Download 1 - VLE

Year 11 anatomy test
1. During a match a player builds up an oxygen debt. What is an oxygen
debt?
2. If a player has built up an oxygen debt will she have been working
aerobically or anaerobically?
3. What by product is associated with oxygen debt?
4. State two ways in which the performer could help to remove this by
product.
5. An increase in breathing rate is an example of:
Long term benefit of exercise
A poor level of fitness
An immediate effect of exercise
An effect of regular training
6. Name the term described in each of the following statements:
The amount of air breathed in or out of the lungs in one breath
The maximum amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after
breathing in as much as possible
The amount of oxygen consumed during recovery above that which
would have been ordinary been consumed in the same time at rest.
7. Which of the following statements correctly identifies the effects of
smoking on sports performers?
Carbon dioxide in cigarette smoke reduces oxygen available to the
muscles.
Haemoglobin prefers carbon monoxide so more oxygen is carried
out of the lungs.
Cardiovascular endurance is not affected by smoking, but speed is,
so the sprinter cannot run as fast
Recovery in endurance athletes is slower as a reduced amount of
oxygen gets to the muscles due to carbon monoxide in cigarette
smoke.
8. The following questions relate to the effects of exercise on the
cardiovascular system. For each question decide whether A, B, C or D is
correct.
A - Statement true, example true
B – Statement true, example false
C – Statement false and example true
D – Statement false and example false
Statement
(a) Regular training has an effect on
the circulatory system.
(b) An immediate effect of exercise is
an increase in heart rate.
(c) Exercise has no long term benefit of
regular exercise on the cardiovascular
system.
Example
An increase in heart rate
Heart rate increases from 65 bpm to 75
bpm.
Lower resting heart rate.
Examiner’s comment: Firstly you should read the information in the table. So,
start by reading the statements, if you think they are true put a tick in the box, or
if you think they are wrong put a cross. Then do the same for the examples.
Then look at the statements and the example and see which potential answer A,
B, C or D is matched.
9. Write in your own words what is meant by cardiovascular fitness.
10. Suggest three ways in which you can improve cardiovascular fitness.
11. Name three activities where high levels of cardiovascular fitness would be
crucial to performance.
12. Ali plays badminton for the school team but is frightened of losing his
place due to his lack of fitness. He has decided to plan a Personal
Exercise Programme (PEP) to help him improve his fitness for badminton.
State TWO long term benefits you would expect Ali’s training to have on
his cardiovascular system.
13. Which of the following best describes cardiac output?
 The amount of times your heart beats per minute.
 The amount of blood leaving the heart per minute.
 The amount of blood leaving the heart per beat.
 The amount of blood leaving the heart per breath.
14. What effects will long term training have on the heart muscle and the
chambers of the heart?
15. What effect will long term training have on your resting heart rate and
stroke volume?
16. During a game, players will work at varying intensities. Sometimes they
will be walking or jogging, at other times they will need to sprint.



What happens to the players’ heart rates as they change workload?
This change in activity would have a similar effect on cardiac
output. What is cardiac output?
Why is it important to a performer that cardiac output changes when
exercising at varying intensities?
17. Name 3 factors that may have a negative affect on the cardiovascular
system
18. Cholesterol is a fatty substance carried in the blood by lipoproteins, these
come in two forms. What are these called and which of the two is bad for
your heart?
19. Write down three ways in which increased strength would benefit you in
your daily life.
20. Name the muscle responsible for bending the arm at the elbow joint.
21. After a tennis player strikes the ball, the racket arm will follow through so
that it moves across the body. Name the muscle responsible for
adducting the upper arm at the shoulder.
22. Exercises can be isotonic or isometric. Explain the terms:
 Isotonic
 Isometric
23. As a badminton player stretches to reach the shuttlecock she has to stop
suddenly due to a great pain in her hamstring. What type of injury is she
likely to have sustained?
24. Sprinters suffer from muscle injuries. A balanced diet can help recovery
after injury. What food group aid growth and repair of tissues?
25. What type of treatment would you apply if you had suffered from a muscle
injury?
26. What is meant by the following terms:


Hypertrophy
Muscle atrophy
27. There are three parts to a warm-up can you name and explain each of the
three parts.
28. What is the purpose of a warm-up (4 marks)
29. One function of the skeleton is to enable movement.
 State another function of the skeleton.
 Give an example of the use of this function when participating in
physical activity.
30. What type of injury is a twisted ankle?
A Fracture
B Deep bruising
C Strain
D Sprain
31. Which of the following sports injuries would be treated using RICE/
A Fracture
B Concussion
C Sprain
D Hypothermia
32. Which foodstuffs provide us with the mineral we require to keep our bones
healthy, particularly when we are young and when we are getting old?
33. Which condition are old people likely to suffer from if they lack this mineral
in their diet?
34. The correct type of exercise can help to strengthen bones. Suggest
another way in which John can maintain the strength of his bones
throughout his life.
35. What type of sports injuries or conditions has the following symptoms?
 Swelling of tissue, distortion of natural shape and difficulty in moving
the injured part.
 Pain around the elbow.
36. What types of injuries are treated using RICE?
37. What do the letters R I C E stand for?
38. What body tissue adds stability to the knee joint?
39. John is training for rugby and he dislocates his shoulder. Explain what a
dislocation is.
40. Sports performers may suffer a range of sports injuries. Select one of the
letters A, B, C or D for the correct combinations of injuries.
A Sprain, strain, concussion
B Tennis elbow, strain, concussion
C Tennis elbow, sprain, strain
D Tennis elbow, golfer’s elbow, sprain, strain, concussion
41. Which injuries would normally be associated with badminton?
42. Which of these nutrients aids bone development?
Fibre
Minerals
Carbohydrate