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Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Terminology: Definitions Review of some basic terms Bacteria vs. virus (infections) Disease or illness Cold vs. Flu (Virus vs. Bacteria) Fever Chills or Rigor It is important not to mistake them, to know exactly what they are and avoid any false friends. Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that thrive in many different types of environments. Viruses are even smaller than bacteria and require living hosts to multiply. Otherwise, they can't survive. There are some useful bacteria but all viruses are harmful. When a virus enters your body, it invades some of your cells and takes over the cell machinery, redirecting it to produce the virus. Perhaps the most important distinction between bacteria and viruses is that antibiotic drugs usually kill bacteria, but they aren't effective against viruses. In some cases, it may be difficult to determine whether a bacterium or a virus is causing your symptoms. Many ailments — such as pneumonia, meningitis and diarrhea — can be caused by either type of microbe. Inappropriate use of antibiotics has helped create strains of bacterial disease that are resistant to treatment with different types of antibiotic medications. A disturbance in the body or function of an organ or organs. Although these terms are used interchangeably, there is a difference between illness and disease. A disease is an alteration of the structure of the human body or mind while an illness refers to the human response to disease. A common cold is a viral infection; it is a milder respiratory illness than the flu, which is a contagious and infectious respiratory illness. While cold symptoms can make you feel bad for a few days, flu symptoms can make you feel quite ill for a few days to weeks. The flu, or influenza, can also result in serious health problems such as pneumonia. Both cold and flu are viruses. While a common cold, can be caused by more than 200 different viruses, seasonal flu is caused by either influenza A or B viruses. Is one of the most common medical signs and is characterized by an elevation from the set point for body temperature in the hypothalamus above the normal range of 36.5–37.5 °C (97.7–99.5 °F). A fever can be caused by many different conditions ranging from benign to potentially serious A shaking occurring during a high fever. It occurs because small signaling molecules called cytokines and locally acting messenger molecules prostaglandins are released as part of an immune response, causing a variety of effects, such as irregular contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle tissue. The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Terminology: Definitions Term Definition Acupuncture Needling of deep structures and use of pressure points in order to relieve pain. It is called a complementary therapy. ADD and ADHD (Attention Deficit –hyperactivity- Disorder) Any of a range of behavioral disorders occurring primarily in children One of the most common childhood disorders with symptoms that include a behavior that is predominantly over active, or hyperactive, difficulty controlling behavior, or impulsive, and difficulty concentrating, staying focused and paying attention, or inattentive Adenoids a mass of enlarged lymphatic tissue between the back of the nose and the throat, often hindering speaking and breathing in young children Agoraphobia Anxiety attacks caused by open spaces, public places as well as uncontrollable social situations such as the possibility of being met in shopping malls, airports, and on bridges – arachnophobia fear of spiders Air embolism Air bubbles in the blood; embolism in itself is any large moving mass or defect in the blood stream. Allopathy vs. Homeopathy Allopathy is the treatment of disease by conventional means, i.e., with drugs having opposite effects to the symptoms while homeopathy is a branch of medicine with a type of complementary therapy, characterized by the treatment of illness with minute doses of natural substances. Alopecia Baldness, hair loss Alzheimer's disease A serious form of dementia characterized by a progressive mental deterioration that can occur in middle or old age, due to generalized degeneration of the brain.. Alzheimer's causes a loss of brain function and it gradually gets worse over time, affecting memory, thinking, and behavior. The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Ambulatory Not bedridden, able to walk by oneself. Amniocentesis A diagnostic test carried out during pregnancy; the sampling of amniotic fluid using a hollow needle inserted into the uterus, to screen for developmental abnormalities in a fetus Amoebiasis A serious condition caused by eating contaminated food infected with amoebas which is a of Protozoa consisting of unicellular organisms that do not have a definite shape. In fact its Greek root means change. Amputation The surgical removal of a limb or part of a limb. Analgesic drugs Painkillers, which relieve pain without eliminating sensation Pain-relieving medications (anodynes) such as aspirin; Analgesic drugs act in various ways on the peripheral and central nervous systems Anemia Group of disorders affecting red blood cells; Insufficiency of red blood cells, either of quality or quantity. Anesthesia Reversible Loss of sensation, usually produced in order to permit a painless surgical operation. General anesthesia which causes reversible loss of consciousness. Local anesthesia, to cause loss of sensation for a limited region of the body while maintaining consciousness. Anesthetic A drug that causes anesthesia and is generally administered to facilitate surgery Aneurysm An excessive swelling of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall Angina Chest pain caused by atherosclerosis Anorexia nervosa Eating disorder Antacid drugs Treatment for acid reflux Antenatal (Prenatal) care Treatment from Conception to birth The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Anti-inflammatory drugs Medication which is used to reduce inflammation. Anticoagulant drugs Drugs that reduce the ability of the blood to clot Antidepressant medications Those that aid in combating a mentally depressed state. Aphasia Loss of speech and language disorder functions Apnea, sleep Pause in breathing or temporary stopping of breathing, often occurring during sleep. Appendectomy the surgical removal of the appendix of the intestine. Appendicitis Inflammation of the appendix Arrhythmia Lack of rhythm, applied especially to irregularities of heart beat. Arthritis Painful Inflammation of a joint. Arthroscopy A procedure wherein an orthopedist looks into a joint with a specially designed lighted hollow instrument; Modern method of examining or operating on a joint Artificial insemination It is the medical alternative to sexual