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Brochure More information from http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2374455/ Cord Blood: Biology, Transplantation, Banking, and Regulation Description: The relatively new field of cord blood (CB) is still evolving, having seen vast change since the first successful CB transplantation over 20 years ago. This volume aims to continue advancing the clinical efficacy and relevance of this area by providing a solid understanding of its present status. Representing a significant expansion of previous literature on the topic, this comprehensive resource on CB incorporates the latest developments into 39 chapters by experts in various areas of practice. Topics: - CB biology—hematopoiesis, stem/progenitor cells and their microenvironment. - Engraftment—preclinical and clinical enhancements such as use of prostaglandin E2, inhibition of cell surface protein CD26, expansion of shortterm repopulating HSCs, use of fucosylation and intrabone transplantation. - Regenerative medicine—induced pluripotent stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells and other cells. - Immune cells—CB immune cell immaturity, T helper cells, T regulatory cells, neonatal immune tolerance, natural killer cells and T-cell-dependent immune competence. - Clinical transplantation—leukemia in children, malignant disorders, nonmalignant disorders, adult recipients, double CB transplants, reducedintensity conditioning regimens, determinants of engraftment, and underutilization of CB transplantation. - Operations—transplant center processes, CB banking development and processes, public vs private banking, and unit searching and distribution. - International perspectives. - Accreditation and regulation. Contents: Preface xxiii Editor xxxi Cord Blood Biology: Hematopoiesis, Stem/Progenitor Cells, Microenvironment 1 Brief Historical Overview of Hematology, Cord Blood, and Links between the Nervous and Hematopoietic Systems John M Kinzfogl and Hal E Broxmeyer, PhD Identification of the Functional HSC Phenotypic Identification of the Murine HSC Phenotypic Identification of the Human HSC Hematopoietic Progenitors Hematogenesis, Hematopoiesis, and Umbilical Cord Blood The HSC Niche Relationship between Hematopoiesis and the Neuronal System Conclusions References 2 Developmental Hematopoiesis Momoko Yoshimoto, MD, PhD, and Mervin C Yoder, MD Overview of Hematopoiesis in the Mouse Embryo Intraaortic Hematopoietic Clusters: Emergence of HSCs from the Hemogenic Endothelium of the Dorsal Aorta Overview of Hematopoiesis in the Human Embryo and Fetus Summary References 3 Hematopoietic Cytokines and Growth Factors Monte Shaheen, MD, and Hal E Broxmeyer, PhD Evaluating Growth Factor/Cytokine Effects on Hematopoiesis Growth Factor Activities and Hematopoiesis Growth Factor/Cytokine Families Summary References 4 Phenotypic Characterization of Hematopoietic Stem Cells Brahmananda R Chitteti, PhD; Melissa A Kacena, PhD; and Edward F Srour, PhD Historical Notes Some Generalities Phenotypic Characteristics of Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells During Fetal Development Functional Differences Between Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells from Cord Blood and Other Human Hematopoietic Tissues Identification of Classes of Hematopoietic Progenitors in Cord Blood Peculiarities in the Phenotypic Identification of Cord Blood Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Recent Advances in the Identification of Classes of Hematopoietic Progenitors in Cord Blood Conclusions References 5 Immunodeficient Mouse Models for Assessing Human Hematopoiesis Shanbao Cai, MD, PhD; Haiyan Wang, MD; and Karen E Pollok, PhD Developmental History of Immunodeficient Mice for Engraftment of Human Cells Comparison of Engraftment Efficiencies in Immunodeficient Mouse Models Use of Humanized NSG Mice SCID-Repopulating Cell Frequency in Different Sources of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells Use of Immunodeficient Mice for Testing Gene Therapy Strategies in Human Hematopoietic Cells Integrated Humanized Modeling Approaches Summary References 6 Very Small Embryonic-Like Stem Cells from Umbilical Cord Blood Janina Ratajczak, MD, PhD; Dong Myung Shin, PhD; Magda Kucia, PhD; and Mariusz Z Ratajczak, MD, PhD Development and Hierarchy of the Stem Cell Compartment Identification of VSELs in Adult Tissues Molecular Data that Support Pluripotency of Murine