Download AP United States History

AP United States History
Civil War and Reconstruction
Multiple Choice Test
1. In 1861 the North went to war with the South primarily to:
a) liberate the slaves
b) prevent European powers from meddling in American affairs
c) preserve the Union
d) avenge political defeats and insults inflicted by the South
e) forestall a Southern invasion of the North
2. The North’s advantages over the South at the outbreak of the Civil War included all of the following EXCEPT:
a) the guarantee of support from both Britain and France
b) more substantial industrial resources
c) a more extensive railroad network
d) naval supremacy
e) manpower for both armies and war support in major cities
3. In the Presidential campaign of 1860, which of the following positions was asserted by the Republican Party platform
with respect to slavery?
a) slavery should be abolished immediately by the federal government
b) the extension of slavery to other countries should be prohibited
c) the Missouri Compromise line should be extended to the Pacific Ocean, and slavery should be protected below
that line
d) the gradual emancipation of the slaves should begin, and the federal government should compensate slave
owners for the loss of property
e) the extension of slavery to United States territories should be prohibited, but slavery should be protected in the
states where it already existed
4. Of the following, the most threatening problem for the Union from 1861-1863 was:
a) possible British recognition of the Confederacy
b) Spanish intervention in Santo Domingo
c) French objections to the Union blockade
d) British insistence on the abolition of slavery
e) British objections to the Union position on “continuous voyage”
5. The so-called border states at the time of the outbreak of the Civil War were those states:
a) bordering the Atlantic
b) which might but did not join the Confederacy
c) bordering the Mississippi River south of Missouri
d) bordering Canada that Confederate sympathizers could raid from Canada
e) which bordered Mexico
6. The Confederate strategy for winning the Civil War required:
a) getting aid from Britain and France
b) blockading major ports
c) taking the offensive on three separate fronts
d) splitting the Union
e) capturing the Union capital
7. The Emancipation Proclamation accomplished all of the following EXCEPT:
a) improving Union morale
b) preparing the way for the abolition of slavery
c) freeing all the slaves immediately
d) giving blacks a reason to join the Union army
e) continuing the war despite an offer to the South to lay down their arms
8. Conscription laws established by both the North and the South during the Civil War:
a) allowed both navies to recruit experienced gunboat captains
b) allowed men with money or property to escape the fighting
c) were considered fair and just by men from both sides
d) gave preferential treatment to soldiers who enlisted in the infantry
e) did not apply to anyone holding political office
9. Which of the following is incorrectly paired?
a) Robert E. Lee – Commander of the Army of Northern Virginia
b) William T. Sherman – Battle of Atlanta, March to the Sea
c) Ulysses S. Grant – Commander of Union troops in the west and later in Virginia
d) Jefferson Davis – architect of the Union’s Anaconda strategy
e) John Wilkes Booth – assassinated President Lincoln in April 1865
10. The Confederate defeat at Vicksburg was important because it:
a) ended the last major Confederate invasion of the North
b) resulted in the Confederacy being split in half along the Mississippi River
c) caused Jefferson Davis to resign as president of the Confederacy
d) forced Robert E. Lee to leave Virginia and take command in the West
e) allowed Sherman to enter Georgia practically untouched
11. Why did Congressional Reconstruction end in 1877?
a) the freed slaves had been successfully integrated into Southern society
b) the treaty ending the Civil War had set such a time limit
c) most of the politically active black people had left the South for Northern cities
d) the Republican and Democratic parties effected a compromise agreement after the 1876 presidential election
e) the United States needed the troops stationed in the South because of Mexican threats
12. Which of the following was a consequence of the shift to sharecropping in the late 19th century South?
a) a major redistribution of land ownership
b) a diversification of crops
c) a cycle of debt and depression for Southern tenant farmers
d) a rise in cotton yields per acre from antebellum production yields
e) the termination of the control exerted by white landowners over former slaves
13. Incidents involving members of Grant’s cabinet and the activities of the Tweed Ring in New York reflected:
a) increased governmental control over big business
b) the success of Populist reforms
c) the constantly fluctuation values of gold and silver
d) the widespread corruption that occurred at all levels of government in the post-Civil War years
e) the beginnings of organized labor
14. All of the following elements of the Radical Republican program were implemented during Reconstruction EXCEPT:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
the closing of the Freedmen’s Bureau
enactment of the 14th Amendment
military occupation of the South
punishment of Confederate leaders
restrictions on the power of the President
15. Many Radical Republicans realized that they needed the black vote for their party to stay in power, so they:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
abolished slavery
proposed the 15th Amendment
passed the 14th Amendment
renewed the Freedmen’s Bureau
repealed the 13th Amendment
16. Which was not a reason that southern whites regained control of the South in the 1870’s?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
the emergence of the Ku Klux Klan
the collapse of carpetbagger governments in the South
the restoration of former Confederate voting rights under the Amnesty Act of 1872
waning northern interest in southern causes
the veto of the renewal of the Freedmen’s Bureau
17. Which of the following is true of Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan?
a) it stipulated that at least ten percent of former slaves must be accorded the right to vote within a given southern
state before that state could be readmitted to the Union
b) it allowed the rights of citizenship only to those southerners who could take an oath that they had never been
disloyal to the Union
c) it allowed high ranking rebel officials to regain the right to vote and hold office
d) it was silent on the issue of extended suffrage
e) it provided for the restoration of loyal southern state governments to the Union
18. The Tenure of Office Act attempted to exercise control over the Presidency by:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
limiting the President’s veto power
limited the President’s control over foreign relations
prohibiting the President from appointing Supreme Court justices
prohibiting the President from removing Senate appointees
weakening the President’s negotiating powers concerning the passage of the 14th amendment
19. President Johnson vetoed the renewal of the Freedmen’s Bureau in 1866 because:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
he felt it was doing little good for the former slaves
he was a former slave owner
he felt that the responsibility for operation should be turned over to the states
there was no money in the federal budget for the program to continue
most former slaves had returned to the plantation as sharecroppers
20. The Reconstruction plans of Lincoln and Johnson were:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
similar to the plans of the Radical Republicans
more lenient than the Congressional plans
included the swearing of allegiance to the United States and the payment of a readmission tax
accepted by Congress with no changes
largely supported by the Democratic party in the South