intercourse, or natural insemination. It is the deliberate introduction of semen into a female's vagina or oviduct for the purpose of achieving a pregnancy through fertilization by means other than copulation. Asthma Chronic lung disorder Astigmatism An eye focusing problem The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Asymptomatic Without symptoms. Usually referring to someone who previously did have symptoms and is called asymptomatic when the symptoms no longer exist Atherosclerosis Narrowing of the arteries Athlete's foot fungal infection of the feet Atrial fibrillation Fast and irregular heart beat caused by muscular twitching involving the muscles of the atria of the heart acting without coordination Atrophy The destruction of an organ or tissues which had previously been normally developed due to degeneration of cells. Audiometry Hearing tests to measure the range and sensitivity of a person's sense of hearing Auscultation the process of listening to the internal sounds of the body, usually done by placing a stethoscope over the lungs, heart, or bowels Autism Autism is a disorder of neural development that affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize; it is characterized by impaired social interaction and verbal and non-verbal communication, and by restricted, repetitive or stereotyped behavior Barium enema Procedure for examining the intestine Beta blockers Drugs that tend to slow the heart rate and the force of heart contractions and lower the blood pressure. Binge eating Eating disorder characterized by excessive eating in a short time Biopsy Tissue sample; an examination of tissue surgically cut from a suspicious area of the body. The pathologist will study the tissue to check for cancer. The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Bipolar Bipolar disorder is a mental illness classified as a mood disorder. Individuals with bipolar disorder experience episodes of a frenzied mood known as mania alternating with episodes of depression. Blackouts Fainting, loss of consciousness Bladder infections Infections of the urine collecting sac Blood groups Types of blood classified depending on the presence or absence of some specific substances on the red blood cells. Groups A, B, AB and O are the common types of blood. Blood transfusion Replacing lost blood Bone deossification Demineralization of bone. Bone marrow donation In a bone marrow transplant, hematopoietic stem cells are removed from a person and infused into another person or into the same person at a later time. If the donor and recipient are compatible, these infused cells will then travel to the bone marrow and initiate blood cell production. Transplantation from one person to another is conducted for the treatment of severe bone marrow diseases, such as congenital defects, autoimmune diseases or malignancies Bone scan A process used to check for the presence of damage or changes in the bones which enables them to be seen long before they become visible on an ordinary X-ray. Bottle feeding Feeding your baby with a bottle Brain death Non-functioning brain and brainstem Brain injury Brain Damage Brain tumor Cancerous growth in the brain The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Breast lump Breast lumps are localized swellings that feel different from the surrounding breast tissue. It is a symptom/sign for a variety of conditions and approximately 10% of breast lumps ultimately lead to a diagnosis of breast cancer Broken bones or fractures A bone fracture is a medical condition in which there is a break in the continuity of the bone. A bone fracture can be the result of high force impact or stress, or trivial injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones Bronchitis Inflammation of air tubes of the lungs Bronchodilator drugs Drugs that widen the airways of the lungs to ease breathing difficulties Brucellosis Infectious disease of cattle; it is caused by ingestion of unsterilized milk or meat from infected animals or close contact with their secretions Bulimia is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating and purging, or consuming a large amount of food in a short amount of time followed by an attempt to rid oneself of the food consumed (purging), typically by vomiting, taking a laxative, diuretic, or stimulant, and/or excessive exercise, because of an extensive concern for body weigh Bunion Deformed big toe Bursitis Inflammation of a bursa that are small sacs of fluid in the cavities of the joints. Movement of tendons and muscles over the inflamed bursa becomes difficult and painful and serve to aggravate the inflammation, perpetuating the problem. Carpal tunnel syndrome Numbness, weakness and pain in the hand, involving especially the index, middle and ring fingers, due to compression of the medial nerve at the wrist. The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Cartilage damage Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue found in many areas in the bodies. It is not as hard and rigid as bone but is stiffer and less flexible than muscle. Cartilage structures and functions can be damaged. Such damage can result from a variety of causes, such as a bad fall or traumatic sport-accident, previous knee injuries or wear and tear over time. Immobilization for long periods can also result in cartilage damage Cataract surgery A cataract is a clouding of the lens inside the eye which leads to a decrease in vision. It is the most common cause of blindness and is conventionally treated with surgery Catarrh Nasal congestion Catheter A hollow rubber, plastic, or glass tube for passage into a structure, for the purpose of injecting or removing fluid or blood. Celiac disease Inflammation of the small intestine caused by sensitivity to gluten Cellulitis Tissue inflammation Cerebral palsy Brain activity disorder; it denotes a group of motor conditions that cause physical disability in human development, chiefly in the various areas of body movement; palsy is not a progressive disorder and is not contagious Cerebrovascular Any disease affecting an artery in the brain Chemotherapy Cancer treatment by drugs that are toxic to living cells. Chest infection Bacterial or viral infection in the lungs Chickenpox Is a highly contagious disease caused by primary infection with varicella zoster virus. It usually starts with skin rash mainly on the body and head. Chickenpox is an airborne disease which spreads easily through coughing or sneezing of ill individuals or through direct contact with secretions from the rash The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Chiropractic Manipulation of bones, joints and muscles Chlamydia Common sexually transmitted infection caused by a bacterium. Chlamydia can infect both men and women and can cause serious, permanent damage to a woman's reproductive organs. Cholesterol, High Cholesterol is an organic