VSELs In-Vitro and In-Vivo Data Supporting Pluripotency of VSELs Why Do Pluripotent VSELs Not Contribute to Blastocyst Development and Not Grow Teratomas? ‘ Identification of VSELs in Human UCB Developing a Rapid and Efficient Protocol for Purification of VSELs from UCB UCB-VSELs Are Lost During Routine Volume Depletion in UCB Banking Hematopoietic Differentiation of UCB-VSELs Conclusions References 7 Regulation of Hematopoiesis by the Bone Marrow Vascular Niche John P Chute, MD Concept of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche A Vascular Niche for HSCs: Origins in Embryogenesis Vascular Endothelial Cell Regulation of Adult HSC Fate Vascular Niche Regulation of Leukemia Stem Cell Fate Ongoing Questions and Opportunities References 8 Cellular Components and Regulation of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche Daniel Lucas, PhD, and Paul S Frenette, MD, FRCPC Components of the Marrow Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche Regulation of the Marrow Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche Conclusions References 9 The Dynamic and Modifiable Nature of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Their Niches Alexander Kalinkovich, MD, PhD; Jonathan Canaani, MD; and Tsvee Lapidot, PhD Dynamic Marrow Niches Provide Maintenance of Hematopoietic Stem Cells A Major Role for Osteoblast/Osteoclast Equilibrium in HSPC Regulation via the Nervous System Steady-State HSPC Egress: A Tightly and Dynamically Regulated Process Essential for Balanced Blood Homeostasis HSPC Mobilization: Accelerated, Stress-Induced Egress of HSPCs from Marrow to the Circulation, Providing Enhancement in Their Number on Demand Homing: A Prerequisite Stage of Efficient HSPC Transplantation Concluding Remarks and Perspectives References Preclinical/Clinical Means to Enhance Engraftment of Cord Blood Stem/Progenitor Cells 10 Prostaglandin E2 and other Eicosanoid-Based Strategies to Enhance Engraftment Louis M Pelus, PhD; Jennifer Speth; and Jonathan Hoggatt, PhD Enhancing the Effectiveness of UCB Transplantation Eicosanoids Enhancing UCB Transplantation with Eicosanoids Summary References 11 CD26 Inhibition to Enhance Cord Blood Engraftment Sherif S Farag, MD, PhD, and Hal E Broxmeyer, PhD Role of SDF-1 and Its Receptor CXCR4 in Homing of Hematopoietic Cells to the Marrow CD26 Cleaves SDF-1a and Modulates Its Interaction with CXCR4 Inhibition of CD26 Enhances Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Migration in an SDF-1 Gradient Inhibition of CD26 by Pretreatment of Hematopoietic Progenitors Enhances Homing and Engraftment of Limiting Numbers of Stem Cells Systemic Inhibition of CD26 to Enhance Engraftment Clinical Translation: CD26 Inhibition to Enhance Engraftment Following Cord Blood Transplantation Summary References 12 Ex-Vivo Expansion of Cord Blood Stem and Progenitor Cells Colleen Delaney, MD Cytokine-Mediated Ex-Vivo Expansion Notch-Mediated Expansion and Clinical Translation Other Emerging Approaches to Ex-Vivo Expansion Summary and Future Directions References 13 Fucosylation for Improved Engraftment Simon N Robinson, PhD; Paul J Simmons, PhD; Patrick A Zweidler-McKay, MD, PhD; and Elizabeth J Shpall, MD Lessons in Homing and Engraftment from Inflammatory Processes Mechanisms Associated with the Homing of HPCs Potential Role of Carbohydrate Modification (Fucosylation) of Selectin Ligands in Homing Studies with Fucosylation Conclusions References 14 Intrabone Transplantation of Cord Blood Cells and the Journey of Hematopoietic Cells Francesco Frassoni, MD; Marina Podesta, PhD; Riccardo Varaldo, MD; Lorenzo Magrassi, MD; Francesca Gualandi, MD; Andrea Bacigalupo, MD; Ambra Buschiazzo, MD; Francesco Fiz, MD; Antonio Uccelli, MD; Nicoletta Sacchi, PhD; Cecilia Marini, MD; Michele Piana; and Gianmario Sambuceti, MD Background Considerations in Hematopoietic Transplantation Different Approaches to Cord Blood Transplantation The Problem of Seeding Efficiency and the Puzzle of the Best Hematopoietic Stem Cell Source The Seeding Efficiency and Migratory Capacity of Hematopoietic Stem Cells The Origin of Intrabone Transplantation Clinical Intrabone Transplantation Intrabone Transplantation Offers a Chance for Salvage Therapy to 90% of Individuals with Malignant Hematopoietic Diseases How Intrabone Injection Changes the Kinetics of Transplanted Cells Conclusion References Generation or Presence of Non-Hematopoietic and Hematopoietic Cells in Cord Blood, for