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Big ideas • The process of evolu3on drives the diversity and unity of life. • Biological systems u3lize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, reproduce and maintain homeostasis. • Living systems store, retrieve, transmit and respond to informa3on essen3al to life processes. • Biological systems interact, and these systems possess complex proper3es. 1. What are Cnidarians? 2.Cnidarians –s3nging celled animals 3. Examples are: anemone hydra 1. What are Cnidarians? 2. Traits of Cnidarians 3. cnidocytes-‐ s3nging cells 4. contain nematocysts (barbs) w/toxin 3. Two cell layers separated by mesoglea * endoderm/ectoderm 3. Nerve net responds to s3muli 3. Gastrovascular cavity to digest food 3. Radial symmetry Ac3vity: Dichotomous key of invertebrates symmetry • Asymmetrical-‐ no definite shape • Radial symmetry-‐ top & boVom but no leW or right sides • Bilateral symmetry-‐ head, rear, right & leW sides-‐ can be split down the center • Exoskeleton vs. no skeleton vs. endoskeleton • appendages: wings, arms, legs, tail • Tentacles (are flexible) vs. spines (s3ff) • FlaVened body (pancake like) – vs. cylindrical (tube like) Number a paper 1-‐6 and 1-‐6 again for an open note quiz Open note quiz • 1. What do all Cnidarians have in common on their tentacles? • 2. T/F A nematocyst is the barbed structure inside a s3nging cell. • 3. T/F Cnidarians have a brain. Open note quiz • 4. What type of symmetry is characteris3c of jellyfish, hydra and anemones? (asymmetry, radial, bilateral) • 5.Arthropods, including insects, have an (exoskeleton, endoskeleton). • 6. The octopus & clam belong to the phylum (Arthropoda, Mollusca) 1. How are Cnidarians classified & what are their traits? 2. Class Hydrozoa 3. examples: hydra, Portuguese Man-‐o-‐war, obelia Portuguese Man of War hVp://video.na3onalgeographic.com/video/animals/invertebrates-‐animals/ other-‐invertebrates/manowar_portuguese/ 1. How are Cnidarians classified & what are their traits? 2. Hydrozoans feed by paralyzing prey 3. push food into mouth with tentacles hVp://teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=128535 1. How are Cnidarians classified & what are their traits? 2. Hydrozoans reproduce asexually by budding 3. Does not create gene3c diversity 1. How are Cnidarians classified & what are their traits? 2. Hydrozoans reproduce sexually with sperm & egg 3. Creates gene3c diversity Hydra lab Humpback whale baleen Open note quiz • 1. The opening through which water leaves a sponge is called the (os3a, osculum). • 2. A sponge that is soW and flexible is made mostly of (spongin, spicules) • 3. Budding is an example of (asexual, sexual) reproduc3on. • 4. A tree like body shape is called a (medusa, polyp). • 5. Cnidarians have (radial, bilateral) symmetry • 6. How are coral reefs most threatened? 1. How are Cnidarians classified & what are their traits? Con3nued 2. Class Anthozoa: “flower animals” 3. examples: coral, anemones, Many types of anemones! 3. All adults are POLYP shaped 1. How are Cnidarians classified & what are their traits? Con3nued 3. Coral polyps share a mutualistic relationship with algae 4. algae use the coral waste for nutrients & coral gets oxygen & nutrients from algae Mushroom coral Ancient Lobe Coral 3. Anthozoans can reproduce sexually and asexually 3. Types of coral reefs Coral reefs endangered 1. How are Cnidarians classified & what are their traits? Con3nued 3. Importance of coral reefs 4. provide habitat & food for other organisms 4. removes carbon dioxide from water to build skeletons-this reduces global warming effects 1. Class Scyphozoa-‐ true jellyfish Jellyfish at Shedd aquarium 1. How have sponges and cnidarians evolved? 2. Cladograms show common ancestors and traits * common trait: * different trait: 1. How do sponges & cnidarians get food energy to build bodies? 2. Heterotrophs consume food for energy 3. digested food is used to build new carbohydrates, fats, and proteins 1. How do sponges & cnidarians store & transmit gene3c informa3on? 2. DNA is passed on by asexual & sexual reproduction 2. DNA codes for proteins for various jobs 3. body building 3. enzymes for chemical reactions 3. cell channels for diffusion & active transport
