers in Andersonville prison camp
C. The destruction of Georgia would be so complete that it would break the Confederacy’s will to continue
fighting.
D. The invasion of Georgia would lead to armed revolt by the slaves, which in turn would help the Union win
the war.
31. Which modern states did the U.S. win in the Mexican-American War?
A. Florida, Guatemala, & Puerto Rico
B. Louisiana, Missouri, & Kansas
C. Utah, Montana, & Wyoming
D. California, Arizona, & New Mexico
32. Which of these groups was promised “Forty Acres and a Mule” after the Civil War?
A. Scalawags
B. former slaves
C. Carpetbaggers
D. former Confederates
33. The impeachment of President Andrew Johnson was due to
A. a personal scandal involving bribery
B. his actions as a “Radical Republican” during the Reconstruction Era
C. a struggle between Congress and President over governmental power
D. his involvement in the Confederate military during the Civil War
34. Which of the following was a characteristic of Presidential Reconstruction?
A. No pardons were permitted for men that served in the Confederate military
B. Southern states could be re-admitted to the Union once 50% of the population swore allegiance
C. Presidential Reconstruction was more lenient on the south than Congressional Republicans would be
D. Jefferson Davis was allowed to resume his position as a Mississippi Senator
35. The Fourteenth amendment to the Constitution was ratified following which war?
A. Civil War
B. Vietnam War
C. World War II
D. American Revolution
36. Which law is being described below?




Repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820
Was created as a means of constructing a transcontinental railroad
Created two new states in the middle of the United States
Let the states decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery
A. Gadsden Purchase
B. Northwest Ordinance
C. Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
D. Oregon-Washington Purchase of 1848
37. Ft. Sumter is MOST significant for being
A. the location of the end of the Civil War.
B. destroyed by the union when taking Port Royal.
C. the target of General Sherman’s March to the Sea.
D. where the first shots of the Civil War were fired
38. The following are describing what Civil War battle?




Took place on September 17, 1862
Robert E. Lee and George McClellan faced each other
The Confederate and offensive was stopped
Was the bloodiest single day of the Civil War
A. Antietam
B. Chickamauga
C. Gettysburg
D. Vicksburg
39. Of the following land acquisitions, which one doubled the size of the United States?
A. Oregon Territory
B. Gadsden Purchase
C. Louisiana Purchase
D. Land of Ordinance of 1787
40. The War of 1812 resulted in:
A. Great Britain gaining control of Canada.
B. the United States gaining control of Spain.
C. a decline of U.S. power and influence
D. Great Britain agreed to end the practice of impressments and encouraged a feeling of national identity in
the U.S.
41. After reviewing the information below, you can infer that:
Figure 1- Number of Soldiers Used for Select Civil War Battles
Confederacy
Vicksburg
Gettysburg
Fredericksbur
g
Bull Run
Appomatox
Court House
Antietam
140000
120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
Union
A. The Battle of Vicksburg was not a very significant Union victory.
B. The battle at Appomattox was a clear and decisive victory by confederate troops.
C. Union forces won many Civil War battles because they had many more troops than the Confederates.
D. Confederate forces were more accurate and would have defeated the Union if they had better weapons.
42. One of the most important legacies of the Northwest Ordinance was that it prevented the expansion of
______________ north of the Ohio River in the new territories.
A. Slavery
B. Indian Warfare
C. Industrialization
D. British colonization
43. General William T. Sherman’s “March to the Sea” was important to the Union war effort because
A. it placed the Mississippi River under Union control.
B. it convinced Europe not to support the Confederacy.
C. Important railroad tracks were destroyed, severing supply lines for Confederate forces.
D. Robert E. Lee was forced to surrender his forces as a direct result of Sherman’s victory.
44. President Andrew Johnson’s leniency with former Confederate officials and his veto of legislation designed to
provide civil rights and financial aid to former slaves angered
A. the Redeemers
B. the Ku Klux Klan
C. the Know-Nothing party
D. the Radical Republicans
45. Early in his Presidency, Abraham Lincoln declared that his primary goal as President was to
A. preserve the Union
B. encourage sectionalism
C. enforce the Emancipation Proclamation
D. veto against the Radical Republicans
46. Frederick Douglass was an advocate for
A. abolition
B. conservation
C. prohibition
D. unionization
47. The direct election of U.S. Senators, women’s suffrage, and greater government regulation of large industries
were all issues of importance in the early 1900s to the
A. Democrats
B. Federalists
C. Progressives
D. Republicans
48. The Supreme Court decision of Plessy v. Ferguson
A. was overturned by the fifteenth Amendment
B. upheld the principle of separate but equal
C. eliminated racial segregation in state universities
D. established the constitutionality of affirmative action
49. Which of the following is a work associated with the Muckrakers?
A. The Jungle by Upton Sinclair
B. The Liberator by William Lloyd Garrison
C. The Empire of Business by Andrew Carnegie
D. Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe
50. Journalists who wrote fiction and non-fiction accounts of the abuses of wealth and power in our society were
called:
A. Abolitionists
B. Avant Garde
C. Muckrakers
D. Scalawags
51. What group of immigrants arrived in large numbers of the U.S. west coast for the primary purpose of working
on the transcontinental Railroad in the 19th Century?
A. Chinese
B. Irish
C. Japanese
D. Mexican
52. The progressive Era was PRIMARILY concerned with
A. Making government more responsible to the needs of the people.
B. Advocating the passage of laws that guaranteed corporate/business freedom.
C. Preventing farmers from being restricted by federal laws and policies.
D. Hampering attempts by labor unions to gain benefit for their members.
53. “Whatever you wanted of me I have obeyed. The Great Father sent me word that whatever he had against me in
the past had been forgiven and thrown aside, and I have accepted his promises and came in. And he told me not
to step aside from the white man’s path, and I am doing my best to travel in that path. I sit here and look around
me now, and I see my people starving. We want cattle to butcher. That is the way you live, and we want to live the
same way.”
-Sitting Bull, 1883
Sitting Bull’s point in the passage above is:
A. the great father told him a fatal lie
B. his people would prefer to be farmers
C. his people are suffering because of the settlers
D. there can be no choice but to resist Americans
54. One American inventor held over one thousand patents and invented the phonograph, the light bulb, and
motion pictures. Who was the famous American inventor?
A. Henry Ford
B. Thomas Edison
C. Andrew Carnegie
D. Alexander Graham Bell
55. Which group was founded in 1909 under the leadership of W.E.B. Dubois in an effort to combat racial
discrimination, racial violence, and segregation in the United States?
A. The Black Rights Coalition (BRC)
B. The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
C. The Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
D. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NACCP)
56. All of the issues and conflicts below were made possible, and worse, by