molecule and an essential structural component of cell membranes, it is formed predominantly in the liver; hypercholesterolemia is the presence of high levels of cholesterol in the blood and onstanding elevation of cholesterol can lead to atherosclerosis Circumcision Surgical removal of the foreskin Cirrhosis Is a consequence of chronic liver disease leading to loss of liver function Cleft lip and palate Gap in the upper lip or roof of the mouth Clinical trials A research project to test new or different types of treatments or drugs CO poisoning Carbon monoxide poisoning Colic Abdominal pain and distress in babies Colostomy Procedure to divert the colon; a bag or artificial opening through which the bowel can empty Complementary Alternative medicine Condoms (male and female) Barrier contraceptives Congenital heart disease Heart disease present at birth Congestive heart failure Decreased heart function and clogging of the lungs which was present from birth The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Conjunctivitis Inflammation of the conjunctiva, the mucous membrane that covers the front of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids. Constipation Difficulty or delay emptying the bowels Contraception Methods of birth control Contraceptive patch Method of Contraceptive using a skin patch Convulsion or seizure A sudden, violent, irregular movement of a limb or of the body, caused by involuntary contraction of muscles and associated esp. with brain disorders such as epilepsy, the presence of certain toxins or other agents in the blood, or fever in children. COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) A progressive disease that makes it hard to breathe and which gets worse over time, causing coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and other symptoms. Corneal injury Injury to the main lens of the eye Coronary angioplasty Surgery to repair heart arteries Coronary artery bypass Treatment for narrowing of the coronary arteries Coronary heart disease Interruption of blood supply to the heart Croup inflammation of the larynx and trachea in children, associated with infection and causing breathing difficulties. CT (Computerized tomography) or CAT scan An X-ray image made using computerized axial tomography; The simultaneous taking of many x-rays from many angles, thus giving a highly defined set of pictures of an organ or organs. Cyst a thin-walled, hollow organ or cavity containing a liquid secretion The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Cystic fibrosis Inherited disorder causing thick secretions; it affects most critically the lungs, and also the pancreas, liver, and intestine. Cystitis Urinary tract infection; Inflammation of the bladder lining D&C (Dilation and Curettage) An operation to scrape out the lining of the womb, refers to the dilation (widening/opening) of the cervix and surgical removal of part of the lining of the uterus and/or contents of the uterus by scraping and scooping (curettage) Deafblindness Dual sensory impairment, deaf and blind Decongestant drugs This is a type of pharmaceutical drug that is used to relieve congestion usually in the upper respiratory tract. Defibrillator A piece of equipment that provides an electrical shock to a heart to restore its natural rhythm. Dehydration Reduction of water in the body Dental abscess Collection of pus around the root of a tooth Dental decay Caries of the teeth Depression, clinical A mental state of depressed mood characterized by feelings of sadness, despair, discouragement, inability to concentrate, insomnia, and feelings of rejection and guilt. Diabetes A long-term metabolism disorder in which there is too much glucose (sugar) in the blood and then excessive amounts of glucose accumulate in the blood. here are two types of diabetes: Type 1 and type 2. In Diabetes Type 1 the body is not producing insulin, while in Diabetes Type 2 the cells are not responding properly to the insulin; Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas. The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Dialysis S process for removing waste and excess water from the blood, and is used primarily as an artificial replacement for lost kidney function in people with renal failure or failure of the kidneys Diaphragms Contraception method; it is s a cervical barrier that creates a seal against the walls of the vagina Diarrhea Frequent bowel movement often in a liquid form. Diastolic pressure and Systolic pressure Blood pressure is the amount of force – or pressure - that blood exerts on the walls of the blood vessels as it passes through them. There are two pressures measured for blood pressure: Diastolic blood pressure measures the pressure in your blood vessels between heartbeats when the muscle is relaxed and Systolic blood pressure is the pressure while the heart is beating) Diphtheria It is an upper respiratory tract infectious disease spread by direct physical contact or breathing the aerosolized secretions of infected individuals. Historically quite common, diphtheria has largely been eradicated in industrialized nations through widespread vaccination Diplopia Double vision Diverticular problems It is a common digestive disease which involves the formation of pouches called diverticula within the bowel which are outpockets of mucosa and submucosa from the colon due to a weakness of muscle layers in the colon wall. It includes diverticulosis and when the diverticula become inflamed it causes diverticulitis<s Dorsum The back of an organ or body part. Down's syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21.[1] Down syndrome is the most common chromosome abnormality in humans. It is typically associated with physical growth delays, a particular set of facial characteristics and a severe degree of intellectual disability Dysentery Infection of the intestines causing severe diarrhea The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Dyslexia Reading disability Dyspepsia Indigestion; It is a medical condition characterized by chronic or recurrent pain in the upper abdomen, upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected when eating. Ear infection or Otitis Inflammation or infection of the ear Earwax or cerumen Substance secreted in the ear canal of humans and other mammals. It protects the skin of the human ear canal, assists in cleaning and lubrication, and also provides some protection from bacteria, fungi, insects and water. Excess or impacted cerumen can press against the eardrum and/or occlude (block) the external auditory canal or hearing aids, potentially hindering hearing. Eating disorders Abnormal attitude towards food Echocardiogram (Echo) A test of the action of the heart using ultrasound waves to produce a visual display; the recordings give important information on the health of the heart muscles and heart function and is used for the diagnosis or monitoring of heart disease. EKG or ECG (Electrocardiogram) The recording of the electrical impulses of the heart. Such tracings often give an accurate picture of heart abnormalities and disease. Echocardiograms and electrocardiograms are diagnostic devices used to determine heart health. The two may sound similar, but what they do is entirely different. An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) measures electrical conductivity of the heart. An echocardiogram displays the structure and motions of your heart EEG (Electroencephalogram) The recording of brain waves. Such tracings often give an accurate picture of brain disease or injury. Ectopic pregnancy complication of pregnancy in which the embryo implants outside the uterine cavity.