Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Zoology 2nd Semester Study Guide True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. Marsupials originated in Australia. 2. Tasmanian devils and American badgers are nocturnal. Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Figure 31-5 3. Which number shown in 31-5 represents the alula? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 7 4. Which number shown in 31-5 represents primary feathers? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 7 5. Which number shown in 31-5 represents secondary coverts? a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 5 e. 7 6. A lightweight, modified protein scale that provides insulation and enables flight: a. hair b. talon c. pygostyle d. feather e. sternum Figure 31-4 7. Which beak shown in Figure 31-4 is used to scoop things? a. A b. B c. C d. D 8. Which beak shown in Figure 31-4 is most similar to that of a theropod dinosaur? a. A b. B c. C d. D 9. Which beak shown in Figure 31-4 is used to tear meat? a. A b. B c. C d. D 10. Which beak shown in Figure 31-4 is used to drill into trees to get insects? a. A b. B c. C d. D 11. During the ______ stage of respiration, deoxygenated air in the lungs enters the anterior air sacs. a. first b. second c. third d. fourth e. fifth 12. Which structures do birds share with no other animals? a. shelled eggs b. clawed toes c. feathers d. scales on their feet e. beaks 13. Flight feathers: a. alula b. coverts c. barbs d. down e. contour 14. During the ______ stage of respiration, deoxygenated air in the anterior air sacs leaves the body via trachea. a. first b. second c. third d. fourth e. fifth Figure 31-3 15. What can be inferred from Figure 31-3? a. dinosaurs are closely related to birds b. mammals evolved from dinosaurs c. reptiles evolved from dinosaurs d. dinosaurs were just big reptiles e. amphibians are closely related to birds 16. What can be inferred from Figure 31-3? a. early reptiles were identical to modern reptiles b. reptiles are the oldest animals c. all three groups evolved from early reptiles d. reptiles are more dominant than mammals e. early amphibians were identical to modern reptiles 17. Interlocking sections of feathers: a. alula b. shaft c. barbs d. down e. contour 18. Replacing damaged and worn feathers: a. preening b. molting c. incubation d. insulation e. migration 19. To sit on eggs to provide heat, so as to promote embryonic development: a. preen b. molt c. incubate d. insulate e. copulate 20. The _________ regulates gas exchange in an amniotic egg. a. allantois b. chorion c. amnion d. yolk e. albumen 21. During the ______ stage of respiration, most of the air enters the posterior air sacs. a. first b. second c. third d. fourth e. fifth 22. The small feathers that cover the base of other feathers on a bird’s body a. retricies. b. secondaries. c. primaries. d. coverts. e. alulae. 23. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the: a. posterior air sacs b. anterior air sacs c. lungs d. trachea e. pharynx 28. During the ______ stage of respiration, air leaves the posterior air sacs and enters the lungs while the air in the anterior air sacs leaves via trachea. a. first b. second c. third d. fourth e. fifth 29. The _________ provides an amniotic egg with additonal nutrients and water. a. allantois b. chorion c. amnion d. yolk e. albumen 30. Birds evolved from a. crocodiles. b. turtles. c. theropods. d. cephalopods. e. arthropods. 24. The _________ is the amniotic egg’s septic tank. a. allantois b. chorion c. amnion d. yolk e. albumen 31. This hatches from an egg, has the same general appearances as the end stage but is smaller: a. pupa b. larva c. adult d. nymph 25. During ________, a bird also uses its bill or beak to rub oil from a gland near the tail onto the feathers. a. preening b. molting c. mating d. incubation e. insulation 32. Identify all of the arachnids: I. lobster II. pill bug III. tick IV. tarantula V. ladybug a. I, III, V b. II, III, IV c. II, IV, V d. III, IV 26. Emperor penguins are covered with a. retricies. b. secondaries. c. primaries. d. down feathers. e. contour feathers. 27. The feathers used in steering during flight are a. retricies. b. secondaries. c. down feathers. d. coverts. e. alulae. 33. An arthropod is vulnerable to predators during the molting period because a. it must come out of hiding to molt. b. its new exoskeleton is soft. c. molting cannot occur without the assistance of predators. d. predators are more numerous during this period. 34. The function of mandibles is to a. bite and grind food. b. sense the environment. c. propel an arthropod when it swims. d. support an arthropod when it walks. 41. What does molting enable arthropods to do? a. to breathe b. to reproduce c. to grow d. to eat 35. Identify all of the insects that undergo complete metamorphosis: I. grasshopper II. wasp III. ant IV. roach a. II, III b. I, III c. II d. I, IV 42. Arthropods are classified based on the number and structure of their a. eyes and wings. b. body segments and appendages. c. muscles and bones. d. gills and hearts. 