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Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SECTION 44-1 REVIEW
DEVELOPMENT OF BEHAVIOR
VOCABULARY REVIEW Define the following terms.
1. innate behavior __________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. fixed action pattern _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. habituation _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
4. operant conditioning ______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
5. imprinting ______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank.
_____ 1. A biologist who studies behavior is
a. called a psychologist.
c. called an ethologist.
b. called an ethnographer.
d. concerned only with the genetics
of behavior.
_____ 2. Removal of infected young from a bee hive is an example of behavior
that is
a. unresponsive to environmental conditions, or fixed.
b. triggered only by environmental stimuli.
c. mostly learned.
d. both genetic and triggered by environmental conditions.
_____ 3. A fixed action pattern
a. continues from start to finish without modification.
b. is adaptive.
c. may be triggered by an environmental stimulus.
d. All of the above
_____ 4. Learning to associate a reward with a predictive stimulus, such as a
hamburger with the sight of a neon sign, is an example of
a. classical conditioning.
c. imprinting.
b. operant conditioning.
d. reasoning.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Biology
241
Development of Behavior
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
_____ 5. Which of the following is an example of imprinting?
a. a salmon’s ability to recognize chemical cues in the water when
returning to the stream where it was born to spawn
b. a chimpanzee stacking boxes to reach a banana
c. an octopus using its arms to unscrew a jar lid and eat the fish inside
the jar
d. a dog salivating in response to a bell
SHORT ANSWER Answer the questions in the space provided.
1. List four questions that ethologists ask about an animal’s behavior. _________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. Describe an example of how natural selection shapes behavior. ____________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. Give two examples of innate behaviors. ______________________________
_______________________________________________________________
4. How is habituation adaptive? _______________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
5. Critical Thinking What kinds of behaviors might be involved in using a
computer?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS The table below compares several kinds of
behavior. Complete the table by filling in the missing information.
Behavior
Fixed action pattern
c
Learned or Innate
a
Example
b
Not hearing planes
overhead
d
Operant conditioning
e
f
Classical conditioning
g
h
i
k
j
An octopus opening
a jar for fish
l
Goslings following
their mother
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Biology
242
Development of Behavior
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SECTION 44-2 REVIEW
TYPES OF ANIMAL BEHAVIOR
VOCABULARY REVIEW Define the following terms.
1. dominance hierarchy _____________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. aposematic coloration _____________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. pheromone _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
4. circadian rhythm _________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank.
_____ 1. The optimality hypothesis helps to explain
a. courtship behavior.
c. parental behavior.
b. dominance hierarchies.
d. feeding behavior.
_____ 2. An animal may establish and defend a territory by using
a. chemical signals.b. vocal signals. c. visual signals.
d. All of the above
_____ 3. A mating system in which a male mates with multiple females is called
a. male polygamy. b. female polygamy. c. monogamy.
d. sexual selection.
_____ 4. Social behavior is defined as an interaction that involves
a. several species.
b. sacrificing one’s own security to help another.
c. two or more animals of the same species.
d. None of the above
_____ 5. Hibernation is associated with
a. circadian rhythms.
b. annual biological cycles.
c. migration.
d. days becoming longer in the springtime.
Modern Biology Study Guide
243
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SHORT ANSWER Answer the questions in the space provided.
1. What is the usual outcome of aggressive behavior? _____________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. Describe a situation in which monogamy would be favored. ______________
_______________________________________________________________
3. Contrast the costs and benefits of parental care. ________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
4. List the criteria that must be met for communication to be considered
language. _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
5. Critical Thinking Crossbills are birds that use their beaks to eat the seeds of
pine cones. One day, a flock of crossbills feeds in a single pine tree for several
hours. On another day, the same flock moves from tree to tree as it feeds.
Explain these behaviors.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS The table below lists several examples of
behaviors. Complete the table by filling in the missing behavior.
Behavior
Example
a
A ground squirrel giving an alarm call
b
Owls hunting at night and resting during the day
c
d
Monarch butterflies traveling to Mexico for the winter
Male and female mourning doves bowing and cooing
to each other
e
Head-butting in bighorn sheep
f
A cat urinating on bushes in its neighborhood
g
Pecking orders in chickens
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Biology
244
Development of Behavior