* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download civil_war_highlights_student_notes
Ulysses S. Grant and the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Red River Campaign wikipedia , lookup
Kentucky in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Habeas Corpus Suspension Act (1863) wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Roanoke Island wikipedia , lookup
Hampton Roads Conference wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Hampton Roads wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Perryville wikipedia , lookup
Battle of White Oak Road wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Malvern Hill wikipedia , lookup
Commemoration of the American Civil War on postage stamps wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Stones River wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Port Royal wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Sailor's Creek wikipedia , lookup
Capture of New Orleans wikipedia , lookup
Tennessee in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Appomattox Station wikipedia , lookup
East Tennessee bridge burnings wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Island Number Ten wikipedia , lookup
Fort Fisher wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Wilson's Creek wikipedia , lookup
Economy of the Confederate States of America wikipedia , lookup
Opposition to the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Baltimore riot of 1861 wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Antietam wikipedia , lookup
Second Battle of Corinth wikipedia , lookup
Maryland Campaign wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Shiloh wikipedia , lookup
Western Theater of the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Seven Pines wikipedia , lookup
Virginia in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of New Bern wikipedia , lookup
Issues of the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Lewis's Farm wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Cedar Creek wikipedia , lookup
Alabama in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Gaines's Mill wikipedia , lookup
First Battle of Bull Run wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Fort Pillow wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Namozine Church wikipedia , lookup
Border states (American Civil War) wikipedia , lookup
United Kingdom and the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Conclusion of the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Union (American Civil War) wikipedia , lookup
Georgia in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Mississippi in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Military history of African Americans in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Milestones in the Civil War: 1861 April 12- South Carolina ,Fort surrenders April 15 Lincoln declares a state of insurrection April 17 Virginia Secedes April 19 Baltimore violence: four soldiers killed (first casualties of the war.) Lincoln orders a naval blockade of Southern ports Lincoln asks Robert E Lee to take field command of Union forces, Lee resigns joins Confederate army. July 21- First Battle of Bull Run August 5- Congress passes first income tax law 1862 January 27- Lincoln issues War Order Number 1-it is ignored April 6-7 Battle of Shiloh 13,000 Union and 11,000 confederate soldiers are lost--- most losses in a single battle June 2 Robert E Lee takes command of the confederate army Sept. 24 Lincoln suspends Habeas Corpus What is a Writ of Habeas Corpus? A writ of habeas corpus is a judicially enforceable order issued by a court of law to a prison official ordering that a prisoner be brought to the court so it can be determined whether or not that prisoner had been lawfully imprisoned and, if not, whether he or she should be released from custody. The right of habeas corpus is the constitutionally bestowed right of a person to present evidence before a court that he or she has been wrongly imprisoned. Where Our Right of Habeas Corpus Comes From The right of writs of habeas corpus are granted in Article I, Section 9, clause 2 of the Constitution, which states, "The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it." The Battle of Antietam Critical turning point: the likelihood of European recognition of the South is reduced. Lincoln capitalizes on this by issuing the Emancipation Proclamation. Legalistic document. By itself, it doesn’t free slaves, but does change the character and course of the war. Those critical of Lincoln say that it did not free all the slaves, just those in the confederacy. Lincoln’s position is that under his war powers he can legally free only those slaves in rebel held territory; it is up to Congress or the states to address the question of universal emancipation. South’s reaction Confirmed what they believed to be plans to force them to surrender slavery Saw the proclamation as incitement to slave rebellion Stiffened their resolve to defend the south against “Yankee” encroachment. Had 2 other results: France and England decided not to recognize the Confederacy: did not want to endorse slavery. In the North the proclamation made the war less popular (poor, white workers were fine to save the Union, less keen on freeing slaves—scared they would take jobs) decline in northern enlistments Conscription Act of March 1863- applies to all men 20-45 unless they are wealthy enough to pay a substitute January 1 1863 Emancipation Proclamation is signed January 26 recruit black troops began. (black soldiers fought in every war. . but a 1792 law barred them from the army) The 54th Massachusetts Volunteers are the first black regiment recruited in the North. 