[ Eczema (atopic) An inflammatory and itchy skin disorder that is relapsing and non-contagious The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition ED (Erectile Dysfunction) ED is the inability of a man to maintain an erection sufficient for satisfying sexual activity. Electrolytes A liquid or gel that contains ions and can be decomposed by electrolysis Embolism Blockage in an artery Emergency contraception Emergency contraception is birth control that prevents pregnancy after sex, which is why it is sometimes called "the morning after pill," "the day after pill," or "morning after contraception." Emollients Moisturizers; a preparation that softens the skin Emphysema a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness. Encephalitis Inflammation of the brain Endoscope An instrument used to look into body cavities and openings, such as a gastro scope used to examine the stomach. Endoscopy Procedure to view inside the body to make a visual examination of the interior of a hollow body organ by use of an endoscope Epidural anesthesia It is a Form of pain relief. An epidural is an injection into the space around the dura mater of the spinal cord on your back, using a curved, hollow needle. It is specially used during childbirth to produce loss of sensation below the waist. Epilepsy Brain seizures Episiotomy Vaginal cut The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition ER, ED, A&E (Emergency Room, Emergency Department ,Accident & Emergency Department) is a medical treatment facility specializing in acute care of patients who present without prior appointment, either by their own means or by ambulance. The emergency department is usually found in a hospital or other primary care center. Euthanasia Intentionally ending the life of a seriously ill person Exacerbation Flare-up or relapse of a condition or disease. Fallopian tube The passage way connecting the uterus to the ovary Fascia Connective tissue located in various places throughout the body, such as beneath the skin, in between muscles, around blood vessels or nerves, etc. Febrile Feverish; relating to an elevation in body temperature above 98.6° F. Fibroids Benign tumor of the womb Fibromyalgia Musculoskeletal pain and fatigue disorder; Sometimes called fibrositis, this is a common condition that is associated with widespread aching, stiffness and fatigue, and originates in muscles and soft tissues. Fibrosis Thickening and scarring of connective tissue which replaces the normal components of a structure. Fibula Outer bone of the lower leg First Aid The provision of initial care for an illness or injury usually performed by trained personnel to a sick or injured person until definitive medical treatment can be accessed Flatulence Wind or gas The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Fluoride Natural mineral found in some foods Frostbite Tissue damage due to freezing weather Frozen shoulder Stiffness and pain in the shoulder Functional disease One associated with an upset in function rather than a change in structure, such as migraine headaches, mucous colitis, etc. GAD (Generalized Anxiety Disorder) An anxiety disorder that lasts for more than six months, characterized by chronic worry and tension or sweating or trembling or lightheadedness or irritability Gallstones and Kidney stones and Bladder stones Stones are Crystallization of waste products and when they are found in the gallbladder they are gallstones and when found in the kidneys they are called kidney stones and in the bladder they are bladder stones Gangrene Death of tissue, due to loss of blood supply Gastroenteritis Inflammatory condition of the intestines Genetics Inherited characteristics Gingivitis Gum disease characterized by Bleeding of the gums Glaucoma Common group of eye conditions of increased pressure within the eyeball, causing gradual loss of sight. Glucose tolerance test A blood test to determine the presence of diabetes or a tendency towards its development. It is also used to determine the presence of hypoglycemia. Goiter An enlargement of the thyroid gland The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Gonorrhea Venereal disease Gout Metabolic disorder causing arthritis or inflammation about a joint caused by excess uric acid in the blood. Attacks occur suddenly and are accompanied by great pain. The big toe is a frequent site. Hangover Symptoms after drinking large amounts of alcohol Hay fever Seasonal allergy caused by pollen or dust in which the mucous membranes of the eyes and nose are itchy and inflamed, causing a runny nose and watery eyes. Head injury Trauma to the head Health records Medical records Hearing impairment Deafness Heart attack a sudden and sometimes fatal occurrence of coronary thrombosis, typically resulting in the death of part of a heart muscle; occurs when the blood vessels which supply blood to the heart are blocked Heart block Irregular or slow heartbeat Heart failure Decreased heart function Heartburn A form of indigestion Heatstroke Overheating, heat exhaustion Hematemesis Vomiting of blood. Hemophilia An inherited bleeding disorder The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Hemorrhage Severe bleeding Hemorrhoids a swollen vein or group of veins in the region of the anus. Hepatitis a disease characterized by inflammation of the liver. Hernia condition in which part of an organ is displaced and protrudes through the wall of the cavity containing it (often involving the intestine at a weak point in the abdominal wall). Hernia Hiatal or inguinal Hiccup Sudden squeeze of the diaphragm Hip replacement Replacement of hip joint with prosthetics HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) Human Immunodeficiency Virus is a lot like other viruses, including those that cause the "flu" or the common cold. But there is an important difference – over time, your immune system can clear most viruses out of your body. That isn't the case with HIV – the human immune system can't seem to get rid of it. Scientists are still trying to figure out why. