Download WWII was a

Name ___________________________
Page 86
Who were the people and places of World War II?
Skim through pages 640-650 to complete the following charts.
The Allied Powers (1941)
leader
Charles de Gaulle
country
government
Great Britain
democratic constitutional
monarchy
France (Vichy France)
democracy
Joseph Stalin
communist (with dictator)
vs.
The Axis Powers (1941)
leader
country
government
Nazi (a type of fascism)
Emperor Hirohito
Italy
Fascist
Japan
constitutional monarchy
Why did the U.S. enter WWII on the side of the Allies?

_________________________________________ (those who want the U.S. to stay out of
foreign conflicts) argue against _______________________________________ (those who
want to get involved in foreign conflicts)

U.S. will __________________________________ move from ______________________
to joining the ______________________ Powers in WWII.
isolationism  Neutrality Acts (1935-7): to keep the U.S. neutral,
these acts outlawed arms sales or loans to nations at war  “cashand-carry” provision (1939): warring nations could buy arms if they
paid cash and carried in their own ships  Lend-Lease Act (March
1941): okay to lend or lease arms and supplies to “any country
whose defense was vital to the U.S.”  as in WWI, German u-boats
attack American ships that trade with the Allies  Atlantic Charter
(August 1941): U.S. and Britain agree on purpose of war; would
serve as basis for United Nations after the war
When do you think the U.S. was involved in WWII? Why?
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor—
when:
what happened (note three things below from video and textbook
pages 658-9):



The U.S. intervenes in WWII on the side of the __________ by declaring
war on __________.
Name _______________________________
Page 87
How did the United States mobilize for World War II?
WWII was a _________________ to _________________________ more, faster
If you are FDR, what kinds of things do you need to do to mobilize for war? Consider what you need and
how you might acquire them? Brainstorm in your groups and list some ideas below.
soldiers
 _________________________________________ organizes volunteers
and _____________ recruits to fight
 ___________ get _____________________ status in the military in
noncombat roles (i.e. WACs)
 blacks ________________________, given ____________ tasks
(exception: ___________________________________)
 other minorities mostly ________________________ also (exception:
Navajo _____________________)
production
 ___________________________________ helped transition peacetime
industry to wartime and organized _____________________ materials
that could be used for war
 public gets involved with ________________________ and
_____________________________
workers
 _____________ prove their ability in nontraditional roles by working in the
______________, though they faced ________________________
 ____________________________ image encouraged women’s
participation
paying for war
 _______________ sold to pay for war
Wartime ______________________________ was used by the government to
convince everyone to do their part.
Create your own wartime propaganda poster for WWII below. There are examples of propaganda
posters on the front of this page. Use one of the following topics:
 recruiting (men or women)
 factory production
 rationing
 women workers
 war bonds
Name _______________________________
Page 88
Why did the U.S. government resort to Japanese internment?
How was this a violation of civil liberties?
preexisting ______________________ feelings in America
+ the attack on
by the Japanese
= fear of Japanese Americans being ___________
What does this poster say about Japanese people?
How would this image help justify putting Japanese
Americans in prison camps?
Use the video or pages 680-681 in the textbook to answer the following:
Describe Japanese internment (make sure you have at least 3 notes).



What violations of our basic rights as Americans, our civil liberties, do you see (give at least
two)?


How did the Allies begin to win Europe after the U.S. entered
the war?
Great
Britain
Germany
6
5
1
4
8
Atlantic Ocean
3
2
The Supreme Commander of U.S. forces in Europe was ____________________________
Skim through 670-675 and 686-701 to complete. The exact page number is in parentheses.
1. The Battle of Stalingrad ends German advance in the Soviet Union (671)
2. Allied invasion of North Africa (672)
3. FDR and Churchill decided that the Allies would only accept unconditional surrender at the
Casablanca Conference. (beginning of “Increasing the Pressure on Germany” page 673)
4. Allied invasion of Italy (673)
5. _______________________, the largest amphibious attack ever and part of Operation
Overlord, begins the liberation of _______________________ (687-689)
6. Battle of the Bulge is Germany’s desperate, failed attempt to win the war in Europe (691)
7. The extent of the ______________________________, the Nazi murder of 11 million people
(mostly Jews) is discovered as Allied forces liberate concentration camps (696-701)
8. _______________________ elected to fourth consecutive term, though dies shortly after,
leaving _______________________________ as President when the war ends (691)
9. V-E Day: the celebration for the end of the war in Europe (691)
Draw an arrow from 1 to Germany to show how the Soviet Union approached Germany. Then, draw an
arrow from the Atlantic Ocean to 2, then from 2 to 4, to show how the U.S. and Great Britain approached
Italy. Finally, draw an arrow from Great Britain to 5, then to 6, then to Germany to show how the U.S. and
Great Britain approached Germany.
Name _______________________________
Page 89
How does the propaganda showing D-Day compare to the
reality of D-Day?
D-Day as shown in
Saving Private Ryan
D-Day as shown in a
1944 newsreel
How did the United States win the war in the Pacific?
On the map below, connect the islands (dots and others) from the two starting points to reach Japan.
This is a military operation, so you probably do not want to approach in a predictable manner.
Japan
Midway I.
Philippines
How the U.S. beat back Japan in the Pacific

____________________________________, the top general in the Pacific, used
____________________________________, the taking of one island at a time towards
Japan.

