Download Name: ______ Date: __________________Per.______ Chapter 35

Name: ______________________________________________________ Date: ______________________Per.__________
Chapter 35 Test Study Guide
America in World War II, 1941-1945
Provide a brief description of the historical significance for each term.
1. Henry Stimson
12. Office of Price Administration
2. A. Philip Randolph
13. WAACs
3. Douglas MacArthur
14. ”Rosie the Riveter”
4. Chester W. Nimitz
15. braceros
5. Dwight D. Eisenhower
16. Fair Employment Practices Commission
6. Joseph Stalin
17. Casablanca Conference
7. Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek)
18. second front
8. Thomas E. Dewey
19. Teheran Conference
9. Harry S. Truman
20. D-Day
10. Albert Einstein
21. Battle of the Bulge
11. War Production Board
22. Potsdam Conference
23. Manhattan Project
24. The fundamental strategic decision of World War II made by President Roosevelt and the British at the very
beginning was to concentrate their efforts where?
25. Once at war, what was America's first great challenge?
26. Overall, how did the war affect most ethnic groups in the United States?
27. Why were Japanese Americans placed in concentration camps during World War II?
28. Which minority group was most adversely affected by Washington's wartime policies?
29. What was the general American attitude toward World War II?
30. In the period from 1885 to 1924, describe the Japanese immigrants to the United States.
31. What was the attitude of most Americans when the United States entered World War II in December 1941?
32. During World War II, the United States government commissioned the production of synthetic
________________________________________ in order to offset the loss of access to prewar supplies in East Asia.
33. Match each of the wartime agencies below with its correct function:
A. War Production Board
1. assigned priorities with respect to the use of raw materials and transportation facilities
B. Office of Price Administration
C. War Labor Board
D. Fair Employment Practices Commission
2. controlled inflation by rationing essential goods
3. imposed ceilings on wage increases
4. saw to it that no hiring discrimination practices were used against blacks seeking
employment in war industries
34. While most American workers were strongly committed to the war effort, wartime production was disrupted by
strikes led by which union group?
35. During World War II, what happens to union membership?
36. The employment of more than six million women in American industry during World War II led to what special
service for children?
37. The main reason the majority of women war workers left the labor force at the end of WW II was due to
_____________________________________________________________________________________________.
38. Describe some of the contributions of African Americans during WWII.
39. Describe the significance of each term:
*
Smith-Connally Act
*
A. Philip Randolph
*
Fair Employment Practices Commission
*
racial discrimination in wartime industry
*
proposed “Negro March on Washington.”
40. During World War II, most Americans economically experienced what changes to personal income?
41. The northward migration of African Americans accelerated after World War II because of what technological innovation?
42. During World War II, what happens to American Indians on reservations?
43. By the end of World War II, the heart of the United States' African- American community had shifted
to____________________________________________________________________________________________.
44. What happens to the national debt during WWII?
45. Most of the money raised to finance World War II came through which means?
46. The first naval battle in history in which all the fighting was done by carrier-based aircraft was the Battle
of_________________________________.
47. The tide of Japanese conquest in the Pacific was turned following the Battle of ____________________________________.
48. The Japanese made a crucial mistake in 1942 in their attempt to control much of the Pacific when they did what?
49. In waging war against Japan, the United States relied mainly on what strategy?
50. The conquest of _________________________________________ in 1944 was especially critical, because from
there Americans could conduct round-trip bombing raids on the Japanese home islands.
51. Until the spring of 1943, perhaps Hitler's greatest opportunity of defeating Britain and winning the war was if he
carried out what strategy?
52. Hitler's advance in the European theater of war crested in late 1942 at the Battle of ___________________________,
after which his fortunes gradually declined.
53. Why did the Allies postpone opening a second front in Europe until 1944?
54. What impact does Roosevelt's and Churchill's insistence on the absolute and “unconditional surrender” of Germany
have after the war?
55. How true was President Roosevelt's promise to the Soviets to open a second front in western Europe by the end of
1942?
56. Arrange these wartime conferences in chronological order: (A) Potsdam, (B) Casablanca, (C) Teheran. Then,
describe the purpose of each.
1.-_____________________________:
2.-_____________________________:
3.-_____________________________:
4.-_____________________________:
57. Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) V-J Day, (B) V-E Day, (C) D Day, (D) Invasion of Italy. Then,
describe the significance of each.
1.-_____________________________:
2.-_____________________________:
3.-_____________________________:
4.-_____________________________:
58. What was the major consequence of the Allied conquest of Sicily in August 1943?
59. After the Italian surrender in August 1943, what does the German army do and what is its impact?
60. According to the textbook, the real impact of the Italian front on World War II may have been what?
61. What important plans were made at the wartime Teheran Conference?
62. Who commanded the cross-channel invasion of Normandy to open a second front in Europe?
63. In a sense, Franklin Roosevelt was the “forgotten man” at the Democratic Convention in 1944 because:
64. Franklin Roosevelt won the election in 1944 primarily due to what factor?
65. Hitler's last-ditch attempt to achieve a victory against the Americans and British came in what maneuver?
66. As a result of the Battle of Leyte Gulf, what happens to Japan’s military power?
67. The Potsdam conference called for what action from Japan?
68. The spending of enormous sums on the original atomic bomb project was justified by what argument?
69. The “unconditional surrender” policy toward Japan was finally modified by agreeing to what action that affected
Emperor Hirohito?
70. Compared to other allied nations, how many casualties did the U.S. suffer?