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection. People at this stage of HIV disease have badly damaged immune systems Holistic medicine That type which considers the individual as a whole, and places responsibility for maintenance of health upon the individual himself. Home tests Tests that are carried out at home like HIV test and pregnancy tests. Hospital admission and discharge Going into hospital and leaving the hospital. The admission process collects all the biometrics of the patient including insurance information or forms of payment and also well known health conditions and medication the patient is taking; discharge instructions are the instructions provided to the patient for his or her medical care or continuation of treatment at home upon release from a hospital The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition HRT (Hormone Replacement Therapy) In menopause is medical treatment; Its goal is to mitigate discomfort caused by diminished circulating estrogen and progesterone hormones HSV-1 (Herpes simplex) a herpes virus that causes oral herpes; it is also commonly known as Cold sore HSV-2 (Genital herpes) disease characterized by blisters in the genital area, caused by a variety of the herpes simplex virus. Huntington's disease a hereditary disease marked by degeneration of the brain cells and causing chorea and progressive dementia Hyperbaric chamber A specially devised room in which the oxygen content is greater than under ordinary atmospheric conditions. Hysterectomy Removal of the womb Hypothalamus An area of the brain that produces hormones that control one’s hunger, mood, and temperature. Hyperglycemia High glucose level; Excessive sugar in the blood. Hypoglycemia Low glucose level; Too little sugar in the blood Hypertension High blood pressure. Hypotension Low blood pressure. Hyperthyroidism Thyroid, over-active (The thyroid is a gland in the neck that secretes hormones regulating growth and development through the rate of metabolism) Hypothyroidism Thyroid, under-active Hypothermia Abnormally low body temperature The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Hypermetropia Long-sightedness IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) A widespread condition involving recurrent abdominal pain and diarrhea or constipation, often associated with stress, depression, anxiety, or previous intestinal infection. ICU, ITU, CCU (Intensive Care or Intensive Treatment or Critical Care Unit) Is a special department of a hospital or health care facility that cater to patients with the most severe and lifethreatening illnesses and injuries; that require constant, close monitoring and support from specialist equipment and medication in order to maintain normal bodily functions Immune system The body mechanism that protects against harmful invaders, including the production of antibodies. Immunization Vaccination Impotence The inability of a male to achieve an erection and an orgasm Incision The process of using a scalpel to cut through the skin during surgery. Incontinence Loss of control of your bowel or bladder. Called fecal incontinence if it is a loss of bowel control and called urinary incontinence if it is an accidental leakage from the bladder Infertility Difficulty getting pregnant Insomnia Difficulty in sleeping Irritable hip A limiting condition in which there is an inflammation of the inner lining of the capsule of the hip joint Ischemia Lack of blood supply to an organ or part due to a spasm or shutting down of the artery which supplies it. IUD (Intrauterine Device) IUD is a long - term birth control method; this Contraceptive device fits inside the womb physically preventing pregnancy The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition IVF (In-vitro Fertilization) A process by which an egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body: it is a major treatment for infertility when other methods of assisted reproductive technology have failed Jet lag Temporary disruption to body clock after travel Joint hypermobility Connective tissue disorder that creates joints that stretch farther than is normal Kawasaki disease a disease of unknown cause, occurring primarily in young children and giving rise to a rash, glandular swelling, and sometimes damage to the heart. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca Dry eye syndrome Kidney failure Chronic renal failure – the inability of the kidneys to excrete wastes and to help maintain the electrolyte balance Kidney transplant Transfer of a healthy kidney from one person to another Knee replacement Surgery to replace a damaged or diseased knee joint Lactose intolerance Inability to digest milk sugar Laparoscopy a surgical procedure in which a fiber-optic instrument is inserted through the abdominal wall to view the organs in the abdomen or to permit a surgical procedure. Laryngitis Inflammation of the voice box Laxatives Drugs that help the bowels work Lazy eye or Amblyopia an eye with poor vision that is mainly caused by underuse, esp. the unused eye in strabismus. The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Lead poisoning Poisoning from lead or lead compounds Leukemia Cancer of the white blood cells; disease in which the white corpuscles uncontrollably multiply in the body tissues or blood. Liposuction Surgical removal of excess body fat; an invasive cosmetic procedure that involves removing fat cells from the body. Liver transplant Surgery to replace the liver Lumbar puncture Procedure to take a sample of the spinal fluid Lupus An autoimmune disease that can affect any part of the body resulting in inflammation and damage of the connective tissue; the connective tissue is a kind supports, connects, or separates different types of tissues and organs of the body Lyme disease Bacterial disease transmitted by ticks, characterized by a ring-shaped rash surrounding the bite area, fever, and attacks of pain and stiffness that resembles arthritis. Lymphoma A malignant tumor on the tissues of the lymphatic system (the network of vessels through which lymph drains from the tissues into the blood) Malaise A feeling of being ill or unwell. Malaria Tropical disease spread by mosquitoes causing an intermittent and remittent fever Malignant melanoma A tumor of the cells that produce melanin Mastectomy The surgical removal of one or both breasts, either partially or completely. The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Mastitis Inflammation of the breast Measles Highly contagious viral illness; an infectious viral disease causing fever and a red rash on the skin, typically occurring in childhood. Melanoma A serious type of skin cancer. It is most likely to spread into the liver and lymph nodes. Meningitis inflammation of the meninges caused by viral or bacterial infection and marked by intense headache and fever, sensitivity to light, and muscular rigidity, leading (in severe cases) to convulsions, delirium, and