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Science 30: Unit A 1 Assignment Booklet A1 ASSIGNMENT BOOKLET A1 SCIENCE 30: UNIT A CHAPTER 1 ASSIGNMENT This Assignment Booklet is worth 58 marks out of the total 134 marks for the assignments in Unit A. The value of each assignment and each question is stated in the left margin. Read all parts of your assignment carefully, and record your answers in the appropriate places. If you have difficulty with an assignment, go back to the textbook and review the appropriate lesson. Be sure to proofread your answers carefully before submitting your Assignment Booklet. (58 Marks) (3 marks) Chapter 1 Assignment: Circulation and Immunity 1. Match the following parts of the heart. Place your answers in the blanks provided. a. b. c. d. e. f. aorta right ventricle pulmonary vein septum semilunar valve vena cava Science 30: Unit A (3 marks) 2 2. Match each function with the appropriate structures listed. Place your answer in the blanks provided. i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. collects deoxygenated blood from the body maintains the proper direction of the blood through the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs sends deoxygenated blood to the lungs sends oxygenated blood to the body separates the left and right halves of the heart a. b. c. d. e. f. (2 marks) any heart valve aorta pulmonary artery pulmonary vein vena cava septum 3. Decide whether each statement is true (T) or false (F). Place your answer in the blank space given. a. b. c. d. (2 marks) Assignment Booklet A1 All arteries carry oxygenated blood and all veins carry deoxygenated blood. The heart rate increases as a person who was initially at rest starts exercising. The flow of blood in the body is due to a back-and-forth motion caused by tidal forces. The “lub-dub” heart sound that a doctor hears through a stethoscope comes from the heart valves. 4. There is a difference in the action of the heart chambers during the processes of systole and diastole. Describe this difference. Answer: (2 marks) 5. An athlete has a stroke volume of 85 mL per heartbeat and a heart rate of 64 beats per minute. Calculate, in litres, the volume of blood pumped over one year. Answer: Return to page 4 of the Distributed Learning Student Guide, and begin Lesson 1.2. Science 30: Unit A 3 Assignment Booklet A1 For questions 6 to 10, read each question carefully. Decide which of the choices BEST answers the question. Place your answer in the blank space given. (1 mark) 6. Suppose an anesthetic enters a capillary below the skin and continues its journey through structures of the circulatory system. Along what sequence of structures does the anesthetic continue its journey? A. B. C. D. vein, artery, heart, venule, arteriole arteriole, venule, heart, artery, vein venule, arteriole, heart, vein, artery venule, vein, heart, artery, arteriole Answer: (1 mark) 7. What factor should be the manipulated variable in an investigation studying the effects of caffeine on heart rate? A. B. C. D. amount of caffeine consumed temperature of the room blood pressure heart rate Answer: (1 mark) 8. A person’s circulatory system can be compared to a municipality’s water delivery system. If the pipes from the pump to a block of houses can be thought of as arteries and the pipes inside the house as capillaries, what should the pipes carrying water into the home be called? A. B. C. D. veins aortas venules arterioles Answer: Science 30: Unit A (1 mark) 4 Assignment Booklet A1 9. Where does the fluid pressure of blood fluctuate the most? A. B. C. D. veins venules arteries arterioles Answer: (1 mark) 10. A doctor reported a patient’s blood pressure to be 120/80. What was the patient’s systolic blood pressure? A. B. C. D. 40 mmHg 80 mmHg 120 mmHg 200 mmHg Answer: (2 marks) 11. While the heart’s chambers are relaxing, there is still residual pressure in the arteries. Give a reason for this pressure. Answer: (2 marks) 12. A doctor uses a sphygmomanometer to measure a patient’s blood pressure. The doctor pumped up the cuff somewhat above the expected blood pressure. Then the doctor released the air slowly while listening for a pulse through a stethoscope. Describe how the change in the sound coming through the stethoscope is used to obtain blood pressure measurements. Answer: Science 30: Unit A (3 marks) 5 Assignment Booklet A1 13. Describe the role of the valves in leg veins. Answer: Return to page 6 of the Distributed Learning Student Guide, and begin Lesson 1.3. For questions 14 to 16, read each question