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Chapter One Vocab Biology Organism Organization Growth Development Reproduction Species Stimulus Response Homeostasis Adaptation Science Theory Metric system SI Forensics Ethics Observation Inference Scientific method Hypothesis Experiment Control group Experimental group Independent variable Dependent variable Constant Data So what is Biology? Name: Date: Directions: Navigate to http://www.slideshare.net/melissamercer/topic-1-what-is-biology and click through the slides. Answer the questions below. 1. What do the following word parts mean? Bio = ____________ - (o)logy = __________ Therefore… Biology = _________________________ 2. On the website, ten different life process are listed. Pick THREE, list them, and find a simple definition for each. A. _____________________= B. _____________________= C. _____________________= 3. There are several different areas of Biology. What are the definitions of the following disciplines of biology? Botany= Zoology= Anatomy= Bacteriology= Cytology= Ecology= Embryology= Mycology= Paleontology= Parasitology= Pathology= Taxonomy= After, read pages 4-6 in your textbook. From the reading, list 5 reasons why it is important that we study biology. 1. ________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________ 3. ________________________________________ 4. ________________________________________ 5. ________________________________________ Characteristics of Life Name: Date: Remember biology = the study of life, but what is life exactly??? To be considered a living thing an organism must posses ALL of the characteristics of life! For each characteristic, list it, write a brief description, and sketch a picture to help you remember it. The first one is done for you. 1. Made of cells = Made of 1+ cells (basic unit of life) ex: Paramecium 2. _________________________ = 3. _________________________ = 4. _________________________ = 5. _________________________ = 6. _________________________ = 7. _________________________ = 8. _________________________ = Scientific Method: Think.Pair.Share. Imagine that you want to test to see if the use of fertilizer actually affects plant height. To see this, you’re going to set up an experiment to see the effects of fertilizer on plant height. Using what you know about the scientific method, answer the questions below. 1. What are two possible hypotheses for this experiment? 2. List 4 possible variables that could affect the outcome of your experiment. 3. In this experiment, what would be the independent variable? 4. What would be the dependent variable? 5. What types of things would you need to keep constant during your experiment? 6. In your experiment, how would you set up a control? More Scientific Method Practice: Salt and Boiling Water You want to see if the amount of salt in water affects the temperature at which water boils. To see this, you set up an experiment to see if salt really does raise the boiling point of water. 1. What are two possible hypotheses for this experiment? 2. List 4 possible variables that could affect the outcome of your experiment. 3. In this experiment, what would be the independent variable? 4. What would be the dependent variable? 5. What types of things would you need to keep constant during your experiment? 6. In your experiment, how would you set up a control? PRACTICING SCIETIFIC METHOD Each sentence below describes a step of the scientific method. Match each step with the process described. A. B. C. D. E. Observation Making a Hypothesis Experimentation Gathering / Analyzing Data Drawing Conclusions 1. Jill predicted that seeds would start to grow faster if an electric current traveled through the soil in which they were planted. 2. Bill’s data showed the household cockroaches moved away from cucumber slices 3. Mary grew bacteria from the mouth on special plates in the laboratory. She placed drops of different mouthwash on the plate of bacteria. 4. Jessica used a survey to determine how many of her classmates were left-handed and how many were right handed. 5. Joe saw bats catching insects after dark. He asked himself, “How do bats find the insects.” 6. Bob read about growing plants in water. He wanted to know how plants could grow without soil. 7. Rick said, “When I grow five seedlings in red light, they grow faster than the five seedlings in white light. Red light is probably better than white light for growing plants.” 8. Mike fed one set of guinea pigs straight guinea pig food and he fed another set of guinea pigs the same food but added some carrots and other veggies. 9. Beth’s experiment showed that the checking egg shells were stronger in the hens that ate a calcium rich diet. 10. Jack soaked six different kinds of seeds in water for 24 hours. He then pulled the seeds in soil at a depth of one centimeter. He used the same amount of water, light, and heat for each kind of seed. Scientific methods Scientific method= _________________________________________________________________ o Made up of 6 steps: Steps in Sci Method Stating a problem Description Related vocabulary Researching and Gathering information Forming a hypothesis Hypothesis= Testing a Experiment= hypothesis Variable= Analyze Data Dependent variable = Independent variable= Draw Conclusions Constant= Control= Pseudoscience or Real science? 