Download round 05 - Quizbowl Packet

VCU Winter Tournament 2011
Round 5
Questions by Vanderbilt University and VCU
TOSSUPS
1. When followed by the word “phala,” this word refers to the fruits of one’s actions. Unlike jnana,
bhakti, and raja, this term refers to the yoga governing the “path of right action.” In Hinduism, this
concept serves as the central theodicy of the problem of evil and as the most important reason to
live a virtuous life, because good or bad actions can have an effect on the future of a person’s life. For 10
points, name this concept from eastern religions which governs the accumulation of good deeds that
affects the fate of the soul.
ANSWER: karma
2. An effort to replace coal miners with convicts in this state’s Anderson County led to the Coal
Creek War. The decorated World War I hero Alvin York hailed from this state. During the Civil
War, Ulysses Grant captured Fort Donelson in this state, and the battles of Stones River and
Murfreesboro occurred in this state. Clarence Darrow faced off against William Jennings Bryan in
the Scopes Monkey Trial in this state. For 10 points, name this southern state where thousands died at the
“Hornet’s Nest” at the Battle of Shiloh, and which has its capital at Nashville.
ANSWER: Tennessee
3. A cube extrudes from a white triangular structure in one building designed by this man. That
building lies across the Charles River from the Winthrop house, and is called the John F. Kennedy
Presidential Library. This man used a triangular framework to distribute the weight of the Bank of
China Tower in Hong Kong. Another building designed by this man lies on the shores of Lake Erie, and
that building is the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. For 10 points, identify this designer of a glass and steel
pyramids located in front of the Louvre.
ANSWER: Ieoh Ming Pei
4. The cultivar of this crop sold commercially was almost exclusively the Gros Michel until a 1950s
epidemic, a fate which may be approaching the currently dominant "Cavendish" strand. People
who made their fortunes with this crop include the Vaccaro Brothers and Sam Zemurray, who
hired Lee Christmas to overthrow the Honduran government to protect his interests in it. Pressure from
another company centered on this crop caused Eisenhower to order the CIA to overthrow Jacopo Arbenz
in Guatemala. For 10 points, name this fruit that is the namesake of an unstable and corrupt variety of
"republic."
ANSWER: bananas
5. Random permutations of the objects involved in this process are generated until the correct
permutation is found in the bogo type of this process. If the values of the elements involved come
from a known finite set like the integers, then the radix one of these processes is appropriate. Other
methods include a divide-and-conquer algorithm using a pivot value, and, in another type of this
process, "rabbits" are put in the correct place very quickly, while "turtles" find their way through the
list slowly. For 10 points, quick and bubble are types of which algorithms that arrange the elements of a
list in ascending or descending order.
ANSWER: sorting algorithms [accept bogosort before "bogo" is read]
6. This man first rose to prominence after he developed a plan to regain the port city of Toulon
from British control. His use of artillery in crowd control was later termed by Thomas Carlyle as a
“whiff of grapeshot.” He suffered his first major loss in Egypt, where the British navy handily
defeated his forces at the Battle of the Nile. Following the Treaty of Luneville and the Treaty of
Amiens, ending the wars of the Second Coalition, he held a plebiscite to confirm his position as head
of state. For 10 points, name this man, the leader who in 1804 crowned himself Emperor of France.
ANSWER: Napoleon Bonaparte I [accept either underlined portion]
7. Melek Taus, the chief angel in the Yazidi faith is in the form of this animal. Ganesh's brother
Karithekya rides one of these animals as his mount. In one of Aesop's fables, this bird expresses his
jealousy of the nightingale's song to Hera. In Greek mythology, this bird was created when the
watchman giant Argus was lulled to sleep and killed by Hermes. Argus' one hundred eyes were placed
on this bird's tail feathers. For 10 points, name this proud bird that was sacred to Hera.
ANSWER: peacocks [or peafowl]
8. In this work, the author notes the simultaneous growth of Catholicism and lapse of Catholics. In
this work, the author argues that an extensive, degrading despotism that keeps citizens in
"perpetual childhood" is a fundamental obstacle to the title concept. This work examines trial by
jury and its role in preventing a "tyranny of the majority." This work was published in two volumes
five years apart. For 10 points, name this work inspired by the visit to the United States by its author
Alexis de Toqueville.
ANSWER: Democracy in America
9. This man provided justification for the work of Arrhenius pertaining to the dissociation of
electrolytes in a solution, and he established that carbon compounds which consist of four different
substituents are tetrahedral in terms of stereochemistry. This scientist concluded that for any
chemical reaction, the thermodynamic change in temperature can be related to the enthalpy by
taking the natural logarithm of the equilibrium constant and plotting it versus the reciprocal of the
temperature, with the slope yielding his namesake equation. For 10 points, name this Dutch chemist who
names a factor that measures the effect of a solute upon colligative properties.