death. Menstrual Periods Menstruation Menopause The end of menstruation Menorrhagia, Amenorrhea, Dysmenorrhea Menstrual Periods Heavy, absent, painful Migraine Severe headache often associated with spots before the eyes, nausea and vomiting. The attacks tend to come on suddenly and are recurrent. Minimally invasive surgery Operations performed through an endoscope or laparoscope, utilizing the smallest incisions, some no more than approximately two- thirds of an inch in diameter. Miscarriage Spontaneous end of pregnancy MMR (Measles, Mumps and Rubella) The MMR vaccine is an immunization vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella (also called German measles). It is a mixture of live attenuated viruses of the three diseases, administered via injection Mononucleosis Infectious glandular fever due to an abnormally high proportion of monocytes in the blood. The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Motion sickness Also known as travel sickness is a condition in which a disagreement exists between visually perceived movement and the vestibular system's sense of movement; Dizziness, fatigue, and nausea are the most common symptoms of motion sickness Mouth ulcer Sometimes called canker sores is an open sore inside the mouth MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imagining) A technique for viewing internal organs and bones; and for creating many of the images formerly revealed only by X- rays. MRI's use no radioactive rays. MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus) The term is used to describe a number of strains of the bacteria that are resistant to a number of antibiotics, including a semisynthetic form of penicillin called methicillin Multiple sclerosis A chronic Neurological disorder leading to partial paralysis, changes in speech, inability to walk, etc. Mumps a contagious and infectious viral disease causing swelling of the parotid salivary glands in the face, and a risk of sterility in adult males. Munchausen’s syndrome a mental disorder in which a person repeatedly feigns severe illness so as to obtain hospital treatment. Munchausen by proxy is a disorder in which a person deliberately causes injury or illness to another person (most often his/her child), usually to gain attention or some other benefit Muscle relaxants Group of drugs that subdue of reduce the intensity of muscle spasms and thus tend to relieve the pain accompanying the spasms. Muscular dystrophy Hereditary muscle disorder marked by progressive weakening and wasting of the muscles. Myalgia Pain in muscles, as in lumbago, rheumatism, etc. Myopia Short-sightedness The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Narcolepsy A condition characterized by an extreme tendency to fall asleep whenever in relaxing surroundings Natural family planning Birth control method by which sexual intercourse is restricted to the times of a woman's menstrual cycle when ovulation is least likely to occur. Nerve block The injection of an anesthetic agent into or around a nerve in order to blot out impulses which travel through it and to produce loss of sensation to the area supplied by the nerve. Nervous breakdown Serious psychological trauma - a period of mental illness resulting from severe depression, stress, or anxiety Neuralgia Pain along the route of or from a sensory nerve Neuropathy Any disease of nerve tissues. Neurosis a relatively mild mental illness that is not caused by organic disease, involving symptoms of stress (depression, anxiety, obsessive behavior, hypochondria) but not a radical loss of touch with reality Neurovascular A term that pertains to both the neurologic and vascular structures. OB/Gyn (ObstetricianGynecologist) A physician who specializes in medical and surgical care to women with expertise in pregnancy, childbirth, and disorders of the of the reproductive system Obesity Excess body fat Occupational therapy Education and retraining for an injured or handicapped person. OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder) Mental health problem; OCD is an anxiety disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts that produce uneasiness, apprehension, fear, or worry, by repetitive behaviors aimed at reducing anxiety, or by a combination of such thoughts (obsessions) and behaviors (compulsions) The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Onychomycosis Fungal nail infection Operations Surgical procedures or surgery, which is the treatment of injuries or disorders of the body by incision or manipulation, esp. with instruments. Oral thrush Fungal infection of the mouth Organ donation Donating your organs mostly after death but sometimes even while being alive, as in the case of kidneys Orthodontics Straightening or moving teeth Osteoarthritis Degenerative joint disorder ; A form of arthritis associated with bone and cartilage degeneration; seen mostly in aging people. Osteoporosis A loss in bony substances producing brittleness and softness of bones; often seen in aging people or those with debility (weakness). Ovarian cyst Cyst on or within the ovary Pain killer (painkiller) A substance such as a medication or herb used to relieve pain. Analgesics. Pain threshold The point at which one feels pain. A person with a low pain threshold feels pain sooner than one with a high threshold. Pain tolerance level The greatest level of pain that a subject is prepared to tolerate. Because the pain tolerance level is the subjective experience of the individual, the same considerations limit the clinical value of pain tolerance level as pain threshold. Palliative A medication given to relieve, not to cure; or a form of treatment directed toward relief rather than a cure applied when true cure is not possible. The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Palsy Paralysis, esp. that which is accompanied by involuntary tremors Pancreatitis Inflammation of the pancreas Pandemic A widespread epidemic Panic disorder Persistent and overwhelming fear Pap Smear or Papanicolaou Test A screening test used to detect potentially pre-cancerous and cancerous processes in the endocervical canal of women Paranoid disorders Paranoia is a thought process heavily influenced by anxiety or fear, often to the point of irrationality and delusion. Paranoid thinking typically includes persecutory beliefs concerning a perceived threat Parkinson's disease and slow, imprecise movement, chiefly affecting middle-aged and elderly people. It is associated with degeneration of the basal ganglia of the brain and a deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine Peptic ulcer Gastric, stomach and duodenal ulcers; an ulcer is an open sore on an external or internal surface of the body, caused by a break in the skin or mucous membrane that fails to heal. Perforated eardrum an eardrum with a hole or tear in it; can interfere with normal