Download Name: Date: World Civ. World Civilizations Midterm Exam Study

Name:
Date:
World Civ.
World Civilizations Midterm Exam Study Guide
Directions: Be able to identify and provide the significance of the following.
Renaissance



Time period late 1300’s-early
1600’s
Causesdeath, increase in city
populations, renewed interest in
classical (Greek & Roman
culture) learning & literature
Effects increased trade, less
interest in religion (secular), rise
of the merchant class (spreads
from Italy to Northern Europe)
Define and Explain:
 “Renaissance man”person
who’s talented in a lot of
different fields (ex: DaVinci)
 Humanism focuses on
individual achievement, worth
of the individualbelief that the
human mind is limitless
 Secularism dealing more with
worldly issues, not really
religious



Classicism interest in Greek &
Roman culture
Scholarship emphasis on
reason, learning, & a
questioning attitude
Features of Renaissance Art  4
features (Individualism,
Scholarship, Classicism,
Secularismsee Basic Features
of Renaissance Art on School
Wires)
People:
 Niccolo Machiavelli political
philosopher, wrote The Prince
(guidebook for how to be a ruler)
“It’s better to be feared than loved”
& “the end justifies the
mean”written for Lorenzo de
Medici
 Leonardo Da Vincipainter, writer,
sculptor, philosopher, inventor
(Renaissance Man) painted Last
Supper & Mona Lisa
Protestant Reformation
 Time Period late 1500’s to mid1600’s (happening during the
Renaissance in Germany)
 Causes Martin Luther had issues
with the Catholic Church
(indulgences, church corruption) &
posted his 95 Theses on the church
door in Wittenburg, Germany
 Effects The Catholic Church
splitsCatholics & Protestants (a lot
of different Protestant
denominations *see Chart on School
Wires; different religions leads to a
lot of religious wars
Define and Explain:
 Ninety-five Theses list of Luther’s
complaints with the Catholic
Church (I got 95 Theses but the
Pope ain’t one)




Edict of Worms (also known as
the Diet at Worms) meeting
between Luther & the Churchthe
Church wanted Luther to recant
(take back) his works; Luther didn’t
Council of Trent A bunch of
meetings where the Catholic
Church was going to look at the
complaints the Protestants had & try
to simplify church teachings
Counter-Reformation
Reforms/changes the Catholic
Church makes to itself in response
to the Protestant Reformation
Printing press movable type
printing press; made printing
books/papers quicker & cheaper
(didn’t have to be written by hand
anymore)
 EffectsGave people access
to new ideas; cheaper books
=everyone could buy them;
quickly printed books =
ideas spread through Europe
quickly
People:
 Johannes Gutenberg invented the
movable type printing press
 Martin Luther German monk;
wrote 95 Theses; challenged Church
authority; Lutheranism named after
him; work started the Protestant
Reformation
Age of Exploration
 Time period 1400’s – 1700’s
 Causes  Europeans wanted a faster
route to Asia (trade goods, spices,
gold, silk, perfume) 3 G’s gold,
glory, God (money, fame, religious
converts Christians looking for
people to convert to their religion)
 Effects  New lands ‘discovered’
slavery increases, trade increases,
diseases spread (Columbian
Exchangegoods, plants, animals,
diseases between Old & New World)
 Countries involved and why Spain,
Portugal, France, England, The
Dutch looking for more land
(colonies: goods, slavesdon’t need
to depend on other countries for
trade if you have colonies to supply
you with goods)
Define and Explain:
 Astrolabe used to calculate
location using stars
 Encomienda system system where
if you moved to Central and South
America from Spain the Spanish
government gave you land and a
bunch of Native American slaves to
work the land in exchange for you
teaching the Native American slaves
Christianity (Bartolome de las Casas
thought it was cruel to use Native
American slaves and suggested that
the Spanish use Africans instead)
 Mercantilism system where a
nation’s power is based on
wealthgain wealth by having
colonies and not depending on
anyone else for trade
 Slave trade  Portugal, The Dutch,
Africa. Slaves were
captured/kidnapped and taken on a
long journey from Africa to the New
World very dangerous and a lot

of people died (journey called
Middle Passage)
Triangular Trade: route from
Europe to Africa to Americas and
back. Start in Europe with weapons,
rum, etc. go to Africa trade
weapons, rum, etc. for slaves, go to
New World (North & South
America) drop off slaves and pick
up rum, sugar, cotton & bring it
back to Europe & start all over again
Directions: Be able to locate the following on a map.
Asia
1. Afghanistan
2. Cambodia
3. China
4. India
5. Iran
6. Indonesia
7. Iraq
8. Israel
9. Japan
10. Kuwait
11. Laos
12. Malaysia
13. Mongolia
14. Nepal
15. North Korea
16. Pakistan
17. Philippines
18. Saudi Arabia
19. South Korea
20. Thailand
21. Turkey
22. Vietnam
23. Yemen
Europe
1. Austria
2. Belgium
3. Bulgaria
4. Czech Republic
5. Denmark
6. Finland
7. France
8. Germany
9. Great Britain
10. Greece
11. Hungary
12. Ireland
13. Italy
14. Netherlands
15. Norway
16. Poland
17. Portugal
18. Romania
19. Slovakia
20. Spain
21. Sweden
22. Switzerland
23. Ukraine