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General Zoology – Biology 2154
Lab 30 – Echinoderms and Chordates
Questions to answer in lab manual:
 Any associated with below activities unless noted
 Laboratory Review #1 – 18
Activities to complete:
 30.1 Phylum Echinodermata (Echinoderms)
o Observation: Diverstiy of Echinoderms
 Table 30.1 Echinoderm Diversity (record in notebook)
o Observation: Anatomy of a Sea Star
 External Anatomy #1 – 8
 Internal Anatomy #1 – 11
 30.2 Phylum Chordata (Chordates)
o Invertebrate Chordates #1 and 2
o Observation: Lancelet Anatomy
 Preserved Specimen #1 -4
 30.3 Phylum Vertebrata (Vertebrates)
o Observation: External Anatomy of Frog #1- 5
o Observation: Internal Anatomy of Frog
 Mouth #1 – 6
 Opening the Frog #1 – 4
 Respiratory System and Liver #1 – 3
 Circulatory System #1 and 2
 Digestive Tract #1 and 2
 Accessory Glands #1 and 2
 Urogenital System #1 – 8
 Nervous System
o Once finished with the frog, do the work through all of the related 30.4
activities before discarding and moving on to the next dissection.

30.4 Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy (exclude all material related to pig)
o Do only one dissection at a time (perch or pigeon) and complete all of the
activities below before discarding and moving on to the third dissection.
o Observation: External Anatomy of Vertebrates #1 only
 Table 30.2 Comparison of External Features (record in notebook)
o Observation: Internal Anatomy of Vertebrates #1 - 3
 Circulatory Systems #1, 2, 5 – 10 (use fig. 30.14 in lab book to answer)
 Table 30.3 Comparative Circulatory Systems (record in notebook)
 Respiratory Systems #1 – 5 (exclude explanation in 3)
 Table 30.4 Respiratory Systems (record in notebook)
 Digestive Systems #1 – 5
 Urogenital Systems #1 and 2
Drawings and associated structures to include in the notebook (based on YOUR
dissections/slides and not the book’s):
 Seastar
o Mouth, ambulacral groove, tube feet, radial canal, sieve plate, cardiac and
pyloric stomach, digestive glands, gonads, ampullae, stone canal, and ring canal
 Frog (be able to distinguish male and female)
o

Perch
o

Tympanum, external nares, auditory tube, maxillary and vomerine teeth, glottis,
trachea, esophagus, lungs, liver, gallbladder, heart, atria, ventricle, stomach, small and
large intestine, cloaca, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, fat bodies, testes and vas efferentia
(male), ovaries and oviducts (female), urinary bladder, and brain
Heart, kidney, liver, stomach, intestine, gonad, and site of air bladder
Pigeon
o
Trachea, esophagus, lungs, liver, gallbladder, heart, atria, ventricle, crop, gizzard,
intestines, kidneys, ureter, and cloaca
The following should have also been included in your notebook from the above activities:
 Table30.1 Echnioderm Diversity
 Table 30.2 Comparison of External Features
 Table 30.3 Comparative Circulatory Systems
 Table 30.4 Respiratory Systems