ANSWER: Jacobus Henricus van’t Hoff
10. This composer’s fourth and final symphony was commissioned by the French government to
celebrate Louis-Philippe and termed the Funeral and Triumphal Symphony. He used the second and
fourth books of the Aeneid to write his own libretto for his massive opera Les Troyens. This
composer pioneered a theme recurring in an entire work, known as idee fixe. This composer's most
famous work has sections titled "A Ball," "Dream of a Witches Sabbath," and "March to the Scaffold."
For 10 points, name this composer of Harold in Italy, Romeo and Juliet, and Symphonie Fantastique.
ANSWER: Louis-Hector Berlioz
11. One occupant of this office was jeered at a baseball game during a scandal over tainted canned
fish known as “Tunagate.” One of them clashed with the Governor General in the King-Byng
Affair and another was forced to resign by the Pacific Scandal. A longtime holder of this office, who
responded to the October Crisis and was caught on film mocking Queen Elizabeth, was Pierre
Trudeau. Its current occupant asked the Governor-General to “prorogue” Parliament and succeeded Paul
Martin in 2006. For 10 points, identify this position, currently held by the Conservative Party’s Stephen
Harper, who leads the government of a North American country.
ANSWER: Prime Minister of Canada (prompt on “prime minister”)
12. A single off this singer’s fifth album contains a sample of a song by British rock band King
Crimson. A Jimmy Kimmel Live! sketch saw Josh Groban performing this artist’s tweets including
declaring that this artist “makes awesome decisions in bike stores.” A song by this singer asks “God
show me the way because the Devil trying to break me down.” This singer was brought to
prominence by a song that opens with Jamie Foxx declaring that “She take my money, well I'm in need.
Yeah, she’s a trifling friend indeed.” For 10 points, name this rapper and producer of “Power,” “Jesus
Walks,” and “Gold Digger.”
ANSWER: Kanye West
13. The title character of one play by this man takes Andrea Sarti as his pupil and lives with his
daughter Virginia. In one of this author’s plays, Azdak draws the title object after hearing of
Grusha’s actions. In addition to The Caucasian Chalk Circle, this writer penned the lyrics to the
song “Pirate Jenny” for a work adopted from a John Gay opera. Another play by this author sees
the title character drive a wagon during the Thirty Years War with her children Eilif, Swiss Cheese, and
the mute Kattrin. For 10 points, name this German playwright of the Three Penny Opera and Mother
Courage and her Children.
ANSWER: Bertolt Brecht
14. In one of his poems, the speaker sees a spider and a flower and asks if the title concept "govern
in a thing so small." In addition to "Design," this poet also wrote that if the world "had to perish
twice," it could suitably be destroyed with both "Fire and Ice." In another poem, the pines and the
apple orchard are separated by the title structure, while in another poem, the speaker notes that it
"has made all the difference" that he "took the one less traveled by." For 10 points, name this poet who
used the motif, "Good fences make good neighbors" in "Mending Wall" and wrote "The Road Not
Taken."
ANSWER: Robert Lee Frost
15. This man sent a man named Hon Yost to give distorted information about the number of troops
he commanded in an effort to lift the siege of Fort Stanwix. He shared credit with Ethan Allen and
the Green Mountain Boys in capturing Jonathan Trumbull and taking Fort Ticonderoga. He
disobeyed orders in leading an assault at Saratoga, wounding his leg. This man is best known for his
association with Major Andre during his command of the fort at West Point. For 10 points, name this
traitor during the Revolutionary War.
ANSWER: Benedict Arnold
16. This poet praised a thing that never “asked a crumb of me” and “perches in the soul” in a poem
that begins “Hope is the thing with feathers.” This author wrote that “the stillness round my form
was like the stillness in the air” in a poem in which “I heard a fly buzz when I died.” She wrote
about a character who “kindly stopped for me” in a carriage containing “Immortality” in “Because I
Could Not Stop for Death.” For 10 points, name this reclusive Massachusetts poet known as “The Belle
of Amherst.”
ANSWER: Emily Dickinson
17. The "overlap-extension" type of this process allows the construction of a certain sequence to
extend past the longest primer, making it possible to produce polynucleotides from much smaller
fragments. In this process, single-strand DNA segments are produced, enzymatic activity reforms
the DNA, and various temperature changes allow the newly-formed DNA to remain in a stable
conformation. For 10 points, name this biological technique of amplifying DNA, which consists of a
denaturation and annealing step.
