Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
SS6H1a.b. SS6H2a. Latin America- History Learning Targets SS6H1a. 1. I can describe characteristics of the Aztec civilization. 2. I can describe characteristics of the Inca civilization. 3. I can compare and contrast the early civilizations of the Aztecs and Incas. 4. I can describe the encounter and consequences of the conflict between Montezuma and Cortes. 5. I can explain Montezuma’s role in this encounter. 6. I can describe the encounter and consequences of the conflict between Atahualpa and Pizarro. 7. I can explain Atahualpa’s role in this encounter. Introduction to the Aztecs http://app.discoveryeducation.com/search?Ntt =aztec#selItemsPerPage=60&intCurrentPage= 0&No=0&N=18342%252B4294949099&Ne= 4294965172&Ntt=aztec&Ns=&Nr=&browseF ilter=&indexVersion=&Ntk=All&Ntx=mode% 252Bmatchallpartial Conflict # 1: _______ Empire v. ___________ Time Period Location Leaders _______ - _______ ____________ _______ _________ (Near modern _________ _______ Ruler ___________ Result of Conflict How did this change things? ___________) ________ Conquistador _______ _______ -The Spanish are _____________________ -The Spanish have ___________ weapons & use the _____ of the Aztecs as allies. -________________is killed. The Spanish claimed _______ as a part of their Empire & used it’s resources to gain ___________. The people of the region developed ___________culture traits (Language-___________ & Religion- ______________) _____________ ruled the area for the next 300 years. Conflict # 1: Aztec Empire v. Spain Time Period 1519-1521 Southern Mexican Plateau Location (Near modern Mexico City) Leaders Result of Conflict How did this change things? Aztec Ruler Spanish Conquistador Montezuma II Hernan Cortes -The Spanish are victorious. -The Spanish have superior weapons & use the neighbors of the Aztecs as allies. -Montezuma II is killed The Spanish claimed Mexico as a part of their Empire & used its resources to gain wealth The people of the region developed Spanish culture traits (Language-Spanish & Religion- Catholic) Spain ruled the area for the next 300 years. Introduction to the Incas http://app.discoveryeducation.com/search?Ntt=in cas Conflict # 2: ______ Empire vs. ______ Time Period Location Leaders ________-_________ _______ Mts./Pacific Coast of ______ ___________ Parts of: Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile, & Argentina ________ Ruler _______ Conquistador ____________ _________ ________ Result of Conflict The Spanish are ________________. The Spanish have __________ weapons & ________ Inca leadership. ____________ is killed. How did this change things? The Spanish claimed ___________ _________ __________ as a part of their Empire & used its resources to gain ________. The people of the region developed ___________culture traits (Language- __________ & Religion- _____________) ____________ ruled the area for the next 300 years. Conflict # 2: Time Period Location Leaders Inca Empire vs. Spain 1531-1533 Andes Mts./Pacific Coast of South America Parts of: Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile, & Argentina Inca Ruler Spanish Conquistador Atahualpa Francisco Pizarro Result of Conflict The Spanish are victorious. The Spanish have superior weapons & deceive Inca leadership. Atahualpa is killed. How did this change things? The Spanish claimed Western S. America as a part of their Empire & used its resources to gain wealth The people of the region developed Spanish culture traits (Language-Spanish & Religion- Catholic) Spain ruled the area for the next 300 years. Let’s Review 1. Which of the following events occurred as a result of European exploration of the Americas in the 1400s and the 1500s? A. the discovery and use of the Northwest Passage to Asia B. the invention of the astrolabe, which improved navigation. C. the destruction of the Aztec and Incan civilizations D. the discovery that only the Atlantic Ocean separated Asia from Europe 1. Which of the following events occurred as a result of European exploration of the Americas in the 1400s and the 1500s? A. the discovery and use of the Northwest Passage to Asia B. the invention of the astrolabe, which improved navigation. C. the destruction of the Aztec and Incan civilizations D. the discovery that only the Atlantic Ocean separated Asia from Europe 2. In the 1500s, the Incan civilization was conquered by Spanish soldiers led by A. Ferdinand Magellan. B. Francisco Pizarro. C. Montezuma. D. Vasco da Gama. 2. In the 1500s, the Incan civilization was conquered by Spanish soldiers led by A. Ferdinand Magellan. B. Francisco Pizarro. C. Montezuma. D. Vasco da Gama. 3. In the 1500s the Aztec Empire in Central America was conquered by Spanish soldiers led by A. James Cook. B. Montezuma. C. Hernando Cortés. D. Christopher Columbus. 