Possible Future Use in Regenerative Medicine 15 Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Cord and Adult Blood Mononuclear Cells Zhaohui Ye, PhD; Bin-Kuan Chou; and Linzhao Cheng, PhD Pluripotency and a Brief History of Cellular Reprogramming Human iPSCs Derived from Blood Cells Future Perspectives References 16 Cord Blood-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Potential for Clinical Therapy Man Ryul Lee, PhD; Charlie Mantel, BS; and Hal E Broxmeyer, PhD From Embryonic Stem Cells to Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Generation of iPSCs from Human Cord Blood In-Vitro Generation of Patient-Specific Hematopoietic Lineage from hPSCs The Future of iPSCs References 17 Cord-Blood-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells Mervin C Yoder, MD Introduction Methods to Define Human EPCs Isolation of EPCs from Human Cord Blood: Early Studies Subsequent Isolation of Early EPCs from Human Cord Blood Subsequent Isolation of Late EPCs (ECFCs) from Cord Blood Cryopreservation of Cord Blood EPCs Summary References 18 Putative Repair, Regenerative, and Antitumor Properties of Cord Blood: Evidence, Limitations, and Challenges Angelo A Cardoso, MD, PhD, and Nadia Carlesso, MD, PhD Cord Blood and Epithelial Tissue Regeneration Cord Blood and Repair of Neuronal Injuries Cord Blood and Modulation of Cancer Development Conclusion and Future Perspectives References 19 The Potential of Umbilical Cord Blood Stem and Progenitor Cells to Facilitate Tissue Repair and Regeneration in Genetic and Acquired Brain Injuries Jessica M Sun, MD, and Joanne Kurtzberg, MD In Search of More Effective Treatments for Brain Injuries Umbilical Cord Blood Is a Promising Source of Stem Cells for Neurologic Applications Possible Mechanisms of Action and Approaches to Therapy Unrelated-Donor Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for Genetic Brain Diseases in Children Ischemic Injuries Neurodegenerative Diseases Challenges Conclusions References Immune Cells in Cord Blood and Their Recovery after Cord Blood Transplantation 20 Immaturity of Cord Blood Immune Cells: Dysregulation of Gene Expression and Protein Production Michele Levin, MD; Carmella van de Ven, MA; and Mitchell S Cairo, MD Dysregulation of Cord Blood Hematopoiesis and Phagocytic Immunity Dysregulation of Cord Blood Immune Cells Dysregulation of Gene Expression in Cord Blood T and B Lymphocytes Dysregulation of Gene Expression in Cord Blood Immunoregulatory Cytokines Ex-Vivo Expansion and Activation of Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells with IL-2, IL-7, IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 353 Dysregulation of Gene Expression of Cord Blood CD4+/CD25+ T Regulatory Cells Reduced CTLA-4 Expression in Cord Blood T Lymphocytes Dysregulation of Gene Expression of Cord Blood Natural Killer Cells Summary References 21 Differentiation and Trafficking Potential of Cord Blood T Helper Cells Chang H Kim, PhD, and Jee H Lee, MS Origin of CB T Cells CB T-Helper-Cell Subsets and Trafficking Potential CB T-Cell Differentiation into Effector T Cells CB T-Cell Differentiation into T Regulatory Cells Factors Affecting CB T-Cell Development Implications of the CB T-Cell Differentiation Potential in Development of Immunity in Newborns and Immune Responses Following CB Transplantation Summary References 22 Role of T Regulatory Cells in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Young-June Kim, PhD, and Hal E Broxmeyer, PhD Classification of T Regulatory Cells Phenotypic Characterization of Tregs Factors That Affect Treg Function Functional Aspects of Tregs Graft-vs-Host Disease Isolation of Human Tregs In-Vivo Induction of Tregs Human Umbilical Cord Blood Tregs Obstacles in Using Human Tregs for Clinical Trials Future Directions Summary References 23 Umbilical Cord Blood Graft Lymphocytes: Unique Biology of Relevance to Neonatal Immune Tolerance R Patrick Weitzel, PhD, and Mary J Laughlin, MD Clinical Reports: Banked Allogeneic Unrelated-Donor UCB Transplantation Incidence and Severity of Acute and Chronic Graft-vs-Host Disease Micro-RNA Regulation of NFAT1 Translation in UCB Graft T Lymphocytes BACH2 Regulation of Interleukin-2 in UCB Graft T Lymphocytes NFAT1, FoxP3, and BACH2 Regulation and Treg Maturation Summary References 24 T-Cell-Dependent Immune Competence after Cord Blood Transplantation Paul Szabolcs, MD Opportunistic Infections and Survival after Cord Blood Transplantation General