carefully. Decide which of the choices BEST answers the question. Place your answer in the blank space given. (1 mark) 14. When a blood sample is spun in a centrifuge, the blood separates into layers. Which blood component will occupy the top half of the sample? A. B. C. D. plasma platelets white blood cells red blood cells Answer: (1 mark) 15. Which blood component is responsible for starting the clotting process? A. B. C. D. plasma platelets white blood cells red blood cells Answer: (1 mark) 16. Which blood component provides protection against disease-causing bacteria that have invaded the body? A. B. C. D. plasma platelets white blood cells red blood cells Answer: Science 30: Unit A (3 marks) 6 Assignment Booklet A1 17. Explain why paleness, weakness, and fatigue may result from a diet lacking iron. Answer: (3 marks) 18. Explain why exposure to carbon monoxide can be fatal. Answer: Return to page 8 of the Distributed Learning Student Guide, and begin Lesson 1.4. For questions 19 and 20, read each question carefully. Decide which of the choices BEST answers the question. Place your answer in the blank space given. (1 mark) 19. Scurvy is a disease now known to be caused by a lack of vitamin C. What food in the traditional diet of Inuit people prevented scurvy? A. B. C. D. limes sea salt maktaaq pemmican Answer: (1 mark) 20. The fat in which of the following food sources has a positive effect on blood cholesterol? A. B. C. D. meat from marine animals cheddar cheese egg yolk lard Answer: Science 30: Unit A (2 marks) 7 Assignment Booklet A1 21. Match each description with the appropriate term listed. Place your answer in the blank space given. i. angina iii. stroke ii. heart attack iv. atherosclerosis a. a chest pain due to the narrowing of vessels supplying blood to heart tissues b. the death of heart cells due to blockage in the coronary arteries c. a loss of brain function due to an area of the brain deprived of blood d. a hardening of the arteries due to fatty deposits (2 marks) 22. Two people obtained the results of a blood cholesterol test. Their results were as follows. Person Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) 1 3.1 2.0 2 4.1 1.1 Which person has the healthier cholesterol level? Why? Answer: (4 marks) 23. Explain why a rough, cracked coating of plaque on the interior walls of arteries can cause blood clots to form. Answer: (2 marks) 24. Name four lifestyle choices that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Answer: Return to page 9 of the Distributed Learning Student Guide, and begin Lesson 1.5. Science 30: Unit A 8 Assignment Booklet A1 For questions 25 to 28, read each question carefully. Decide which of the choices BEST answers the question. Place your answer in the blank space given. (1 mark) 25. In an immune response, which part of the immune system binds to antigens on the surface of a macrophage and sends out a chemical messenger that coordinates the action of the other immune-system cells? A. B. C. D. B-cells killer T-cells helper T-cells suppressor T-cells Answer: (1 mark) 26. During an immune response, some cells of the immune system expose antibodies and, thereby, cause pathogens to be immobilized and form clumps. Which cells of the immune system have this function? A. B. C. D. B-cells killer T-cells macrophages suppressor T-cells Answer: (1 mark) 27. Which cells signal the end of an immune response after target pathogens have been destroyed? A. B. C. D. B-cells macrophages memory T-cells suppressor T-cells Answer: Science 30: Unit A (1 mark) 9 Assignment Booklet A1 28. Which cells of the immune system cause the system to respond more quickly to re-infection by the same pathogen? A. B. C. D. memory B-cells and memory T-cells memory B-cells memory T-cells helper T-cells Answer: (2 marks) 29. Match each description with the appropriate term listed. Place your answer in the blank space given. i. athlete's foot iii. chicken pox a. b. c. d. (3 marks) ii. food poisoning iv. malaria fungi viruses bacteria protozoans 30. Explain how a vaccination can provide immunity from a disease. Answer: (2 marks) 31. Explain how the immune system is responsible for the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Answer: Science 30: Unit A (2 marks) 10 Assignment Booklet A1 32. Explain how the pathogenic salmonella bacterium enters the human body by overcoming the body’s natural defences. Answer: Submit your completed Assignment Booklet A1 to your teacher for assessment. Then return to page 11 of the Distributed Learning Student Guide, and begin the Chapter 1 Summary.