36. Spiders feed by a. swallowing their prey whole. b. biting off and swallowing pieces of their prey. c. sucking up prey tissues that have been liquefied by digestive enzymes. d. sipping nectar through a tubelike mouthpart. 37. An insect can detect minute movements in its environment by using its compound eyes and its a. Malpighian tubules. b. tracheal tubes. c. chelicerae. d. sensory hairs. 38. Terrestrial arthropods use _______________ for respiration. a. Malpighian tubules and tracheal tubes b. tracheal tubes and gills c. gills and book lungs d. trachael tubes and book lungs 39. The appendages of arthropods are a. found only on the head. b. hard and immovable. c. jointed and extend from the body wall. d. divided into six branches. 40. Which of the following habitats do arthropods occupy? a. the sea b. the land c. the air d. the sea, land, and air 43. The compound eyes of insects a. are made of many lenses. b. are located on the thorax. c. produce an image that is more detailed than what humans see. d. can not detect movement. 44. The body of an insect is divided into a a. head and a thorax. b. head and a cephalothorax. c. head, a thorax, and an abdomen. d. cephalothorax and an abdomen. 45. Which of the following is NOT a stage of complete metamorphosis? a. nymph b. egg c. larva d. pupa 46. The first pair of appendages used for feeding: a. spinnerets b. chelicerae c. pedipalps d. fangs 47. The nervous system of an arthropod is composed of: I. single nerve cord II. double nerve cord III. ganglia IV. nerve net V. brain a. I, III, V b. II, III, V c. II, III, IV, V d. II, V 48. Identify all of the crustaceans: I. pill bug II. wasp III. crayfish IV. mite V. tick a. I, III b. II, III, V c. I, III, IV d. III, IV 49. Identify all of the insects that undergo incomplete metamorphosis: I. grasshopper II. wasp III. ant IV. roach a. II, III b. I, III c. II d. I, IV 50. A(n) ____________ is when the head fuses with the thorax of an arthropod. a. abdomen b. cephaloabdomen c. cephalopod d. cephalothorax 51. During mating season of a cheetah, males and females secrete __________, a chemical odor signals given off by animals. a. pheromones b. book lungs c. spiracles d. Malphigian tubules 52. Most terrestrial arthropods excrete cellular wastes through __________. a. uropods b. telsons c. spiracles d. Malphigian tubules 53. The three stages of arthropods (egg, nymph, and adult) that undergo changes are _______. a. incomplete metamorphosis b. complete metamorphosis c. parthenogenesis d. no correct answer 54. Some arthropods reproduce by a form of asexual reproduction in which a new individual develops from an unfertilized egg. a. incomplete metamorphosis b. complete metamorphosis c. oogenesis d. parthenogenesis 55. These organisms can spray foul-smelling fluids from stink glands: a. centipedes b. crayfishes c. millipedes d. barnacles 56. The free living, wormlike stage of an insect: a. pupa b. larva c. adult d. nymph 57. The four stages of arthropods (egg, nymph, pupa, and adult) that undergo changes are ___________. a. incomplete metamorphosis b. complete metamorphosis c. parthenogenesis d. no correct answer 58. As silk is secreted by spiders, it is spun into thread by structures called __________. a. spinnerets b. pedipalps c. chelicerae d. cocoon 59. The __________ are adapted to handling food, sensing, and dispensing sperm. a. spinnerets b. pedipalps c. chelicerae d. cocoon 60. The body segments a crayfish have are ___________. a. cephalothorax and abdomen b. cephalothorax, chest, and abdomen c. head, thorax, and abdomen d. cephalothorax and head 61. A feature that is NOT present in all female mammals is a. the ability to generate body heat. b. a four-chambered heart. c. the ability to nourish young with milk. d. the ability to bear young through cloacas 68. Having a thumb that can move against the other fingers makes it possible for a primate to a. hold objects firmly. b. merge visual images. c. display elaborate social behaviors. d. judge the locations of tree branches. 62. Which organ is used by a cow to feed her newborn calf? a. mammary gland b. placenta c. marsupium d. rumen 69. Mammals are characterized by each of the following EXCEPT a. mammary glands. b. hair. c. endothermy. d. scales. e. oil glands. 63. Which organ is used by a zebra to feed her unborn kit? a. mammary gland b. placenta c. marsupium d. rumen 64. What do some mammals have to release heat from their bodies? a. external body hair b. oil glands c. sweat glands d. high rate of metabolism 65. The mammalian circulatory system consists of a. one loop powered by a four-chambered heart. b. two separate loops powered by a fourchambered heart. c. two separate loops powered by a threechambered heart. d. four separate loops powered by a twochambered heart. 66. Which trait is NOT characteristic of mammals? a. external fertilization b. nourishing young with milk c. providing care for young after birth d. generating body heat 67. Which of the following mammals does an embryo spend the most time developing inside the mother? a. echidna b. elephant c. kangaroo d. koala e. mole 70. Mammals that have broad, flattened molars feed on a. insects. b. meat. c. plankton. d. plants. 