ANSWER: polymerase chain reaction (or PCR)
18. This artist painted the upper body of a nude woman with flowing black hair and a red halo in
Madonna, which was stolen from his namesake museum in 2004. He painted a person in black
leaning over a gaunt tubercular redheaded patient sitting up in bed in his The Sick Child. Many of
his works were painted for a series called the Frieze of Life. In another of his paintings, two figures
look on in the background as a man stands on a pier under an orange sky and holds his hands to his face.
For 10 points, name this Norwegian artist of The Scream.
ANSWER: Edvard Munch
19.This experiment was proposed as a reaction to an article written by Einstein, Podolsky, and
Rosen about the strange nature of quantum entanglement. It illustrates the problem of The
Copenhagen Interpretation applied to everyday objects, and it attempts to illustrate the paradox
that occurs when subatomic particles are not in a definite state. In it, an atom's random radioactive
decay causes the breaking of a vial of poison. For 10 points, name the thought experiment involving a
living creature that may or may not be dead.
ANSWER: Schrödinger's cat
20. This poet describes a weary knight who dreams of a surreal encounter with a "faery’s child"
before waking in the same position, in La Belle Dame sans Merci. This poet who addressed a
"season of mists and mellow fruitfulness" in "To Autumn" also addressed a "light-winged dryad of
the trees." In addition to Ode to a Nightingale, this poet also penned the lines "Beauty is truth, and
truth beauty – that is all / you know on Earth, and all you need to know." For 10 points, name this man,
the last of the English Romantic poets, remembered for penning Ode to a Grecian Urn.
ANSWER: John Keats
TIE. This man used vines to descend Mount Vesuvius in a decisive victory. This man's forces had
arrived at Vesuvius from nearby Capua. One follower of this man, Crixus, took some of this
leader's forces and was later defeated. This man defeated Lentulus and Gellius, two consuls, but his
success would end thanks to the command of Marcus Licinius Crassus. Followers of this leader were
crucified for their actions. For 10 points, name this man who from 73 to 71 BCE led a slave revolt of
gladiators against Rome.
ANSWER: Spartacus
BONUSES
1. This figure was chosen after Samuel rejected his brothers while this man was tending his father Jesse’s
flocks. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this biblical king that as a young man defeated the Philistine giant Goliath using a sling and a
rock.
ANSWER: David
[10] This son of Saul and friend of David warns David of Saul’s paranoid attempts to be rid of him,
before dying with his brothers and father at Mount Gilboa.
ANSWER: Jonathan
[10] David, after watching this woman bathing, sends her husband Uriah to be abandoned on the
battlefield, before taking this woman as his wife.
ANSWER: Bathsheba
2. For 10 points each, name these figures of the Thirty Years War:
[10] As crown prince of the Holy Roman Empire, this man sent two Catholic envoys to Prague that would
be ill-received. This man spearheaded the Catholic forces of the Thirty Years War against the Protestants.
ANSWER: Ferdinand II
[10] This Cardinal served as minister to Louis XIII, monetarily supported the Protestant forces in the 30
Years’ War while simultaneously crushing Huguenot revolts.
ANSWER: Cardinal Richelieu
[10] Achieving great victories at Breitenfeld and Lech, this Swedish Commander rallied the Protestant
forces against the Catholics. However he did not live to see the end of the war as he was killed at the
Battle of Lützen.
ANSWER: Gustavus Adolphus (or Gustav II Adolf)
3. Identify these facts about the Sun, for 10 points each.
[10] This lowest layer of the Sun's atmosphere is the most visible layer on Earth; its temperature is a cool
five thousand eight hundred Kelvin.
ANSWER: photosphere
[10] Much hotter than the photosphere is this outermost layer with very low density.
ANSWER: corona
[10] This is the most abundant element in the Sun. Through the proton-proton chain, four atoms of this
element become one atom of helium, and energy is released.
ANSWER: Hydrogen
4. This franchise defeated the Seahawks in order to face their division rival for the first time in the
playoffs since 1941. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this team that lost that game on January 23, 2011 at its home stadium, Soldier Field, under the
coaching of Lovie Smith.
ANSWER: Chicago Bears
[10] This starting quarterback was drafted out of Vanderbilt in 2006 by the Denver Broncos before being
traded to the Bears in 2009. Fans burned his jersey after the loss for leaving the team’s chances in the notso-capable hands of Caleb Hanie.
ANSWER: Jay Cutler
[10] This defensive end signed out of Manitoba had a breakout season for the Bears in 2010 and in 2007
had a streak of three consecutive games in which he blocked a field goal or extra point attempt.
