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Transcript
Roman Religion Fact Sheet The Romans were polytheistic liked to take on new gods their main gods were the Greek gods re-named they had a temple called the Pantheon in Rome which was dedicated to any gods the Romans might have forgotten to venerate they worshipped at temples, which were modelled in design on Greek temples only male citizens were able to go to the temple - even then only priests went inside the temple worship in the home was important; the Romans worshipped at their larariums - mall shrines here they worshipped the goddess Vesta, and the Lares and the Penates - each day they left a small daily offering the imperial cult - the worship of the emperor - was the only religion imposed on conquered peoples - it was meant to act as a unifying force through the Empire The Celts worshipped outside at special places like trees, streams etc. - these were called nemetons they were polytheistic the Druids controlled religion - as well as education and war the Druids led the resistance to the Romans and were forced to retreat to Anglesey Mithras was a sun-god from Iran was worshipped by soldiers and merchants - but it was a men only religion Mithras had tamed creation (in the shape of a bull) and had two helpers - Cautes (the dawn) and Cautopates (the dusk) evil is symbolised by a scorpion his worship was very popular in London Christianity began after the death of Jesus Christ and because of the fact that the Empire was a safe place to travel around and communications were good the new religion spread very quickly it reached Britain in the late second century little evidence remains of early Christian activity in Britain Christians had to worship in secret because the Romans believed that they were cannibals (a misunderstanding of communion) and also they refused to worship the Emperor persecution was especially strong under the Emperors Nero and Domitian in 313 Constantine passed the Edict of Toleration which allowed Christians to worship freely and in 375 Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire at a meeting held in Rome in 314 we know that 3 British Bishops attended; from York, Lincoln and London Roman Southwark the founding of Southwark is almost entirely due to the Romans In London, the Romans constructed Watling Street – a major road between Canterbury and London and was linked to the Roman Bridge approach road which followed the line of Borough High Street Another Roman road was Stane Street somewhere near Borough Underground Station. It’s route is followed by Newington Causeway and Kennington Park Road and led south Much of Roman Southwark was low-lying land – it was a series of small sandy islands surrounded by mudflats In the crypt underneath Southwark Cathedral, a group of sculptures were discovered thrown in a well. One was the hunter god which is displayed near the archaeological pit in the Cathedral In 2011, Network Rail discovered the remains of a Roman bath house on the south-bank. A statue of a Roman hunter god discovered underneath Southwark Cathedral Part of a Roman mosaic pavement. Discovered in the churchyard of the Cathedral in Victorian times