71. In mammals, the amount of water in the body is controlled mainly by the a. kidneys. b. diaphragm. c. heart. d. lungs. e. small intestines. 72. The egg-laying mammals are called a. marsupials. b. monotremes. c. placental mammals. d. insectivores. 73. A mammal that carries its young inside the uterus until development is almost complete is called a(n) a. marsupial. b. monotreme. c. placental mammal. d. insectivore. 74. Which mammal would have the shortest gestation period? a. kangaroo rat b. kangaroo c. tiger d. jaguar e. blue whale 75. A mammal in which the young have a short period of development within the mother’s body, followed by a second period of development inside a pouch is called a(n) a. marsupial. b. monotreme. c. placental mammal. d. insectivore. 76. An example of an animal with a marsupium is a(an) a. elephant. b. lion. c. mouse. d. Tasmanian devil. e. echinda. 77. The function of a placenta is to a. exchange materials between an embryo and its mother. b. store and process newly swallowed plant food. c. store urine until it is eliminated from the body. d. increase the volume of the chest cavity during breathing. 78. The time during which placental mammals develop inside the uterus is called a. assimilation. b. gestation. c. incubation. d. regeneration. 79. The _________ is a hollow, muscular organ in which offspring develop. a. fallopian tubes b. vagina c. ovary d. uterus e. cervix 80. The _________ is where the sperm and egg fertilizes. a. fallopian tubes b. vagina c. ovary d. uterus e. cervix 81. The _________ is where the sperm and egg fertilizes. a. fallopian tubes b. vagina c. Ovary d. uterus e. cervix 82. The __________ is a muscle that aids the chest cavity to take in large amounts of oxygen used to maintain the high metabolism of all mammals. a. heart b. glands c. spleen d. diaphragm 83. __________ are used to cut food. a. Canines b. Premolars c. Molars d. Incisors 84. __________ are used to pierce and tear food. a. Canines b. Premolars c. Molars d. Incisors 85. Rabbits have premolars, molars, and incisors which mean they are __________. a. carnivores b. omnivores c. herbivores d. insectivores 86. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an adult amphibian’s circulatory system? a. two loops (have arteries and veins) b. heart with three chambers c. right atrium and left atrium d. complete separation of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood 87. The eggs of amphibians can dry out easily because they a. are never encased in jelly. b. are unable to adjust to the extreme changes of terrestrial temperatures. c. are usually laid on land. d. are always fertilized internally. 88. Organisms that belong to the order Anura: a. cartilaginous fishes b. salamanders c. jawless fishes d. frogs and toads 89. In the digestive system of a frog, where does food go after it leaves the mouth? a. to the gallbladder b. to the esophagus c. to the cloaca d. to the pancreas 90. In frogs, __________ is (are) used to protect the internal organs because of its lack of ribs. a. fat bodies b. the spleen c. the pancreas d. the gall bladder 91. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of most amphibians? a. They live on land as adults. b. They breathe with lungs as adults. c. They have moist, permeable skin that contains mucous glands. d. They have scales and claws. 92. Evolutionary advancements of amphibians over fishes are a. legs, lungs, and gills. b. legs, gills, and moist skin. c. legs, lungs, and scales. d. legs, lungs, and moist skin. 93. A frog’s tympanic membrane would be most useful for a. enabling the frog to jump long distances. b. filtering wastes from the frog’s blood. c. listening to the mating calls of other frogs. d. keeping the frog’s eyes from drying out on land. 94. Which feature distinguishes most fishes from most amphibians? a. a vertebrae b. scales c. breathing with gills during at least part of the life cycle d. living in water during at least part of the life cycle 95. In a frog, the cavity through which digestive wastes, urine, and eggs or sperm leave the body is the a. cloaca. b. colon. c. gallbladder. d. pancreas. 96. In the digestive system of a frog, where does food go after it leaves the stomach? a. to the ileum (small intestine) b. to the duodenum (small intestine) c. to the liver d. to the large intestine 97. Adult amphibians have a. one atrium and one ventricle. b. one atrium and two ventricles. c. two atria and one ventricle. d. two atria and two ventricles. 98. The inability of an organism to regulate its body temperature is considered a (n) a. endotherm. b. ectotherm. c. invertebrate. d. vertebrate. 99. A vertebrate is any animal that has a a. backbone. b. notochord. c. hollow nerve cord. d. tail that extends beyond the anus. 100. Organisms that have slender bodies with no limbs and undergo internal fertilization: a. caecilians b. cartilaginous fishes c. frogs and toads d. jawless fishes