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39. Lymphatic and Immune systems ! How are the lymphatic nodes of the lower limb classified? superficial and deep #anterior and posterior medial and lateral parietal and visceral ! Where are the superficial lymphatic vessels of the lower limbs located? within the subcutaneous tissue outside the superficial fascia #accompany deep blood vessels within the muscles of lower limbs within the skin ! Where are the deep lymphatic vessels of the lower limbs located? accompany deep blood vessels #within the subcutaneous tissue outside the superficial fascia within the muscles of lower limbs within the skin ! The posterior lymph vessels of the lower limbs open into: popliteal lymph nodes #deep inguinal lymph nodes superficial inguinal lymph nodes medial lymph nodes of the lower limbs ! Which group of lymph nodes of the lower limb is absent? anterior popliteal lymph nodes #popliteal lymph nodes deep inguinal lymph nodes superficial inguinal lymph nodes ! The deep lymph vessels of the lower limb open into: deep inguinal lymph nodes #superficial inguinal lymph nodes popliteal lymph nodes anterior tibial node ! Where are superficial inguinal nodes located? in the femoral triangle outside the fascia lata #within quadriceps femoris muscle in the iliopectineal sulcus under fascia lata within the skin below inguinal ligament ! Where are deep inguinal nodes located? in the iliopectineal sulcus under superficial lamina of the fascia lata #in the femoral triangle outside the fascia lata within muscles of the anterior group of the thigh in the capsule of the hip joint ! How is the upper deep inguinal node called? Pirogov’s node #Keith-Flack node Aschoff-Tawara node Willis node ! The superficial inguinal lymph nodes do not gather lymph from: muscles, joint and bones of the pelvic region #external pudendal organs skin of the gluteal region skin of the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall ! The efferent vessels of the deep inguinal nodes terminate at: external iliac nodes #internal iliac nodes common iliac nodes lumbar iliac nodes ! How are the lymph nodes of the pelvic cavity divided? parietal and visceral #superficial and deep medial and lateral anterior and posterior ! Which lymph nodes are absent in the pelvic visceral group? external iliac nodes #paravesical nodes parauterine nodes paravaginal nodes ! Which of the following are the visceral lymph nodes of the pelvic cavity? pararectal node #internal iliac nodes gluteal nodes sacral nodes ! Which of the following are the parietal lymph nodes of the pelvic cavity? obturator nodes #paravesical nodes parauterine nodes paravaginal nodes ! The efferent lymph vessels from parietal nodes of the pelvic cavity pass to: external and common iliac nodes #visceral vessels of the pelvic cavity inferior mesenteric nodes superficial inguinal nodes ! The efferent lymph vessels from visceral nodes of the pelvic cavity pass to: mainly to common iliac and subaortici nodes #parietal lymph nodes of the pelvic cavity inferior mesenteric nodes deep inguinal nodes ! The efferent lymph vessels from common iliac and subaortic nodes pass to: lumbar lymph nodes #inferior mesenteric nodes superior mesenteric nodes superficial inguinal nodes ! How are the lymph nodes of the abdominal cavity classified? parietal and visceral #paired and unpaired superficial and deep anterior and posterior ! Where are the coeliac lymph nodes located? near coeliac trunk #on the anterior abdominal wall near umbo in lower part of the anterior abdominal wall within greater omentum ! Where are the gastric lymph nodes located? along the lesser curvature of stomach #on the anterior abdominal wall within posterior abdominal wall surround pyloric part of stomach ! Where are the hepatic lymph nodes located? into hepatoduodenal ligament, neighbour common hepatic artery #on diaphragmatic surface of the right hepatic lobe within parenchyma of liver on the visceral surface of the liver under peritoneum ! Where are the cystic lymph nodes located? near neck of gallbladder #near fundus of gallbladder in the cavity of gallbladder within the wall of gallbladder under mucosa ! Where are the superior mesenteric lymph nodes located? within mesentery along superior mesenteric artery #within mesocolon sigmoid along inferior mesenteric artery in the greater omentum in the lesser omentum ! Which lymph nodes of the abdominal cavity do the greatest group of the abdominal visceral nodes constitute? superior mesenteric nodes #inferior mesenteric nodes coeliac nodes left and right lumbar nodes ! What lymph nodes are not parietal nodes of the abdominal cavity? inferior mesenteric nodes #inferior epigastric nodes inferior diaphragmatic nodes lumbar nodes ! What lymph nodes are not parietal nodes of the thoracic cavity? anterior mediastinal nodes #parasternal nodes intercostal nodes superior diaphragmatic nodes ! The superficial lymph vessels of the upper limbs are not responsible for drainage of: skin and subcutaneous fat #muscles, tendons and fascia joint capsules and ligament periosteum and nerves ! The efferent vessels from the cubital nodes pass to following nodes: axillary nodes #parasternal nodes lateral cervical nodes supraclavicular nodes ! The efferent vessels given by axillary nodes give rise to: subclavian trunk #jugular trunk bronchomediastinal trunk right lymphatic and thoracic ducts ! The efferent vessels from the mammary gland pass to: parasternal nodes #paratracheal nodes prevertebral nodes tracheobronchial nodes ! The efferent