This begins after the U.S. finally stops the Japanese advance at the
____________________________________.

McArthur makes a point to take back the Philippines, where we see an increasingly
desperate Japan resort to __________________________ attacks.

The battles at ______________________ and ______________________ are won by the
U.S. despite huge losses on both sides; these are the final step before invading Japan.

Instead of invading, the U.S. uses the ________________________, secretly developed by
the ____________________________________________, on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to
defeat the Japanese.

V-J Day (Victory in Japan Day) celebrates the end of the war.
Name ___________________________
Page 90
How did the United States win the war in the Pacific? (cont’d)
Use the map on page 692 to label the following on the map below:
Japan
the Battle of Midway
the Philippines
Iwo Jima
Okinawa
Then, draw arrows to show how the U.S. troops advanced towards Japan after the Battle of Midway. Do
not draw all the arrows. Just draw a couple to show the general move towards Japan
How was the fighting in the Pacific different from the fighting in Europe during WWII?
Mention some of the locations in the Pacific and in Europe and some of the terms from the notes
on the front to help explain.
Europe
the Pacific
Why did we drop the atomic bomb on Japan? Why did some
disagree? Should we consider using it again?
“The decision to use atomic bombs against Japan was the most controversial decision in military history.”
why some argued that we should
have dropped the atomic bomb
on Japan:
why others argued that we should
not have dropped the atomic
bomb on Japan:
1. Japan would have fought to the last man if
we did not drop the bomb, causing at least
250,000 casualties among American
soldiers and many more Japanese
casualties. Decoded messages implied
what a Japanese leader later stated: "The
army had dug themselves caves in the
mountains and their idea of fighting on was
fighting from every little hole or rock in the
mountains."
2. We could not have warned the Japanese
because engineers were unable to assure
that the bombs would work and officials
feared that a failure would hurt American
morale. Even if we demonstrated the
atomic bomb successfully to the Japanese,
the government might have hidden this
new development from the people.
3. Dropping the atomic bomb would have the
added benefit of intimidating the Soviet
Union and therefore allowing the U.S.
more control in shaping the postwar world.
4. 100,000 Allied Prisoners of War were
scheduled to be executed by the Japanese
if we invaded Southeast Asia, a plan that
would coincide with the invasion of Japan.
A. Japan would have soon surrendered even if
the bomb was not used. Dwight D.
Eisenhower called it “completely
unnecessary.”
B. Japan received no advance warning that
might have allowed Japan to surrender due
to the intimidating possibility of having an
atomic bomb dropped on them.
C. Japan was used to intimidate the Soviet
Union, not to end the war.
D. Too many Japanese civilians were killed or
injured from the atomic bomb. After just the
first year, 200,000 Japanese (mostly
civilians) had died as a result of injuries and
radiation poisoning caused by the atomic
blasts.
E. It was a racist decision (an atomic bomb
would never had been dropped on the
Germans because they were “white
people”).
F. Dropping the bomb set a dangerous
precedent of using weapons that powerful in
war.
Do you agree with the decision to use the atomic bomb on Japan? Which arguments
do you think were most important in making your decision?
Which of these arguments could also be used to support using an atomic bomb on
Afghanistan today?
Which of these arguments could also be used to support not using an atomic bomb on
Afghanistan today?
Ultimately, should the U.S. have bombed (or now bomb) Afghanistan with an atomic
bomb? Explain.
Japanese American Internment
preexisting anti-Asian feelings in America
+ the attack Pearl Harbor by the Japanese
= fear of Japanese Americans being spies
Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, President
Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, which permitted the military to
circumvent the constitutional safeguards of American citizens in the name of national
defense.
The order set into motion the exclusion from certain areas, and the evacuation and
mass incarceration of 120,000 persons of Japanese ancestry living on the West Coast,
most of whom were U.S. citizens or legal permanent resident aliens.
These Japanese Americans, half of whom were children, were incarcerated for up to 4
years, without due process of law or any factual basis, in bleak, remote camps
surrounded by barbed wire and armed guards.
They were forced to evacuate their homes and leave their jobs; in some cases family
members were separated and put into different camps. President Roosevelt himself
called the 10 facilities "concentration camps."
Some Japanese Americans died in the camps due to inadequate medical care and the
emotional stresses they encountered. Several were killed by military guards posted for
allegedly resisting orders.
At the time, Executive Order 9066 was justified as a "military necessity" to protect