3. In the 1500s the Aztec Empire in Central America was conquered by Spanish soldiers led by A. James Cook. B. Montezuma. C. Hernando Cortés. D. Christopher Columbus. Our Learning Target SS6H1b I can explain the impact of the Columbian Exchange on Latin America and Europe in terms of the decline of the indigenous population, agricultural change, and the introduction of the horse. Before 1492 Two very different ecosystems Two sets of culturally diverse peoples http://www.history.com/topics/aztecs/videos#th e-aztecs Two different disease pools Two sets of flora and fauna “...all the trees were as different from ours as day from night, and so the fruits, the herbage, the rocks, and all things.” -- Christopher Columbus Two biological ecosystems interchanged to create a new world ecology. According to historian Alfred Crosby, the exchange of plants, animals and pathogens between the two hemispheres was biologically “the most spectacular thing that has ever happened to humans," and he coined the phenomenon the Columbian Exchange. The Columbian Exchange is the exchange of physical elements such as, plants, animals, diseases, and weapons. ANIMALS During this time period, the ONLY domesticated animals in the Americas were…LLAMAS! European explorers brought horses, pigs, cattle, & sheep. This completely changed the way that the land was used! With all of these new farm animals, it was time to start planting crops. • Europeans brought cash crops to the Americas: sugar, rice, wheat, coffee, bananas, & grapes. • These new crops flourished in the Americas. PLANTS Europeans find crops in the Americas: Maize (corn), tomatoes, tobacco, cacao (chocolate), beans, and cotton. They bring these plants back to Europe, where they are very popular! Think—Italian spaghetti…What if they never had tomatoes? An Exchange of Pathogens • Europeans (unknowingly) brought over diseases that the natives weren’t immune to. The smallpox virus These diseases spread by air & touch. • Smallpox, measles, diphtheria, whooping cough, chickenpox, bubonic plague, scarlet fever, & influenza were the most common. • In Mexico alone, the native population fell from roughly 30 million in 1519 to only 3 million in 1568. The greatest impact of the Columbian Exchange was the exchange of different food crops. Sweet Potatos Cassava Potatos The Exchange of Plants and Animals Originally from the Western Hemisphere Potato Maize (corn) Manioc (cassava, tapioca) Sweet potato Tomato Cacao (chocolate) Squash Chili peppers Pumpkin Papaya Guava Tobacco Avocado Pineapple Beans (most varieties, including phaseolus vulgaris) Peanuts Certain cottons Rubber Turkeys Originally from the Eastern Hemisphere Sugar Olive oil Various grains (Wheat, rice, rye, barley, oats) Grapes Coffee Horses Cattle Pigs Goats Sheep Chickens Various fruit trees (pear, apple, peach, orange, lemon, pomegranate, fig, banana) Chick peas Melons Radishes A wide variety of weeds and grasses Cauliflower Cabbage The Columbian Exchange Imagine Italian food without tomatoes, Mexican food with no rice and bean dish, the Irish without potatoes, chocolate without sugar. 4. Part of the Columbian Exchange between Europe and the Americas included the A. movement of many indigenous Americans to Europe. B. movement of goods on shipping routes across the Pacific. C. introduction of new crops to Europe and the Americas. D. introduction of mass production and factory buildings to the Americas. 4. Part of the Columbian Exchange between Europe and the Americas included the A. movement of many indigenous Americans to Europe. B. movement of goods on shipping routes across the Pacific. C. introduction of new crops to Europe and the Americas. D. introduction of mass production and factory buildings to the Americas. 5. Cortes and Pizarro were able to conquer the Aztecs and the Incas because A. the Native Central Americans were peaceful and refused to fight the Spanish soldiers. A. B. the Aztec navy was quickly defeated by the superior Spanish Armada. C. the Aztecs and Incas were at war with each other, making them weaker. D. European diseases killed many Native Central Americans who might have fought the Spanish. 5. Cortes and Pizarro were able to conquer the Aztecs and the Incas because A. the Native Central Americans were peaceful and refused to fight the Spanish soldiers. A. B. the Aztec navy was quickly defeated by the superior Spanish Armada. C. the Aztecs and Incas were at war with each other, making them weaker. D. European diseases killed many Native Central Americans who might have fought the Spanish. Make an index card for each country – Americas and Europe. Read each of the following WHO AM I? statements and hold up the country that is described. Who Am I? I introduced the horse. Who Am I? I introduced tomatoes. Who Am I? I introduced cacao (chocolate). Who Am I? I introduced smallpox. Who Am I? I introduced weapons. Who Am I? I introduced potatoes. Who Am I? I introduced corn. Our Learning Target SS6H2a I can describe the influence of African slavery on the development of the Americas. Slavery in Latin America • • • Shortage of labor in Americas led to beginning of Atlantic slave trade. Farmers and plantation owners first used Native Americans, however European diseases and warfare killed millions of Native Americans. Workers were still needed on sugar, tobacco, and other types of plantations which brought about the Africa slave trade in the Americas. Slavery in Latin America http://app.discoveryeducation.co m/search?Ntt=triangle+of+trade Slavery in Latin America Between the 1500s and the 1800s millions of Africans were captured, shipped across the Atlantic Ocean, and sold as slaves in the Americas. 