vessels from the mammary gland pass to: supraclavicular nodes #retropharyngeal nodes prelaryngeal nodes pretracheal nodes ! The lymph from the thoracic part of oesophagus goes to: directly to the thoracic duct #right bronchomediastinal trunk left bronchomediastinal trunk tracheobronchial nodes ! The lymph from the abdominal part of oesophagus goes to: left gastric nodes #right gastric nodes pyloric nodes splenic nodes ! Which of the following are on the greater curvature of the stomach? right and left gastroomental nodes #suprapyloric nodes right gastric nodes left gastric nodes ! The efferent vessels from the upper part of the rectum pass to: superior rectal nodes #internal iliac nodes sacral nodes subaortic nodes ! The efferent vessels from the anal canal pass to: anorectal nodes #gluteal nodes external iliac nodes common iliac nodes ! The efferent vessels from the fundus of uterus pass to: lumbar nodes #inguinal nodes gluteal nodes obturator nodes ! Which of the following is not the organ of the immune system? thyroid gland #thymus spleen vermiform appendix ! Which of the following is not the organ of the immune system? parathyroid gland #tonsils lymph nodes aggregate lymph nodules ! Which of the following is the central organ of the immune system? bone marrow #spinal cord medulla oblongata diencephalon ! Which of the following is the central organ of the immune system? thymus #parotid gland spleen pancreas ! Which of the following is the peripheral organ of the immune system? spleen #kidney thymus liver ! Which organ is responsible for proliferation and differentiation of B-lymphocytes? bone marrow # spleen thymus tonsils ! Which organ is responsible for proliferation and differentiation of T-lymphocytes? thymus # spleen lymph nodes vermiform appendix ! What structures of the intestinal wall are peripheral organs of immune system? solitary lymph nodes #circular folds intestinal villi major duodenal papilla ! What structures of the intestinal wall are peripheral organs of immune system? aggregate lymph nodules #circular folds minor duodenal papilla ileo-caecal valve ! How is the pharyngeal lymph ring named, which forms by tonsils? Pirogov-Waldeyer’s ring #Eustachian’s ring Halleri’s ring Keitch-Fleck’s ring ! How many tonsils take part in formation of the pharyngeal lymph ring? 6 #3 4 8 ! Where are aggregate lymph nodules located? within wall of the ileum #within wall of the stomach within wall of the rectum within wall of the of urinary system ! The bone marrow is subdivided into: red and yellow bone marrow #red and blue bone marrow blue and yellow bone marrow red and orange bone marrow ! Where is yellow bone marrow located in adults? in diaphysis of tubular bone #in epiphysis of long bone in chambers of the flat bones in chambers of the spongy bones ! Where is not red bone marrow located in adults? in diaphysis of tubular bone #in epiphysis of long bone in chambers of the flat bones in chambers of the spongy bones ! Where is thymus located? in the superior mediastinum #in anterior mediastinum in posterior mediastinum in middle mediastinum ! What parts of the thymus do you know? left and right lobes #caudate and quadrate lobes anterior and posterior lobes superior and inferior lobes ! What is in front of thymus? manubrium and body of sternum #intercostal muscles and ribs left lung right lung ! Which of the following does not make the contact with posterior surface of lobes of thymus? inferior vena cava #aorta pulmonary trunk superior vena cava ! Which of the following makes the contact with lateral surface of lobes of thymus? mediastinal pleura #pericardium arch of aorta left and right brachiocephalic veins ! The thymus is covered by: capsule #pericardium pleura fascia ! The parenchyme of thymus consists of: cortex and medulla #acinus and efferent ducts follicles white and red pulp ! How are the thymic bodies called? Hassal′s bodies #islets of Langerhans Hering′s bodies Leidig′s cells ! What artery does not supply thymus with blood? pulmonary trunk #brachiocephalic trunk internal thoracic artery aorta ! Where is lingual tonsil located? under epithelium in the root of tongue #within muscles of tongue in the body of tongue on the apex of tongue on the margin of the tongue ! What artery supplies the tongue with blood? lingual artery #transverse facei artery superior and inferior facial artery descending palatine artery ! Where is palatine tonsil located? in tonsillar fossa #within soft palate in retromandibular fossa in supratonsillar fossa ! What artery does not take part in blood supply of palatine tonsil? internal carotid artery #ascending pharyngeal artery facial artery lingual artery ! Where is pharyngeal tonsil located? between the fornix and posterior wall of pharynx #in tonsillar fossa in the pharyngeal recess in region of the pharyngeal opening of auditory tube ! What artery supplies the pharyngeal tonsil with blood? ascending pharyngeal artery #ascending palatine artery descending palatine artery facial artery ! Where is tubal tonsil located? in the region of the pharyngeal opening of auditory tube #in tonsillar fossa in the pharyngeal recess in supratonsillar fossa ! What artery supplies the tubal tonsils with blood? ascending pharyngeal artery #facial artery lingual artery maxillary artery ! Where is spleen located? in left hypochondriac region at the level of IX-XI ribs #in epigastric region at the level of xiphoid process in right hypochondriac region at level of X rib in left lateral abdominal region ! What surfaces has the spleen? diaphragmatic