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MUSICAL TERMS A CAPPELLA ACCELERANDO Choral singing without instrumental accompaniment Quickening or getting faster ACCOMPAGNATO Accompanied ADAGIO Quite slow ALLEGRO Quick and lively *ARIA A TEMPO Lyric song for solo voice and orchestral accompaniment Return to the original tempo RITARDANDO (RIT.) gradually slow down *BINARY FORM Two part song (A-B); normally repeated *BLUE NOTE A slight drop of pitch on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th tone of the scale. Found in blues and jazz. Virtuosic improvised passage at the end of the song French song, set to courtly and popular poetry Baroque congregational hymn of the German Lutheran church With love *CADENZA *CHANSON CHORALE *CON AMORE CON BRIO With spirit CON FUOCO With fire CRESCENDO (cresc. or <) gradually get louder DECRESCENDO (decresc. or >) gradually get softer DIMINUENDO (dim. Or >) gradually get softer FORTE (F) Loud PIANO (p) soft MEZZO FORTE (mf) medium loud MEZZO PIANO (mp) medium soft FORTISSIMO (FF) very loud PIANISSIMO (pp) very soft *DOCTRINE OF AFFECTIONS DOLCE Belief in the Baroque period that the aim of music is to excite or move the passions Sweetly DOLENTE Sad, weeping FUGUE MESTO Polyphonic form in which one or more themes are developed in imitative texture Distance and relationship between two pitches Sad OCTAVE Comprised of 8 notes PENTATONIC SCALE A scale comprised of 5 notes, found in African, far Eastern and American Indian music Stacking notes in 4ths INTERVAL QUARTAL HARMONY STACCATO “borrowed time” in Romantic music, the performer would hesitate or hurries giving a flexible feeling of time Roman Catholic musical work for the dead Italian jumping dance characterized by triplets in 4/4 time Short and separated *TERRACED DYNAMICS Volume level shifts abruptly either from soft to loud or loud to soft VIVACE lively LENTO Very slow RUBATO REQUIEM MASS *SALTARELLO LARGO LEGATO *FALSETTO ANDANTE PRESTO *TENUTO *CONTRALTO Very slow tempo Smooth and connected Light and airy created by using the highest vocal folds above those used in speech and normal range in singing. Not to be confused by head voice register. Moderately slow, faster than Adagio. Tempo at a walking pace. A very fast and quick tempo. A note receives longer duration in either dynamics or length. Characterized by a dash above/below the note head. The lowest female singing voice typically with the range of a F below middle C to two Fs above middle C. TEMPO MARKINGS (slowest to fastest) *BE ABLE TO LIST IN ORDER AND NAME THE BPM FOR EACH TERM BPM (Beats per minute) Lento Largo Adagio Andante Allegro Vivace Presto