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PHYSICAL GEOLOGY-Test 4 [Optional] Instructor: Dr. Ravi S. Tipnis Max Points: 85 Scantron Points 65 Discussion Points 20 Matching Questions: Q 1 to Q 35 1 to 5: Identify the terms below (1 to 3) with A. Weathering B. Ground Water; C. River System; D. Soil Profile; E. Common to both GW & Weathering 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Hydrolysis Regolith Alluvium Cone of Depression Dissolution 6 to 10: Identify the terms below (6 to 10) with their properties/definitions: A. Water falls; B. Levees; C. Distributaries; D. Regolith; E. Ox-Bow Lake 6. Erosional Feature resulting from River System 7. Typical of Delta Setting 8. Depositional feature associated with River System 9. Erosional feature associated with Ground Water 10. Another feature associated with Soils 11 to 15: Identify the terms associated with Weathering (A to E) with the questions: Dissolution; B. Oxidation ; C. Sheeting; D. Frost wedging; E. Thermal Expansion 11. Typical of Arizona 12. Will affect rocks such as Basalt/Gabbro 13. Will affect rocks such as Limestone 14. Example of mechanical weathering as seen in Canada 15.Unloading MATCHING [16 to 20] 16. -20 [Related to Ground Water] 16. Aquiclude 17. Confined Aquifer 18. Water Table 19. Perched Aquifer 20. Recharge area A. Flowing Well B. Above Water Table C. Top of Aquifer D. Impervious Beds E. Precipitation 21 to 25 [Related to Modes of Transportation] 21. Saltation 22. Suspended Load 23. Traction/Bed Load 24. Dissolved Load 35. Distributary A. Movement along & above ground surface B. Sediments move with water C. Chemical Transportation D. Delta E. Movement along the bottom 26 to 30 [Mixed Bag] 26. Braided stream 27. Root Expansion 28. Ao 29. Vadose Zone 30. Headward Erosion A. Mostly Mechanical Weathering B. Perched Water C. Top Soil D. Water Fall E. forms in Stage 1/stage 2 Boundary 31 to 35 31.Super-posed/Antecedent 32. Leaching 33. Salt Water Intrusion 34. Karst topography 35. Regional base Level A. MSL B. Horizon E C. Limestone Country D. Galveston E. Colorado Plateau TRUE/FALSE: [Q 36 to Q 50] 36. Yazoo streams are associated with Ox-Bow Lake formation 37. Potholes are features that result from Deposition 38. During Salt Water Intrusion, the Cone of Depression will be an “Inverted V” 39 Vadose Zone can also be referred to as Zone of Saturation 40. A typical Longitudinal profile of a River System will be Convex to Flat 41. Stalgmites are limestones that are formed “from bottom up” 42. Laminar Flow involves flow of water at the same velocity throughout the River Channel 43. As source to fresh water on our planet Ground water is next in abundance to Glaciers 44. Disappearing Streams are associated with Karst topography 45. A “graded river” can be defined as one in which there is No Deposition-No Erosion or that Erosion is equal to Deposition 46. Braided streams are generally associated with the Delta setting 47. The distribution of sediment size in an Alluvial Fan varies from finest near the Mountain/Hill becoming coarser as the distance increases 48. A good example of natural recharge would be a “spring” 49. Aquicludes are porous and permeable rocks that sandwich the confined aquifer layer 50. Perched water is found above the aquifers in vadose zones DISCUSSION QUESTIONS [ Any 5-Q 7 has 5 points] 1. Draw & Label a Soil Profile [4 points] 2. List the two major types of Weathering. Which of these are associated with Exfoliation and which are associated with Solution Valleys [3 points] 3. Explain the difference between Soil & Regolith [3 points] 4. List the 4 drainage patterns and their association with geologic features [4 points] 5. What is the geologic setting for Gaining & Losing Streams [4 points] 6. Why will a soil with quartz be recognized as “old soil” [3 points] 7. Draw a sketch showing Hydrologic Cycle & label the components [5 ] BONUS Questions : [10 points] A. If Sand is 40%; Silt is 35% & Clay is 25% what is the name of the Soil: B. Draw a sketch of a drainage basin and give an example of a “drainage basin” in US C. Draw a sketch unsaturated and saturated conditions and label the Water Table. Where will Perched Water be located on the sketch. Also show the level of Capillary Action D. Show the transformation of valley shapes for the 3 stages of the river [Stage 1, 2 & 3 and the tributary distribution] E. Why is Soil called “In-Situ” or Residual