and visceral surfaces #anterior and posterior surfaces superior and inferior surfaces parietal and visceral surfaces ! Which organ does not come in the contact with spleen? liver #stomach left kidney left flexure of the colon ! What relationship according to the peritoneum does the spleen occupy? intraperitoneal position #mesoperitoneal position extraperitoneal position retroperitoneal position ! How is the parenchyma of spleen divided? white and red pulp #cortex and medulla grey and white pulp terminal parts and efferent ducts ! The splenic artery is branch of following artery: coeliac trunk #superior mesenteric artery inferior mesenteric artery directly from abdominal aorta ! The splenic vein opens into: hepatic portal vein #inferior vena cava hemiazygos vein azygos vein ¡ What is the vermiform process? process of the caecum #process of the ascending colon process of the transverse colon process of the ilium ! Where is the vermiform process located? right inguinal region #umbilical region right lateral abdominal region epigastric region ! The efferent vessels from occipital lymph nodes pass to: lateral deep cervical nodes #mastoid nodes supraclavicular nodes axillary nodes ! The occipital lymph nodes receive the afferent vessels from: occipital and temporal region #posterior region of the neck skin of the lateral region of the neck parietal region ! The mastoid lymph nodes receive afferent vessels from: parietal region and external ear #temporal region mastoid cells frontal region ! The parotid lymph nodes do not receive lymph from: skin and deep tissue of the occipital region #skin and deep tissue of the parietal region skin and deep tissue of the frontal region auricle ! The efferent vessels from parotid nodes pass to: superficial and deep cervical lymph nodes #facial lymph nodes occipital lymph nodes mastoid lymph nodes ! Where are the submandibular lymph nodes located? within the submandibular triangle #within the mylohyoid muscle between mylohyoid and genoihyoid muscles on internal surface of the angle of mandible ! The efferent vessels from submandibular lymph nodes pass to: deep lateral cervical nodes #superficial anterior cervical nodes submental nodes pretracheal nodes ! The efferent vessels from superficial cervical lymph nodes pass to: deep cervical nodes #anterior mediastinal nodes parasternal nodes thoracic lymphatic duct ! The efferent vessels from deep lateral cervical lymph nodes give rise to: left and right jugular trunk #right lymphatic duct left and right subclavian trunk thoracic lymphatic duct ! Which of the following is not the structure of lymphatic system? pulmonary trunk #jugular trunk subclavian trunk bronchomediastinal trunk ! Which of the following is not the structure of lymphatic system? coeliac trunk #lumbar trunk intestinal trunk subclavian trunk ! Which of the following is the trunk of lymphatic system? subclavian trunk #pulmonary trunk brachiocephalic trunk coeliac trunk ! Which of the following is the trunk of lymphatic system? lumbar trunk #coeliac trunk pulmonary trunk brachiocephalic trunk ! Which of the following is the duct of lymphatic system? thoracic lymphatic duct #choledochus duct cystic duct deferens duct ! Which of the following is the duct of lymphatic system? right lymphatic duct #right hepatic duct left hepatic duct pancreatic duct ! The right subclavian trunk collects the lymph from: right upper limb #right lower limb right part of the abdomen and thorax right part of head and neck ! The right jugular trunk collects the lymph from: right part of head and neck #left part of head and neck right upper limb right part of the abdomen and thorax ! The right bronchomediastinal trunk collects the lymph from: organs of right part of thoracic cavity #organs of right part of abdominal cavity right upper limb right part of head and neck ! Which of the following does not open into the right venous angle? thoracic duct #right lymphatic duct right jugular trunk right bronchomediastinal trunk ! The left jugular trunk collects the lymph from: left part of head and neck #left part of the abdomen and thorax left upper limb left lower limb ! The left subclavian trunk collects the lymph from: left upper limb #left part of head and neck organs of left part of thoracic cavity organs of left part of abdominal cavity ! The left bronchomediastinal trunk collects the lymph from: organs of left part of thoracic cavity #organs of left part of abdominal cavity left upper limb left part of head and neck ! Which of the following does not open into the left venous angle? right jugular trunk #thoracic duct left jugular trunk left subclavian trunk ! Which of the following is the greatest lymphatic vessel of the human body? thoracic duct #right lymphatic duct right lumbar trunk left subclavian trunk ! Which of the following is not part of the thoracic duct? pelvic part #abdominal part thoracic part cervical part ! What is the dilation of the initial part of thoracic duct called? cysterna chili #cysterna interpeduncularis cysterna interchiasmatica bulbus chili ! The thoracic duct enters the thoracic cavity via: aortic hiatus of the diaphragm #foramen vena cava of the diaphragm eosophageal hiatus of the diaphragm between the crura of lumbar part ! Where is abdominal part of the thoracic duct located? in the retroperitoneal space #within mesentery in peritoneal cavity within lesser omentum ! Where is thoracic part of the thoracic duct located? in posterior mediastinum #in anterior mediastinum in middle mediastinum between pericardium and pleura