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Name___________________________________ Flashcard Set #4 (Rome & Byzantium) Senate Most powerful governing body in Rome Members were upper class (Patricians) Patricians Landowning upper class of Rome Pax Romana 200 year golden age: time of peace and prosperity Roman empire spread over a large area including Europe, N. Africa and Southwest Asia Laws of the Twelve Tables Set of laws that were written and displayed in public (codified) Allowed all people to be aware of and know the law Created as a result of demands by the Plebeians Principles became the foundation for legal systems in the West (US) Aqueducts Bridge-like stone structures that carried water from hills to the cities Roman engineering achievement Brought fresh water into Rome Octavian (Augustus) Son of Julius Caesar Made several reforms to improve Rome, stabilized Rome His reign marked the start of the Pax Romana Legion Military unit Latifundia Large estates or farms owned by wealthy Romans Pushed small farms out of business Imperialism Establishing control (economic, political or social) over foreign lands and people Roman expansion relied on conquering new lands Julius Caesar Ambitious military commander Declared himself dictator for life Reformed gov’t and weakened the power of the patricians Assassinated Engineering Use of science and math to develop useful structures and machines Roman roads, bridges, aqueducts, baths, Forum Messiah King sent by God Jesus was the son of God and would lead people to freedom Bread and circuses Welfare programs that gave free food, entertainment and money to the poor Created by Augustus Distracted poor people, reduced number of riots Constantine Emperor issued Edict of Milan (313) Divided Rome into 2 kingdoms Set up a new capital in Byzantium or Constantinople Edict of Milan Granted religious freedom to all people in the Roman empire Inflation Rapid rise of prices Huns Nomadic warriors from central Asia Fought for influence in Roman territories Germanic invaders Visogoths, Ostrogoths, Vandals, Vikings Invaded Roman territories and gradually reduced the size of the Roman Empire Sack (take over) the city of Rome in 476 Marks end of Roman empire