against domestic espionage and sabotage. However, it was later documented that "our
government had in its possession proof that not one Japanese American, citizen or not,
had engaged in espionage, not one had committed any act of sabotage." (Michi Weglyn,
1976).
Rather, the causes for this unprecedented action in American history, according to the
Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, "were motivated largely
by racial prejudice, wartime hysteria, and a failure of political leadership."
Almost 50 years later, through the efforts of leaders and advocates of the Japanese
American community, Congress passed the Civil Liberties Act of 1988. Popularly known
as the Japanese American Redress Bill, this act acknowledged that "a grave injustice
was done" and mandated Congress to pay each victim of internment $20,000 in
reparations.
The reparations were sent with a signed apology from the President of the United
States on behalf of the American people. The period for reparations ended in August of
1998.
Despite this redress, the mental and physical health impacts of the trauma of the
internment experience continue to affect tens of thousands of Japanese Americans.
Health studies have shown a 2 times greater incidence of heart disease and premature
death among former internees, compared to noninterned Japanese Americans.
“Kenji” by Fort Minor lyrics
My father came from Japan in 1905
He was 15 when he immigrated from Japan
He, he... he worked until he was able to buy this
patch
And build a store
Let me tell you the story in the form of a dream,
I don't know why I have to tell it but I know what it
means,
Close your eyes, just picture the scene,
As I paint it for you, it was World War II,
When this man named Kenji woke up,
Ken was not a soldier,
He was just a man with a family who owned a store
in LA,
That day, he crawled out of bed like he always did,
Bacon and eggs with wife and kids,
He lived on the second floor of a little store he ran,
He moved to LA from Japan,
They called him 'Immigrant,'
In Japanese, he'd say he was called "Esay,"
That meant 'First Generation In The United States,'
When everyone was afraid of the Germans, afraid
of the Japs,
But most of all afraid of a homeland attack,
And that morning when Ken went out on the
doormat,
His world went black 'cause,
Right there; front page news,
Three weeks before 1942,
"Pearl Harbor's Been Bombed And The Japs Are
Comin',"
Pictures of soldiers dyin' and runnin',
Ken knew what it would lead to,
Just like he guessed, the President said,
"The evil Japanese in our home country will be
locked away,"
They gave Ken, a couple of days,
To get his whole life packed in two bags,
Just two bags, couldn't even pack his clothes,
Some folks didn't even have a suitcase, to pack
anything in,
So two trash bags was all they gave them,
When the kids asked mum "Where are we goin'?"
Nobody even knew what to say to them,
Ken didn't wanna lie, he said "The US is lookin' for
spies,
So we have to live in a place called Mandinar,
Where a lot of Japanese people are,"
Stop it don't look at the gunmen,
You don't wanna get the soldiers wonderin',
If you gonna run or not,
'Cause if you run then you might get shot,
Other than that try not to think about it,
Try not to worry 'bout it; bein' so crowded,
Someday we'll get out, someday, someday.
As soon as war broke out
The G.I came and they just come to the house and
"You have to come"
"All the Japanese have to go"
They took Mr. Lee
People didn't understand
Why did they have to take him?
Because he's an innocent neighbor
So now they're in a town with soldiers surroundin'
them,
Every day, every night look down at them,
From watch towers up on the wall,
Ken couldn't really hate them at all;
They were just doin' their job and,
He wasn't gonna make any problems,
He had a little garden with vegetables and fruits
that,
He gave to the troops in a basket his wife made,
But in the back of his mind, he wanted his families
life saved,
Prisoners of war in their own damn country,
What for?
Time passed in the prison town,
He wanted them to live it down when they were
free,
The only way out was joinin' the army,
And supposedly, some men went out for the army,
signed on,
And ended up flyin' to Japan with a bomb,
That 15 kiloton blast, put an end to the war pretty
fast,
Two cities were blown to bits; the end of the war
came quick,
Ken got out, big hopes of a normal life, with his
kids and his wife,
But, when they got back to their home,
What they saw made them feel so alone,
These people had trashed every room,
Smashed in the windows and bashed in the doors,
Written on the walls and the floor,
"Japs not welcome anymore."
And Kenji dropped both of his bags at his sides
and just stood outside,
He, looked at his wife without words to say,
She looked back at him wiped the tears away,
And, said "Someday we'll be okay, someday,"
Now the names have been changed, but the
story's true,
My family was locked up back in '42,
My family was there it was dark and damp,
And they called it an internment camp
When we first got back from camp... uhh
It was... pretty... pretty bad
I, I remember my husband said
"Are we gonna stay 'til last?"
Then my husband died before they close the camp.