ANSWER: Israel Idonije
5. This character kills a messenger and then hangs himself at the end of the book he appears in. For 10
points each:
[10] Identify this protagonist of Things Fall Apart.
ANSWER: Okonkwo
[10] Things Fall Apart was written by this Nigerian author of No Longer at Ease.
ANSWER: Albert Chinua Achebe
[10] Things Fall Apart is largely set in this village. Okonkwo is exiled from this place for seven years
after his gun explodes and kills a boy.
ANSWER: Umuofia
6. He began to teach philosophy at Edinburgh in 1751, after which he produced his own philosophical
treatise. For 10 points:
[10] Name this thinker who published his magnum opus The Wealth of Nations in 1776.
ANSWER: Adam Smith
[10] This term, coined by Smith, describes the self-regulating tendencies of the economy. This concept
lays the foundation for Smith’s own leanings toward “laissez-faire” economics.
ANSWER: “Invisible hand” theory
[10] In The Wealth of Nations, Smith illustrated the importance of the Division of Labor with an example
about a factory producing these objects.
ANSWER: pins
7. It sits in a 27 kilometer long circular tunnel, straddling the border between Switzerland and France. For
10 points each:
[10] Name this machine in Europe that is the world's largest high energy particle accelerator.
ANSWER: Large Hadron Collider (or LHC)
[10] The experiments being performed could prove the existence of this "god" particle, which would
explain the origin of the universe's mass.
ANSWER: Higgs boson particle
[10] The LHC's Compact Muon Solenoid experiment is involved in the search for evidence for this theory,
which states that for every particle there exists another particle that differs by half of a unit of spin.
ANSWER: supersymmetry (or SUSY)
8. For centuries Russia was ruled by the all-powerful czar. For 10 points each:
[10] This man enacted several liberal reforms, including the Emancipation Edict that freed the serfs and
the creation of the Zemstvo, a new institution of locally elected government.
ANSWER: Alexander II
[10] This successor to Czar Alexander II reversed his predecessor’s liberal policies, instead choosing to
cease social reform in favor of economic development with the help of Sergei Witte, his capable Minister
of Finance.
ANSWER: Alexander III
[10] Czar Alexander III's son Nicholas II, was forced to issue this 1905 decree, which promised a
constitution, guarantees for civil liberties, and the establishment of an elected legislative body, the Duma.
ANSWER: October Manifesto
9. During this man’s Presidency, the Stimson doctrine was presented in order to counter Japan’s seizure
of Manchuria. For 10 points each:
[10] Identify this man who, despite being a Republican, won a myriad of Democratic states in his election
against a staunch Catholic opponent, Alfred Smith, to become the 31st President of the US.
ANSWER: Herbert Clark Hoover
[10] During Hoover’s presidency, this 1930 act increased tariffs on agricultural and industrial goods.
Many economists surmise that the passage of this act drove the economy into the Great Depression.
ANSWER: Smoot-Hawley Tariff (or Hawley-Smoot tariff)
[10] Led by Walter Waters, this group of World War I veterans marched to Washington to protest the
government’s reluctance to provide them with money which was promised to them earlier.
ANSWER: Bonus Army
10. Identify these characters from Hamlet, for 10 points each.
[10] This character loses her mind over the course of the play. The finding of her drowned body is
announced in Act IV.
ANSWER: Ophelia
[10] This court jester was deceased before the opening of the play, but his skull evokes a monologue from
Hamlet on the vile effects of death.
ANSWER: Yorick
[10] This character arrives in the final act of the play, delivering the final lines and ordering that Hamlet’s
body be carried away in honor.
ANSWER: Fortinbras
11. Name some colonial American authors, for 10 points each.
[10] Michael G. Runyan published some edited verses of this one time governor and author of a History
of Plymouth Plantation.
ANSWER: William Bradford
[10] This poet wrote "The world no longer let me love, my hope and treasure lyes above" in "Upon the
Burning of Our House, July 10th, 1666." She wrote the poetry collection The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung
up in America.
ANSWER: Anne Dudley Bradstreet [accept either underlined portion]
[10] This explorer published the tales of his adventures in Russia and America, popularizing the story of
his relationship with Pocahontas.
ANSWER: John Smith
12. This group of elements gets its name from an element whose reactivity is similar to lanthanum. For 10
points each:
[10] Identify this group of chemical elements associated with the f block of the periodic table, which
consists of elements such as Thorium and Californium.
ANSWER: actinide series
[10] Consisting of 3 naturally-occurring isotopes, this element's decay is thought to provide much of the
heat that keeps the earth's outer core liquid. Its 235 isotope is frequently used in nuclear reactors.