185,000 black soldiers in the Union army 166 all black regiments. Nearly 70,000 black soldiers come from Louisiana, Kentucky, and Tennessee. They are paid less than whites 16 will receive the Medal of Honor. In the navy ¼ sailors are black. May 22- Vicksburg begins—key to Mississippi river. June 20 pro-union West Virginia, severs from Virginia and admitted as the 35th state with a state constitution calling for gradual emancipation. June 24: Lee’s army changes strategy and cross s the Potomac, heading toward Gettysburg. The battle takes place July 1-3. Confederate troops in search of shoes meet up with a small Union cavalry. Reinforcements are poured in. FINAL turning point in the war, the Union army takes a strong defensive position and turns back repeated Confederate assaults killing 28,000 = 1/3 of their army. Lee retreats to Virginia. July 4- General Grant’s long siege of Vicksburg ends in victory. Unconditional surrender of 29,000 Confederates. Union possesses the Mississippi. July NEW YORK- rioting breaks out over the Union Conscription Act- blacks are lynched. Several other riots break out in major northern cities: idea that they were fighting for free slaves and that the wealthy could get out of it. Some northern counties raised taxes so that residents would not have to fight. Partisan guerrilla wars break out in Kansas, Missouri, and Arkansas. (Jesse James gets his training) People were scalped, slaughters of 180 civilians occurred, Quantrill raids. . . Grant gains a military edge Lincoln offers a Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction that will pardon Confederates who take an oath of loyalty 1864 General William Tecumseh Sherman begins his march across the South. Lincoln wins re-election April 11 Lincolns last public address, he urges a spirit of generous conciliation during the reconstruction. April 14 While watching a comedy at Ford’s Theater, Lincoln is shot by John Wilkes Booth. The first President to be assassinated, Andrew Johnson becomes the president. April 22 Booth is cornered and shot dead. Johnson pardons all southerners but one: Major Henry Wirtz, commander of the Confederate prison in Georgia. What did the Civil War cost America Union had enlisted 2,324,516 soldiers: approximately 360,000 were killed. The Confederate army had about 1,000,000 soldiers with losses of 260,000 Union: 6 million Confederates: 3 million Union Victories Indecisive Battles Confederate Victories Fort Sumter New Orleans Fair Oaks Bull Run Shiloh (Seven Pines) Jackson's Valley Charleston Perryville Campaign Harbor The Seven Days (7Port Royal Sound Antietam(9-62) 62) Wilderness Stones River The Second Battle Battle of the Campaign of Bull Run Ironclads Yorktown Fort Henry and Fredericksburg Fort Donelson Vicksburg Gettysburg Atlanta Chattanooga Sherman's Marh to the Sea Appomattox Courthouse Major land battles The costliest land battles, measured by casualties (killed, wounded, captured, and missing) were:[C] Battle (State) Battle of Gettysburg Date Confederate Commander July 1–3, Robert E. Lee 1863 Battle of Shiloh (Tennessee) Battle of Antietam (Maryland) 46,286 U: 23,055 C: 23,231 George B. McClellan 36,059 104,10 92,000 Confederate U: 15,855 0 C: 20,204 William Rosecrans 34,624 65,000 60,000 Confederate U: 16,170 C: 18,454 Ulysses S. Grant 52,000 31,820 100,00 Inconclusiv U: 18,399 0e C: 13,421 Joseph Hooker 60,892 30,500 133,86 Confederate U: 17,197 8 C: 13,303 May 5–7, Robert E. Lee 1864 Ulysses S. Grant 61,025 28,791 101,89 Inconclusiv U: 17,666 5e C: 11,125 Decembe r 31, 1862 – Braxton Bragg January 2, 1863 William Rosecrans 35,000 41,400 Union 24,645 U: 12,906 C: 11,739 Albert Sidney Johnsto April 6– Ulysses S. n, 7, 1862 Grant P. G. T. Beauregard 44,699 66,812 Union 23,746 U: 13,047 C: 10,699 (Virginia) (Tennessee) Casualtie s 71,699 93,921 Union (Virginia) Battle of Chancellorsvil May 1–4, le Robert E. Lee 1863 Battle of Stones River Victor George Meade (Pennsylvania ) Seven Days June 25 – Battles July 1, Robert E. Lee 1862 (Virginia)[D] Battle of Septembe Chickamauga r 19–20, Braxton Bragg 1863 (Georgia) Battle of Spotsylvania May 8– Court House Robert E. Lee 21, 1864 (Virginia) Battle of the Wilderness Union Conf. Union Command Force Force er s s Septembe r 17, Robert E. Lee 1862 Second Battle August Robert E. Lee George B. McClellan John Pope Inconclusiv e; 22,717 38,000 75,500 strategic U: 12,401 Union C: 10,316 victory 50,000 62,000 Confederate 18,300 Battle (State) of Bull Run (Virginia) Date 29–30, 1862 Confederate Commander Union Conf. Union Command Force Force er s s Victor Casualtie s U: 10,000 C: 8,300