Download physical geology-final exam

PHYSICAL GEOLOGY-Test 4 [Optional]
Instructor: Dr. Ravi S. Tipnis
Max Points: 85
Scantron Points 65
Discussion Points 20
Matching Questions: Q 1 to Q 35
1 to 5: Identify the terms below (1 to 3) with A. Weathering B. Ground Water; C.
River System; D. Soil Profile; E. Common to both GW & Weathering
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Hydrolysis
Regolith
Alluvium
Cone of Depression
Dissolution
6 to 10: Identify the terms below (6 to 10) with their properties/definitions: A.
Water falls; B. Levees; C. Distributaries; D. Regolith; E. Ox-Bow Lake
6. Erosional Feature resulting from River System
7. Typical of Delta Setting
8. Depositional feature associated with River System
9. Erosional feature associated with Ground Water
10. Another feature associated with Soils
11 to 15: Identify the terms associated with Weathering (A to E) with the questions:
Dissolution; B. Oxidation ; C. Sheeting; D. Frost wedging; E. Thermal Expansion
11. Typical of Arizona
12. Will affect rocks such as Basalt/Gabbro
13. Will affect rocks such as Limestone
14. Example of mechanical weathering as seen in Canada
15.Unloading
MATCHING [16 to 20]
16. -20 [Related to Ground Water]
16. Aquiclude
17. Confined Aquifer
18. Water Table
19. Perched Aquifer
20. Recharge area
A. Flowing Well
B. Above Water Table
C. Top of Aquifer
D. Impervious Beds
E. Precipitation
21 to 25 [Related to Modes of Transportation]
21. Saltation
22. Suspended Load
23. Traction/Bed Load
24. Dissolved Load
35. Distributary
A. Movement along & above ground surface
B. Sediments move with water
C. Chemical Transportation
D. Delta
E. Movement along the bottom
26 to 30 [Mixed Bag]
26. Braided stream
27. Root Expansion
28. Ao
29. Vadose Zone
30. Headward Erosion
A. Mostly Mechanical Weathering
B. Perched Water
C. Top Soil
D. Water Fall
E. forms in Stage 1/stage 2 Boundary
31 to 35
31.Super-posed/Antecedent
32. Leaching
33. Salt Water Intrusion
34. Karst topography
35. Regional base Level
A. MSL
B. Horizon E
C. Limestone Country
D. Galveston
E. Colorado Plateau
TRUE/FALSE: [Q 36 to Q 50]
36. Yazoo streams are associated with Ox-Bow Lake formation
37. Potholes are features that result from Deposition
38. During Salt Water Intrusion, the Cone of Depression will be an “Inverted V”
39 Vadose Zone can also be referred to as Zone of Saturation
40. A typical Longitudinal profile of a River System will be Convex to Flat
41. Stalgmites are limestones that are formed “from bottom up”
42. Laminar Flow involves flow of water at the same velocity throughout the River
Channel
43. As source to fresh water on our planet Ground water is next in abundance to
Glaciers
44. Disappearing Streams are associated with Karst topography
45. A “graded river” can be defined as one in which there is No Deposition-No
Erosion or that Erosion is equal to Deposition
46. Braided streams are generally associated with the Delta setting
47. The distribution of sediment size in an Alluvial Fan varies from finest near the
Mountain/Hill becoming coarser as the distance increases
48. A good example of natural recharge would be a “spring”
49. Aquicludes are porous and permeable rocks that sandwich the confined
aquifer layer
50. Perched water is found above the aquifers in vadose zones
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS [ Any 5-Q 7 has 5 points]
1. Draw & Label a Soil Profile [4 points]
2. List the two major types of Weathering. Which of these are associated
with Exfoliation and which are associated with Solution Valleys [3
points]
3. Explain the difference between Soil & Regolith [3 points]
4. List the 4 drainage patterns and their association with geologic
features [4 points]
5. What is the geologic setting for Gaining & Losing Streams [4 points]
6. Why will a soil with quartz be recognized as “old soil” [3 points]
7. Draw a sketch showing Hydrologic Cycle & label the components [5 ]
BONUS Questions : [10 points]
A. If Sand is 40%; Silt is 35% & Clay is 25% what is the name of
the Soil:
B. Draw a sketch of a drainage basin and give an example of a
“drainage basin” in US
C. Draw a sketch unsaturated and saturated conditions and label
the Water Table. Where will Perched Water be located on the
sketch. Also show the level of Capillary Action
D. Show the transformation of valley shapes for the 3 stages of
the river [Stage 1, 2 & 3 and the tributary distribution]
E. Why is Soil called “In-Situ” or Residual