Download Chemistry Test Review1 – 8th Science Vocabulary: Element 24

Chemistry Test Review1 – 8th Science
Vocabulary:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
Element
Atom
Proton
Neutron
Electron
subatomic particles
atomic number
atomic mass unit
atomic mass
mass number
valence electron
valence shell
octet rule
period
shell/energy level
group/family
metals
nonmetals
metalloids
Bohr model of the atom
Lewis Dot Diagrams of an atom
Representative elements
Transition elements
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
Physical Change
1. change in state of matter
2. changing the shape
3. a reaction does NOT occur
density
electronegativity
solid
liquid
gas
sublimation
brittle
elasticity
hardness
malleable
ductile
Scientists
pressure
Physical change
Chemical change
Chemical Change
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Gas formation
Temperature change
Color change
Smell
Precipitate formation
a reaction occurs
Things to Know:
How to determine the number of neutrons in an atom
How to read the periodic table
The difference between mass number and atomic mass
The charge and location of each type of subatomic particle (proton, neutron,
electron)
Electrons
Which ones have the most energy
Which ones have the least energy
Trends in the Periodic Table
Atomic Radius - size
Valence electrons
Characteristics of Metals and Nonmetals
How to draw a Bohr model of an atom
How to draw the Lewis Dot Diagram of an atom
How to calculate Density
How to convert between area units and volume units
Activities We Did in Class:
Drawing Bohr Models of atoms
Drawing Lewis Dot Diagrams of atoms
Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment
Test Your Metal Lab
Periodic Table Scavenger Hunt – know how to determine the numbers of protons,
neutrons, electrons, the period and number of valence electrons for atoms
Atom Builder Game
6 Scientists
Parts, Purpose, Complexity for the different DEMOs we did
I.
1.
2.
Know the Chemistry Rules:
# of protons = # of electrons
Atomic Mass – Atomic Number = # of Neutrons
(P + N) – (P) = # of Neutrons
3. Electrons in the energy levels
1st energy level
2e
nd
2 energy level
8e
rd
3 energy level
18 e
II: Draw some atoms with Lewis Dot Diagram
Cl
Li
Cl
Li
H
Na
N
N
Ne
III: Draw the Bohr model of the following atoms:
Argon
Magnesium
Bromine
Oxygen
NOTE: When you draw these be sure and DO NOT draw dots. Add electrons like
this: 2 e-
IV: Trends in the Periodic Table
1. Size of the atom:
From left to right across a period: atom gets smaller because there are more
protons and electrons being added so that increases the attraction the positive
nucleus has for the negative valence electrons. But you are NOT adding another
energy level. This results in the atom shrinking in because of the force of attraction
between the positive nucleus and the valence electrons.
From Period 1 down through Period 7:
The atom gets bigger because more energy levels are being added.
2 Valence Electrons:
Across a Period: the number of valence electrons increases by one with each square
you move to the right.
Down a Family or Group:
For the representative elements, each group has a set or unique number of valence
electrons and all the elements in that group have the same number. This number
doesn’t change.
3. Don’t worry about melting and boiling points – we didn’t get to that.
V.
Find the following:
Name
1. Hydrogen
Symbol
H
Atomic Mass Atomic #
1.008
1
#P
1
#e
1
#N
0
2. Beryllium
Be
9.0122
4
3. Carbon
C
12.01
4. Aluminum
Al
5. Silver
# V e1
4
4
5
2
6
6
6
6
4
26.98
13
13
13
14
3
Ag
107.87
47
47
47
61
1
6. Lead
Pb
207.2
82
82
82
125
4
7. Copper
Cu
63.546
29
29
29
35
2
8. Iron
Fe
55.845
26
26
26
30
2,3
9. Mercury
Hg
200.59
80
80
80
121
1,2
10. Bromine
Br
79.904
35
35
35
45
7