Download Ankle Muscles

Ankle Muscles
ORIGINS, INSERTIONS AND ACTIONS
BY TAELAR SHELTON, MS, ATC, AT/L
Origins of muscles
 Origins are the flixed attachment point of muscles in
the bone (this bone doesn’t move when the action of
the muscle is performed)
Insertions of muslces
 Insertions is the attachment point of the tendon into
the bone that moves when the action of the muscle is
performed
Actions of muslces
 Actions- what the muscles does
Tibialis Anterior
 O- lateral condyle and
upper 2/3rds of tibia
 I- by tendon into interior
surface of medial
cuneiform and 1st
metatarsal bone
 A- prime mover of
dorsiflexion inverts foot;
assists in supporting
medial longitudinal arch
of foot
Extensor Digitorum
 O- lateral condyle of the
tibia; proximal ¾ of the
fibula; interosseous
membrane
 I- second and third
phalanges of toes 2-5 via
extensor expansion
 A- dorsiflexes foot; prime
mover of toe extension
Peroneus Brevis
 O- distal fibula shaft
 I- by tendon running
behind lateral malleolus
to insert on the proximal
end of the 5th metatarsal
 A- plantar flexes and
everts the foot
Extensor Hallucis Longus
 O- Anteriomedial fibula
shaft and interosseous
membrane
 I- tendon inserts on the
distal phalnx of the great
toe
 A- extension of the great
toe; dorsiflexion
Peroneus Tertius
 O- distal anterior surface
of the fibula;
interosseous membrane
 I- Tendon passes
anterior to lateral
malleolus and inserts on
the dosum of the 5th
metatarsal
 A- dorsiflexes and everts
the foot
Peroneus Longus
 O- head and upper
portion of fibula
 I- by long tendon that
curves under the foot to
1st metatarsal and
medial cuneiform
 A- plantarflexes and
everts foot; helps keep
foot flat on the ground
Tibialis Posterior
 O- extensive origin
from superior tibia and
fibula and the
interosseous membrane
 I- tendon passes behind
medial malleolus and
under the arch of the
foot; inserts into several
tarsals and metatarsals
2-4
 A- prime mover of foot
inversion; plantar flexes
ankle, stabilizes medial
longitudinal arch
Flexor Digitorum
 O- Posterior tibia
 I- tendon runs behind
medial malleolus and
splits to insert into distal
phalanages of toes 2-5
 A- plantar flexes and
inverts foot; flexes toes;
helps foot grip ground
Flexor Hallucis Longus
 O- middle part of the
shaft of fibula;
interosseous membrane
 I- tendon runs under foot
to distal phalanx of great
toe
 A- plantar flexes and
inverts foot; flexes great
toe at all joints; push off
muscle during walking
Popliteus
 O- lateral condyle of
femur
 I- proximal tibia
 A- flexes and rotates leg
medially to unlock knee
from full extension when
flexion begins
Plantaris
 O- posterior femur above
the lateral condyle
 I- via a long, thin tendon
into the calcaneus or
calcaneal tendon
(achilles)
 A- assists in knee flexion
and plantar flexion of
foot
Soleus
 O- extensive cone shaped
origin from the superior
tibia, fibula and
interossous membrane
 I- calcaneus via calcaneal
tendon
 A- plantar flexes ankle;
important locomotor and
postural muscle during
walking, running and
dancing
Gastrocnemius
 O- by two heads from the
medial and lateral
condyles of the femur
 I- calcaneus via calcaneal
tendon
 A- Plantar flexes foot
when knee is extended;
can flex the knee when
the foot is dorsiflexed