Download Cell Energetics Packet

Energy, Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Name:______________________________________________Period:_____Date:___________
I.
OVERVIEW: "THE BIG PICTURE"

________________________________= the process that provides energy for almost all life.

___________________= organisms that make their own food
o

Photosynthesis requires:
o

Ex: plants
The________________________, ______________and ___________________ to make
______________________________and _____________________as byproducts.
The
process of
PHOTOSYNTHESIS can be summarized by the following equation:
____________________________________________________________________________ _

The energy stored in glucose and other carbohydrates can be used later to produce ________ during the
process of_______________________________.
o

We’ll discuss cellular respiration in more detail very soon!
The process of photosynthesis does ___________happen all at once; rather it occurs in 2 stages:
1. STAGE 1 – Called the______________________________.

_________________________is converted to ____________________

Takes place –_______________ is captured from __________________in the
_______________________of the chloroplasts of plant cells.

A photosynthetic cell contains one to thousands of chloroplasts!
1

________________is split into hydrogen ions, electrons, and oxygen (O 2) through the
process called the electron transport chain.

The __________________________is now converted to__________________________,
which is temporarily stored in __________________________________(energy
molecules).

The _________diffuses out of the chloroplasts (byproduct).
2. STAGE 2 – Called the _______________________or____________________.

__________________________ (CO 2) and the chemical energy stored in _________ and
_______________powers the formation of
_____________________________________(sugars, starch and cellulose).

Takes place – in the ____________________of a chloroplast
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
EQUATION:
I.
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OVERVIEW: "THE BIG PICTURE"


____________________________________= an energy (ATP) releasing process:
o
PLANTS: sugars (C6H12O6 ) produced during ____________________________ are broken down so
energy is released
o
ANIMALS: sugars (C6H12O6 ) produced during _______________________are broken down so energy
is released
Formula:
o

___________________________________________________________

The PRODUCTS of __________________________________ glucose (C6H12O6) and O2, are the
REACTANTS used in_________________________________ .

The WASTE PRODUCTS of_____________________________, CO 2 and water, are the
REACTANTS used in_____________________________________.
Processes:
1. _______________________________________
2. _______________________________________ (Citric Acid Cycle)
3. _______________________________________ (ETC)
II. TWO TYPES OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION:
1. _______________________________= OXYGEN is present

If OXYGEN is PRESENT, the
______________________of glycolysis ENTER the
pathways of aerobic respiration.


2 major stages: ___________________&
__________________________
Produces large amounts of ATP
2. ___________________________________= No OXYGEN is
present

aka…._______________________

_________additional ________is created AFTER
glycolysis produces 2 ATP
Note: Both types of respiration BEGIN with_____________________.
III. AEROBIC RESPIRATION PROCESSES:
1. GLYCOLYSIS:

Occurs in the ______________________of the cell
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
Starting molecule: ONE molecule of _________________ (__________________)

Produces: TWO ________________or__________________ (______________)

____________ molecules

Attaches H’s to NAD+ (electron carrier) and forms ____________
(_________________________)
2. KREB’S CYCLE (Citric Acid Cycle) – Aerobic respiration

_____________________ process (requires oxygen)

Occurs in the ________________________________

Starting molecules: __________________and ____________________

Produces: _____________________,

____________
and __________ molecules
Attaches H’s to NAD+ and FAD to create NADH and FADH2 (these will be used to
make more _________in the________)
3. ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN (ETC) – Aerobic respiration

______________ process (requires oxygen)

Occurs in the _____________________of the ____________________

Starting molecules: ___________________________and ________________
o

Uses the NADH and FADH2 from the _____________________ and another NADH
from_____________________.
Produces: _________________and __________________
o
FADH2 and NADH, release H’s so they can attach to ________________and produce
________________
o
Energy is released as a result of breaking down these molecules.
Importance of
Respiration:
Aerobic

To transfer chemical energy (___________) to a form of energy that is ______________ by cells
(__________)!!!

Total net gain of ATP molecules per 1 glucose = _________________
Relationship of Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration:

The ____________________of one reaction are the __________________for the other reaction.
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
In an ________________________________, photosynthesis and cellular
respiration form a cycle.
Sunlight
IV. ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION PROCESSES:

Occurs ______________ glycolysis, only if _______ oxygen is present

______ additional __________ is created after the 2ATP’s from
glycolysis!

2 Types:
Photosynthesis
(autotrophs)
CO2 + H2O
1.
2.
O2 + Glucose
___________________________________:
Cellular
Respiration
(heterotrophs)

Occurs in _______________

Starting molecules: __________________and

Produces: _____________________and_______________________.

Bakers use alcoholic fermentation of ______________to make bread.

Used to make wine and beer
___________(from glycolysis)
____________________________________:

Occurs in _______________

Starting molecules: _____________________and ___________(from glycolysis)

Produces: ______________________

Lactic acid fermentation by microorganisms plays an essential role in the manufacturing
of food products such as ________________and_____________.
 DURING EXERCISE: breathing_________________provide your body with all the oxygen it needs for aerobic
respiration.
o
o
When muscles run out of __________________, the cells switch
to____________________________________!
Provides your ________________with the energy then need during exercise.
o
Side effects of lactic acid fermentation are___________________, ___________,
_______________, and____________________.
o
Most lactic acid made in the muscles diffuses into the bloodstream, then to the
liver; where it is converted back to PYRUVIC ACID when oxygen becomes
available.
Photosynthesis: Compare & Contrast
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Name:_______________________________________________Period:____Date:___________
Characteristics:
Types of Reactions:
Light Reaction
Dark Reaction
(Calvin Cycle)
Light
(Is it needed?)
Location
(Where does it take place?)
Sources
(What is needed?)
Products
(What is made?)
Role of ATP
(What is energy used for?)
QUESTIONS:
1. Write the complete chemical equation of photosynthesis
2. How do these reactions depend on one another to carry out photosynthesis?
3. If the light reactions stopped, what would happen? How would this affect you?
4. If the dark reactions stopped, what would happen? How would this affect you?
Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Review Worksheet
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Name:__________________________________________Period:_______
Vocabulary: Match the phrases on the left with the term that best fits. Use answers only one time.
____1. Organisms that make their own food
A. Chloroplasts
____2. Site of photosynthesis
B. Anaerobic
____3. Process occurs in a mitochondrion
C. Aerobic
____4. C6H12O6
D. Glucose
____5. Process does not require oxygen
E. ATP
____6. Process requires oxygen
F. Kreb’s cycle
____7. Adenosine diphosphate
G. Glycolysis
____8. Energy storing molecule
H. Energy
____9. The anaerobic process of splitting glucose
and forming two molecules of pyruvic acid
I. ADP
J. Autotrophs
____10. The ability to do work
Directions: Answer each of the following questions in a clear and concise manner.
1. Compare and discuss how cells store energy and release energy using ATP. Be specific! You may
draw the cycle.
2. Compare lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation by describing what pyruvic acid is
changed in to. Be sure to include what type of organism each one takes place in.
What is pyruvic acid changed
into?
Organism:
Alcoholic Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation
3. Name the three processes of aerobic cellular respiration. How many ATP’s does each process produce,
and what is the total ATP produced from one glucose?
3 Processes of Cellular
Respiration:
# ATP produced:
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Total ATP per 1 glucose =__________
4. Name the two stages of photosynthesis and list the starting molecule(s) and ending molecule(s) of each.
Stages
Starting Molecule(s)
Product(s)
5. What is the general chemical equation of photosynthesis?
6. When and why does our body use lactic acid fermentation?
7. Explain how the equations for photosynthesis and aerobic respiration compare.
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