hearing and cause other ear problems Periphery The part of the body away from the center. Phlebotomy The process of using a needle or syringe to obtain a blood sample from a patient. Phobia Excessive or irrational fear Physical therapy Treatments with manipulation, exercises, message, heat, cold, stimulators, etc. used to assist recovery and movement of limb after injury or surgery. The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Pituitary gland a small ductless gland at the base of the brain. It influences body metabolism and growth Plasma products Substances derived from plasma Plastic surgery Also known as cosmetic surgery PMS (Premenstrual Syndrome) This term refers to a combination of symptoms that some women suffer from a week or so before their period. Pneumococcal infections Bacterial infection, usually of lungs Pneumonia Inflammation of one or both lungs Poliomyelitis Also known as polio - an infectious viral disease that affects the central nervous system and can cause temporary or permanent paralysis. Polyps A small growth, typically a benign tumor, protruding from a mucous membrane Post-mortem Body examination after death PPD or PND (Post-partum or Post-natal Depression) Clinical depression, typically after childbirth Pre-eclampsia Condition occurring during or after pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, sometimes with fluid retention and proteinuria. Preconception Health before conception Pressure ulcers Pressure sores, Bedsores The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Prostate disease Disease of the prostate, which is a compound tubuloalveolar exocrine gland of the male reproductive system Psoriasis Common non-infectious skin disease marked by red, itchy, scaly patches Psychiatry Treating behavioral disorders Psychosis A severe mental disorder in which thought and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality. PTS-D (Post-Traumatic Symptom - or Stress Disorder) Multiple symptoms including headache, dizziness, weakness, blurred vision, muscle aches and pains, occurring and persisting after an injury has apparently healed or after a traumatic event Pulmonary embolism Sudden blocking of an artery in the lung Pyelonephritis Severe Infection and inflammation of the kidney Rabies Deadly infection of the nervous system commonly transmitted by a sick animal Radiation In biology, radiation has a different meaning than in physics. It means divergence out from a central point. Radiotherapy the treatment of disease, esp. cancer, using X-rays or similar forms of radiation Rectal examination Examination of the anus and rectum Referred pain Pain which is felt some distance from the site of it's origin. Reflex An uncontrollable (involuntary) response to a particular stimulation; Flowing in a backward direction, as the flowing of the intestinal contents back to the stomach. Relapse Refers to the return of a certain disease after its resolution The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Remission A clearing up of a disease or it's symptoms. Renal colic Severe pain in the loin Respiratory rate The number of breaths per minute. The normal adult inhales approximately twenty times per minute. Respiratory tract infection Infection of the upper or lower tracts Respite care Is the provision of short-term, temporary relief to those who are caring for family members and other unpaid care givers of children with a developmental delay and adults with an intellectual disability in order to support and maintain the primary care giving relationship. Restless leg syndrome Disorder characterized by an unpleasant tickling or twitching sensation in the leg muscles when sitting or lying down, which is relieved only by moving the legs Retinal detachment Visual impairment resulting from the retina becoming separated from the choroid in the back of the eye Retinopathy Condition of the retina that results in impairment or loss of vision and is often associated with diabetes. Rheumatoid arthritis Swelling and stiffness of the joints Rheumatologist A specialist in diseases involving the joints, particularly arthritic conditions. Rhinitis Inflammation of the lining of the nose Root canal treatment The procedure used to treat a tooth where the tooth pulp has died and become infected Rosacea Inflammatory condition of the face The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Rubella Commonly known as German measles it is a contagious viral disease, with symptoms like mild measles. It can cause fetal malformation if contracted in early pregnancy. SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) It is a contagious and life-threatening respiratory infection caused by the SARS Coronavirus. Most infected people develop pneumonia. Scabies Itchy skin condition Scarlet fever Infectious bacterial disease affecting esp. children, and causing fever and a scarlet rash. Scars Marks left when tissue has healed Schizophrenia Psychiatric disorder ; sever mental disorder in which a person becomes unable to act in a rational way, often accompanied by hallucinations or delusions. Sciatica Pain in the sciatic nerve; A condition in which there is severe pain in the lower back and down the back of the thigh and leg along the route traveled by the sciatic nerve. It is associated with an inflammation of the sciatic nerve and may lead to numbness, tingling, and wasting of the muscles supplied by the sciatic nerve. Scoliosis abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. SCS (Spinal Cord A method of pain relief which uses a small neurostimulation system that is surgically placed under the skin to send mild electrical impulses to the spinal cord. Stimulation) Seizure Temporary brain dysfunction due to abnormal electrical discharges in the brain Septicemia Blood poisoning The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Serotonin A chemical found in the blood which causes blood vessels to constrict and contract. this compound acts as a neurotransmitter Shingles Chicken Pox in adults Short term memory The ability to remember recent events. Sickle-cell anemia a severe hereditary form of anemia in which a mutated form of hemoglobin distorts the red blood cells into a crescent shape at low oxygen levels SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) The death of a seemingly healthy baby in its sleep, due to an apparent spontaneous cessation of breathing Sinusitis Inflammation of the lining of the sinuses Snoring Vibration of the soft palate Sore throat or Pharyngitis Inflammation of the pharynx, causing a sore thro Spasm An abrupt and forceful contraction of a muscle usually associated with marked pain or discomfort. Spinal muscular atrophy Neuromuscular condition characterized by degeneration of motor neurons, resulting in progressive muscular atrophy (wasting away) and weakness. Spleen disorders Disorders of the spleen which is the abdominal