10 to 20 Million Enslaved Brazil Spanish Empire 2 - 5 million Caribbean 4 - 10 million 3 – 6 million North America .5 – 1 million Triangular Trade Triangular trade is a historical term indicating trade among three ports or regions, in the shape of a triangle. (Europe, Africa, and the Americas) Triangular Trade First leg of triangle, ships carrying European goods to Africa to be exchanged for slaves. Second leg, Middle Passage, brought Africans to Americas to be sold. Third leg carried American products to Europe. http://www.discovery.com/tvshows/othershows/videos/assignmentdiscovery-triangular-trade.htm Triangular Trade Route Europe The Americas Manufactured goods (beads, cloth, guns) Cotton, sugar, tobacco, molasses, rum Africa slaves 6. One impact of the African Slave Trade included A. further blending of ethnic groups in Latin America B. more opportunities for Africans to own land C. less shipping between continents. D. Africans brought their French and English languages to Latin America. 6. One impact of the African Slave Trade included A. further blending of ethnic groups in Latin America B. more opportunities for Africans to own land C. less shipping between continents. D. Africans brought their French and English languages to Latin America. 7. The African slave trade grew because European nations wanted the captured Africans A. to work in the new factories. B. to replace the labor of the serfs. C. to work on the plantations in their colonies. D. to increase the number of soldiers in their armies. 7. The African slave trade grew because European nations wanted the captured Africans A. to work in the new factories. B. to replace the labor of the serfs. C. to work on the plantations in their colonies. D. to increase the number of soldiers in their armies. Our Learning Target SS6H2b I can describe the influence of the Spanish and the Portuguese on the language and religions of Latin America. Spread of Culture As result of slave trade, people of African descent spread throughout Americas, Western Europe Spread called African Diaspora Eventually led to spread of African culture—music, art, religion, food—throughout the Western World Slaves and other ethnic groups blended Languages of Latin America The term Latin America refers to the origin of the languages Spanish and Portuguese from Ancient Roman Empire. These languages are spoken widely throughout Latin America as a result of European colonization of the region. Languages of Latin America There are two main languages spoken throughout Latin America Portuguese- Brazil Spanish- in most other countries Languages of Latin America Video Recall- Why did Europeans Explore? The 3 G’s: God Gold Glory The Three G’s European explorers had found gold and glory in the Americas. Now it was time to focus on God. Spread of Christianity After the Spanish conquered the Aztecs and the Incas (and other Native Americans), they tried to convert them to Christianity. Spread of Christianity Just as the Catholic Church was powerful in Spain… it soon became powerful in Latin America Catholic priests set up churches, schools, hospitals and Spanish missions Spread of Christianity The purpose of Spanish Missions and the priests was to spread the Christian religion among the local natives. Spread of Christianity To help accomplish this, each Spanish mission recruited local natives, brought them to live at the mission and taught them Spanish, farming and other skills. Religion of Latin America Today The lasting impact of the spread of Christianity can still be found throughout Latin America today. 94% of Latin Americans are Roman Catholic. Roman Catholic Other SOCIAL HIERARCHY Who had the most power? The least? Criolles: People of pure European blood But born in the New World Mestizoes Indian + European blood CAUSES P Peninsulares: Native Spaniards C M M I&A Indians and Africans Mulattos: African + European blood 8. Spain colonized many countries in Latin America. How is Spain's influence still seen in these countries today? A. No Native American customs and languages have survived. B. The king of Spain is still the head of state of most of these countries. C. Most of the people in these countries are Roman Catholic. D. Most of these countries have a strong democratic tradition. 8. Spain colonized many countries in Latin America. How is Spain's influence still seen in these countries today? A. No Native American customs and languages have survived. B. The king of Spain is still the head of state of most of these countries. C. Most of the people in these countries are Roman Catholic. D. Most of these countries have a strong democratic tradition. 9. The religion practiced and languages spoken throughout much of Latin America are similar because the people were A. from the same indigenous group B. from the same country in Asia C. colonized by the same countries D. one independent nation 9. The religion practiced and languages spoken throughout much of Latin America are similar because the people were A. from the same indigenous group B. from the same country in Asia C. colonized by the same countries D. one independent nation 10. Which Latin American country is the only one whose language and culture have been greatly influenced by Portugal, because it was the only colony of Portugal in the region? A. Brazil B. Panama C. Argentina D. Chile 10. Which Latin American country is the only one whose language and culture have been greatly influenced by Portugal, because it was the only colony of Portugal in the region? A. Brazil B. Panama C. Argentina D. Chile 11. Which country had the most significant impact on the language and religion of Latin America? A. Britain. B. France. C. Spain. D. Portugal. 11. Which country had the most significant impact on the language and religion of Latin America? A. Britain. B. France. C. Spain. D. Portugal.