Download 7Unit4Ch.10Rockcycle-and-mineral-uses

Rock cycle
How to make a rock
Did you know that rocks recycle themselves? Rocks are constantly being heated
up, cooled down, worn away and put under pressure – this changes the rocks
and makes new ones. This takes a rrreeeeaaaallllyyyy lllloooonnnngggg
ttttiiiimmmmeeee.
Remember there are 3 kinds of rocks:
 Sedimentary (layers)
 Igneous (molten rocks)
 Metamorphic (heat, pressure, hot liquids)
They can get changed by:
1. Weathering and erosion – Any rock can get broken down into smaller
pieces (sediment) and carried away – after some compaction and
cementation, this will make new Sedimentary rocks
2. Heat and pressure – Sedimentary and Igneous can be put under heat
and pressure to make Metamorphic rock
3. Melting – Rocks can sink down into the earth’s crust where the heat and
pressure turns them back into Magma. After that, they cool and
crystallize turning into Igneous rocks.
Do
Reading Check pg. 343 Q1-4.
Do Rock Cycle lab activity.
Rock and mineral uses
We use rocks and minerals in many ways to improve our lives. We use them
because of their different properties.
Granite – very hard and stable –
used as a building material like
countertops.
Pumice – a soft rock – used as a skin scrubber.
Geologists search for minerals, ores and rocks that can
be mined and used.
This exploration of the earth’s crust is done for
economic reasons (to make money). Rocks and
minerals that are mined and used for a specific
purpose are called Resources.
As the technologies get better, we can use rocks and
minerals for more purposes.
Some Rock and Mineral resources
Petroleum and coal comes from dead plants and animals
that lived in ancient oceans. Petroleum is used to make fuel
and plastic.
Metals like gold, silver, copper, iron, zinc,
aluminum and nickel are used to make
cars, appliances, computers and tools
Gems are minerals that are brighter and more colourful than most
samples of that mineral. Diamond is a rare and beautiful gem that can
be used in jewellery, but since it is the hardest mineral, it is also used on
drill bits and saw blades to cut through really hard things like steel and rock.
See Page 346 in your book for more Rock and Mineral resources in NL.
What are some ways you use rocks and minerals in your everyday life?
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Newfoundland and Labrador has a big mining
history. Here are some minerals and where they
are now being mined in Newfoundland and
Labrador
Iron ore: Labrador City
Gold: Nugget Pond, on the Baie Verte Peninsula
Granite: Lumsden, near Musgrave Harbour
Slate: Burgoyne’s Cove, near Clarenville
Gypsum: Flat Bay, near Stephenville
Nickel - Voisey’s Bay