Formation of the National Farmers’ Alliance, 1875
United mine Workers Strike, 1894
Pullman Strike
A. the increasing likelihood of war with Spain
B. the enormous power of national labor unions
C. the growing disparity in income in the United States
D. the government’s refusal to allow immigrants to work
57. According to the theory of mercantilism, the principal purpose of the thirteen original colonies was to provide
Great Britain with
A. Naval bases
B. Workers and manufactured goods
C. Military recruits
D. Raw materials and wealth
58. The purpose of Jim Crow laws was to
A. prevent black citizens from obtaining employment
B. limit the religious activities of southern citizens
C. create as much division between the races as possible
D. make it illegal for black children to receive an education
59. Which statement BEST describes American policy towards Native Americans at the end of the 19th century?
A. Native Americans generally settled where they wanted to
B. Most Native Americans fled to Canada for protection from U.S. forces
C. Most Native Americans were practically forced to relocate to reservations
D. Native Americans pleaded with the government to create reservations for them
60. Samuel Gompers was leading proponent of what industrial issue?
A. vertical integration
B. the formation of trusts
C. the crushing of labor unions
D. the formation of labor unions
61. Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle had the GREATEST impact on the passage of the
A. Child Labor Act
B. Sinclair Amendment
C. Meat Inspection Act
D. Clayton Antitrust Act.
62. Widespread anti-Chinese sentiment in the late-1800s resulted in
A. Native Born Chinese-Americans having their citizenship revoked
B. Congressional action aimed to prohibiting further Chinese immigration
C. legal segregation of all Chinese-Americans into separate urban districts
D. legislation aimed at increasing Chinese enrollment in American colleges and Universities.
63. The conflict that occurred at Wounded Knee can BEST be described as
A. the last battle between Native Americans and the U.S. Government
B. the last major battle in the United States Civil War
C. the first major battle in the United States Civil War
D. a massacre of the United States Cavalry by Lakota Sioux
64. One of the main reasons John D. Rockefeller was able to succeed in the oil industry was because he
A. encouraged competition
B. treated his competitors fairly
C. created a monopoly
D. urged government regulation of the oil industry
65. What agency was created by the United States Congress in 1865 to set up schools and churches, supply food
and clothing, and solve employment issues for the former slaves?
A. the Ku Klux Klan
B. the Freedman’s Bureau
C. the American Missionary Association
D. the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
66. Which Civil War battle resulted in the Union gaining strategic control of the Mississippi River?
A. Antietam
B. Murfreesboro
C. Shiloh
D. Vicksburg
67. “British cruisers have been in the continued practice of violating the American flag on the great highway of
nations, and of seizing and carrying off persons sailing under it …”
~President James Madison
What resulted in the actions described by President Madison in this quotation?
A. The beginning of the War of 1812
B. The outbreak of the Revolutionary War
C. The signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783
D. The adoption of the Articles of Confederation
68. How did the completion of the Erie Canal impact the U.S.?
A. European migration decreased
B. Migration to the South increased
C. It connected New York to the Mid-West
D. New England became less important in American politics
69. Which is the BEST description of Jacksonian Democracy?
A. It promoted more participation in government by all citizens and the spoils system
B. It developed an approach to government that favored the wealthy and elite
C. It reduced the power of the president and increased the influence of the courts
D. It expanded the power of the rich and reduced the power of small farmers
70. Immigration to the United States from Southern and Eastern Europe exploded in the late 19th century and
early 20th century. What famous immigration center did most of the immigrants arrive at, located in New
York Harbor?
A. Jamestown
B. Ellis Island
C. Angel Island
D. Massachusetts Bay