ANSWER: Uranium (or U)
[10] This member of the actinides, with atomic number 100, was found in the debris of the first hydrogen
bomb explosion, and is named for an Italian physicist.
ANSWER: Fermium (or Fm)
13. This ballet begins with the song “The Open Prairie” and the title figure’s mother is killed by a bandit.
For 10 points each:
[10] Name this ballet in which the title outlaw is caught and shot by Pat Garrett.
ANSWER: Billy the Kid
[10] This American composed both Appalachian Spring and Billy the Kid.
ANSWER: Aaron Copland
[10] In addition to choreographing Stravinsky’s The Rite of Spring, this Pennsylvania native
choreographed Copland’s Appalachian Spring.
ANSWER: Martha Graham
14. The ones who lived on Tasmania were exterminated in the “Black War.” For 10 points each:
[10] Identify these native people of Australia, who may hunt with boomerangs and believe in a primordial
time called “the dreaming.”
ANSWER: Aborigines
[10] In addition to conflict between settlers and Aborigines, Australian history also features numerous
outlaw folk heroes, most famously this bucket-wearing bushranger who was captured at Glenrowan in
1880.
ANSWER: Edward “Ned” Kelly
[10] This Australian political party was founded in 1944 by Robert Gordon-Menzies. The more freemarket of the two largest parties, it held power from 1996 to 2007 under John Howard.
ANSWER: Liberal Party
15. According to Keynesian economies, this figure can be decreased by allowing for a temporary increase
of inflation. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this measure of economic health that accounts for the percentage of a region’s workforce that
is without a job.
ANSWER: unemployment
[10] This economic curve plots that hypothetical relationship between inflation and unemployment. It
was considered disproven after the “stagflation” of the 1970s seemed to ignore it.
ANSWER: Phillips Curve
[10] This specific measure of unemployment refers to the natural unemployment found within a healthy
economy due to factors like people searching for new jobs.
ANSWER: frictional unemployment
16. This piece centers around a standard Bedfordshire model purchased from J. L. Mott Iron Works. For
10 points each:
[10] Name this ready-made which consists of an upside-down urinal signed "R. Mutt."
ANSWER: Fountain
[10] Fountain was created by this French Dadaist, who the artist of Nude Descending a Staircase.
ANSWER: Marcel Duchamp
[10] For this work, Duchamp drew facial hair on a cheap postcard reproduction of the Mona Lisa.
ANSWER: L.H.O.O.Q.
17. This man wrote The Piece of String. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this French short story writer who also penned a short story about a woman who borrows a
certain title object and then loses it.
ANSWER: Henri René Albert Guy de Maupassant
[10] Identify that short story which sees Mathilde and her husband work 10 years to pay back the 36,000
francs they borrowed to replace the title object.
ANSWER: "The Diamond Necklace" (or "La Parure”)
[10] This other Maupassant short story sees the large title prostitute pressured to sleep with a Prussian
officer, after which she is shunned.
ANSWER: "Ball-of-Fat" (or "Boule de Suif" or "Suet Dumpling Butterball")
18. The last movement of this work is titled "Neptune, the Mystic." For 10 points each:
[10] Name this collection of seven orchestral pieces.
ANSWER: The Planets, Op. 32
[10] This composer of Choral Hymns from the Rig Veda and Egdon Heath also composed The Planets.
ANSWER: Gustav Holst
[10] This first movement of The Planets is noted for its unusual five-four time signature and its ostinato
of triplet eighth notes, two quarter notes, two eighth notes, and a quarter note.
ANSWER: "Mars, the Bringer of War"
19. After the synthesis of this molecule, the poly A tail and five prime cap are attached, and intron
removal by specialized spliceosomes ensues. For 10 points each:
[10] Identify this single-stranded biological molecule which has a primary role in protein synthesis and
has messenger and transfer types.
ANSWER: ribonucleic acid
[10] Unlike DNA, in RNA, adenine bonds to this nucleic acid instead of thymine.
ANSWER: uracil
[10] In this process, mRNA substituents resulting from transcription are scanned over by ribosomes in the
cytosol, resulting in the pairing of amino acids and the formation of polypeptides and proteins.
ANSWER: translation
20. His sixth avatar is Parashurama, or Rama with an Axe. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this member of the Trimurti, the preserver god of Hinduism with ten principal avatars.
ANSWER: Vishnu
[10] This avatar of Vishnu is a protector of cows and is blue.
ANSWER: Krishna
[10] This consort of Vishnu is married to both Rama and Krishna and is the Hindu goddess of wealth and
fortune.
ANSWER: Lakshmi