organ involved in the production and removal of blood cells Sprains Overstretched or torn ligament Staphylococcal infections Common group of infections caused by staphylococcus, a bacterium of a genus that includes many pathogenic kinds that cause pus formation, esp. in the skin and mucous membranes The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition STD or STI (Sexually Transmitted Disease or Infection) or Venereal Disease Disease and illnesses that have a significant probability of transmission by sexual contact with a person already infected Stimulus Something which stimulates (arouses action) in the muscles, nerves or other excitable tissue and results in a specific reaction. Stings, insect Injection of venom into the skin by an insect Streptococcal infections of or relating to or caused by streptococci; a bacterium of a genus that includes the agents of souring of milk and dental decay, and hemolytic pathogens causing various infections such as scarlet fever and pneumonia Stria Stretch marks or a form of scarring on the skin caused by tearing of the dermis Stroke Loss of brain function due to the disturbance to the blood flow in the brain. Subcutaneous Underneath the skin. Sunburn Solar radiation burn - reddening, inflammation, and, in severe cases, blistering and peeling of the skin caused by overexposure to the ultraviolet rays of the sun Suture The surgical stitching of a wound. Syncope Fainting or temporary loss of consciousness caused by a fall in blood pressure. Syndrome A group of symptoms and signs which, when appearing simultaneously, form a definite pattern of a specific condition, disease or abnormality. Syphilis Rare sexually transmitted infection - a chronic bacterial disease that is contracted chiefly by infection during sexual intercourse, but also congenitally by infection of a developing fetus The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition TB (Pulmonary Tuberculosis) A bacterial infection that mainly involves the lungs but may spread to other organs of the body Teething tooth eruption in Babies when their first milk teeth are cutting through Telagia Pain radiating to another part of the body Tendonitis Inflammation of a tendon Tennis elbow or Lateral Epicondylitis inflammation of the tendons of the elbow (epicondylitis) caused by overuse of the muscles of the forearm. Tetanus or lockjaw a bacterial disease marked by rigidity and spasms of the voluntary muscles Thoracic Referring to the chest. Thrombosis local coagulation or clotting of the blood in a part of the circulatory system. Tics Repeated twitches Tonsillitis A severe throat infection Tourette's syndrome A condition involving physical or verbal tics Toxic shock syndrome A rare but serious form of acute blood poisoning Tracheostomy Emergency operation to help breathing - an incision in the windpipe made to relieve an obstruction to breathing Traction Gentle pulling, usually for broken bones The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Tremor Rhythmic shaking of any part of the body- Trichomoniasis Unpleasant infection of the genitalia Trigger finger Inflammation of tendon sheaths of fingers or thumb ;A dislocation of a tendon so that the flexion or extension of a finger is temporarily halted. Trigger point A hypersensitive area or site in muscle or connective tissue, usually associated with myofascial pain syndrome. When touched or pressed they bring on a painful response and referred pain. They can also be felt as painful lumps of hardened fascia. Typhoid fever Serious bacterial infection - fever with an eruption of red spots on the chest and abdomen and severe intestinal irritation Ultrasound Scanning with high-frequency sound waves; A type of imaging technique which uses high-frequency sound waves; Unconsciousness Loss of consciousness, coma Urethral discharge Discharge from the urine outlet tube Urinary catheterization Using a special tube to drain the bladder Vaginism Involuntary contraction of the vagina muscle which makes any kind of vaginal penetration painful or impossible Vaginitis An inflammation of the vagina usually due to infection that can result in discharge, itching and pain Varicose veins Swollen veins usually in the legs The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Vascular system Blood vessel system. Vasectomy Male sterilization Vasoconstriction The narrowing and contraction of blood vessels. Vasodilatation The enlargement or dilation of blood vessels. Vasospasm Marked contraction and narrowing of a blood vessel or a segment of a blood vessel. Verrucae Type of wart Vertigo Dizziness, especially the feeling that one's surroundings are whirling; A feeling of spinning or tilting Visual impairment Long-sightedness, Short-sightedness, Astigmatism, Partial sightedness, Blindness VS and PVS (Vegetative State, Persistent or Permanent VS) A disorder of consciousness in which patients with severe brain damage are in a state of partial arousal rather than true awareness. After four weeks the patient is classified as in a persistent vegetative state. After one year of VS the patient is classified as a permanent vegetative state. Warts a small, hard, benign growth on the skin, caused by a virus Whiplash injury Neck injury from whiplash; injury caused by a severe jerk to the head, typically in a motor-vehicle accident Whooping cough An infectious disease usually affecting children - a contagious bacterial disease chiefly affecting children, characterized by convulsive coughs followed by a whoop. Wisdom tooth removal Extraction of the third molars The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com Terminology in Medicine & Healthcare - Intermediate Level 1 BrauerTraining Companion Tools – Terminology Training Series T11-01 Term Definition Yellow fever A tropical infectious disease - a tropical viral disease affecting the liver and kidneys, causing fever and jaundice and often fatal. It is transmitted by mosquito References eMedicine Dictionary Medilexicon http://www.emedicinehealth.com/medical-dictionary-definitions http://www.medilexicon.com BBC Health Medline http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/ http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ HealthInfo Merck Manual https://www.healthinfotranslations.org/ http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/index.html Kaiser Glossary NHS Health https://www.kpchoicesolution.com/Glossary.aspx http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Pages/hub.aspx Mayo Clinic Wikipedia http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-treatments/ http://www.wikipedia.org About-Nursing vocabulary http://esl.about.com/od/englishformedicalpurpose/a/nursing_vocabu lary.htm Google search The copyright statement we require you to include when you use our material is: ©Copyright 2013 T11-01 Claudia Brauer www.brauertraining.com http://www.google.com