1. Use the web or your textbook for a simple definition of the following: a. Science: b. Pseudoscience: 2. Next, search the web for 3 examples of pseudoscience. Describe each. a. ___________________= b. ___________________= c. ___________________= 3. Then, pair up with somebody, share what you have found. After, create a Venn diagram comparing and contrasting science and pseudoscience. There should be 3 different things in each area of the diagram. SI system Basic SI Unit and the symbol for the following measurements length: _________________________ volume: _________________________ mass: _________________________ weight: _________________________ time: _________________________ Misc. Info: 39.37 in. = 1 meter 1 lb. = 453.6 grams 1.057 qt = 1 liter temperature: _________________________ Unit Conversions Kilo hecto deka basic unit deci 1.00 Temperature: Formula: Therefore: °F °C Freezing _____ _____ Boiling (water) _____ _____ Body Temperature _____ _____ Room Temperature _____ _____ centi milli Let’s Practice: Kilo Hecto Deca BU Deci Centi Milli 1. 5 cm =__________km 2. .003 mg =__________g 3. 55°F = __________°C 4. .467 kl =___________l 5. 45 mm =__________m 6. 10 m =_____________km 7. 95 °F = ___________ °C 8. .3 kg =_____________mg 9. 17 m =_____________cm 10. ______________km = 10 cm 11. .234 hectometer =____________decimeter 12. 100°F = _____________°C 13. 1500 decimeter =____________decameter Measurement Usage: a. centimeter b. gram c. liter d. micrometer e. f. g. h. 14. ____height of a tree 15. ____ mass of a hamster 16. ____ volume of an aquarium 17. ____ mass of an insect 18. ____ length of a football field 19. ____ volume of a canning jar 20. ____ temperature of a classroom 21. ____ length of a microscopic organism 22. ____ length of a small insect 23. ____ speed of an automobile kilometer (per hour) milliliter meter millimeter i. milligram j. degrees Celsius k. kilogram Metric Practice W.S. #1 Kilo Hecto 1. 1 centimeter Deca = BU Deci _______________ meters 2. 1.5 centimeters = _______________ hectometers 3. 42 millimeters = _______________ decimeters 4. 100 centiliters = _______________ millimeters 5. 245 millimeters = _______________ decameters 6. 10 grams = _______________ milligrams 7. 5 liters = _______________ milliliters 8. 0.267 milligrams = _______________ grams 9. 0.024 kilometers = _______________ millimeters 10. 0.65 liters = _______________ milliliters 11. 45.32 kilometers = _______________ centimeters 12. 23.56 grams _______________ kilograms = 13. 45.345 hectograms= _______________ kilograms 14. 3433 liters _______________ deciliters = 15. 0.0029 hectoliters= _______________ milliliter Centi Milli Word Parts: Word parts are an important part of the scientific world. Most scientific words stem from ______________ or ________________ backgrounds making them hard to understand. Breaking down words can often help us determine meanings of these complex words. Finding Word Parts: *Directions: Using the information located on the previous page, determine the meaning of each suffix/prefix listed below. 1. Bio (G) ______________ 17. therm ______________ 2. (o)logy ______________ 18. dermis ______________ 3. eu ______________ 19. zoo/zoa ______________ 4. pro ______________ 20. a/an ______________ 5. kary ______________ 21. bi/di (L) ______________ 6. uni/mono ______________ 22. tri ______________ 7. multi 23. photo ______________ ______________ 8. hetero ______________ 24. anti ______________ 9. homo (G) ______________ 25. tax ______________ 10. auto ______________ 26. (o)logist ______________ 11. trophos ______________ 27. centi ______________ 12. micro ______________ 28. milli ______________ 13. macro ______________ 29. deca ______________ 14. endo ______________ 30. kilo ______________ 15. ecto ______________ 31. hecto ______________ 16. exo ______________ 32. deci _____________ Word Parts Worksheet: Using what you now know about word parts, determine the meanings of the following scientific terms. (*Entomology =study of insects) 1. Ectotherm _____________________________________ 2. Prokaryotic _____________________________________ 3. Multicellular _____________________________________ 4. Eukaryotic _____________________________________ 5. microscopy _____________________________________ 6. autotroph _____________________________________ 7. homozygous _____________________________________ 8. exoskeleton _____________________________________ 9. unicellular _____________________________________ 10. microbiologist _____________________________________ 11. endotherm _____________________________________ 12. endoskeleton _____________________________________ 13. heterotrophic _____________________________________ 14. abiotic _____________________________________ 15. zoology _____________________________________ 16. heterozygous _____________________________________ 17. homeostasis _____________________________________ 18. cephalopod _____________________________________ 19. epidermis _____________________________________ 20. synthesis _____________________________________ 21. kilometer _____________________________________ 22. century _____________________________________ 23. millipede _____________________________________ 24. decibel _____________________________________ 25. hectoliter _____________________________________ Scientific Theories and Laws Vocab Term Theory Definition Scientific Law *****A theory can be used to explain a law Properties Example