Principles of Immune Recovery after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unique Functional Features of Fetal Lymphocytes and Dendritic Cells The Kinetics of Cellular Immune Recovery after Cord Blood Transplantation The Prognostic Value of Monitoring Immune Recovery for Clinical Outcomes Antigen-Specific and Antiviral Immunity Adoptive T-Cell Immunotherapy after Cord Blood Transplantation In-Vitro Priming of Ex-Vivo-Expanded, CD3/CD28-Costimulated Cord Blood T Cells Against Lymphoid and Myeloid Leukemia Conclusions References 25 Umbilical Cord Blood Natural Killer Cells Yong-Oon Ahn, PhD, and Michael R Verneris, MD Role in Adaptive Immune Responses NK-Cell Subsets in Peripheral Blood and Umbilical Cord Blood Cytotoxic Capacity of Cord Blood NK Cells Cytokine Production of Cord Blood NK Cells NK-Cell-Inhibitory and -Activating Receptors Cord Blood Contains Large Numbers of NK Progenitors NK-Cell Development from Hematopoietic Stem Cells Terminal NK-Cell Maturation and Acquisition of NK-Cell Cytotoxicity NK22 Cells NK Cells and Transplantation: Role in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Engraftment Cord Blood NK-Cell Recovery and Function after Transplantation Use of Cord Blood NK Cells for Adoptive Immune Therapy References Clinical Cord Blood Transplantation: Single and Double Cord Blood Units—Myeloablative and Reduced-Intensity Conditioning 26 Cord Blood Transplantation for Leukemia in Children Mary Eapen, MD, MS Indications for Transplantation Transplantation of Umbilical Cord Blood References 27 Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for Treatment of Nonmalignant Disorders Mitchell E Horwitz, MD, and Nelson Chao, MD, MBA Use of Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells for Allogeneic Transplantation: Historical Perspective Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for Inherited Congenital Immunodeficiency Disorders Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for Hemoglobinopathies Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for Marrow Failure Disorders Conclusion References 28 Extending the Use of Cord Blood Cells to Adults Eliane Gluckman, MD, FRCP; Annalisa Ruggeri, MD; and Vanderson Rocha, MD, PhD Logistic and Biologic Comparison of Stem Cell Sources Current Results of Unrelated Cord Blood Transplantation in Adult Patients with Hematologic Malignancies Comparison of Single-Unit Unrelated-Donor Cord Blood and Matched Unrelated-Donor Marrow or Peripheral Blood Transplantation Comparison of Double Unrelated Cord Blood Transplantation with HLA-Matched Sibling and HLA-Matched and -Mismatched Unrelated Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Comparison of Unrelated Cord Blood Transplantation and Family Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation How to Improve Outcomes Summary References 29 Double Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for Malignant Disorders Claudio G Brunstein, MD, PhD, and John E Wagner, MD Engraftment after Double Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation Mechanism of UCB Unit Predominance Graft-vs-Host Disease after dUCBT Treatment-Related Mortality after dUCBT Long-Term Outcomes after dUCBT Double UCB Platform as a Research Model UCB Unit Selection Algorithm Summary References 30 Determinants of Engraftment after Double-Unit Cord Blood Transplantation Doris M Ponce, MD, and Juliet N Barker, MBBS, FRACP Early Experience with Double-Unit Transplantation Determinants of Unit Dominance Determinants of the Speed and Success of Neutrophil Engraftment Practical Implications for Unit Selection Conclusions References 31 Reduced-Intensity Conditioning and Double Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation Yi-Bin Chen, MD; Corey Cutler, MD, MPH; and Karen Ballen, MD Clinical Results Transplant-Related Mortality and Comparison to Myeloablative Regimens Engraftment Requirements Comparison to Other Stem Cell Sources Future Directions References 32 The Underutilization of Cord Blood Transplantation: Extent of the Problem, Causes, and Methods of Improvement Lawrence D Petz, MD; Stephen R Spellman, MBS; and Loren Gragert The Extent of Underutilization of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Causes of Underutilization of HSCT Proposals for Improvement Barriers to Increasing the Number of HSCTs to Optimal Levels References Logistics of Cord Blood Transplantation, and Public and Private Cord Blood Banking, and US Regulation by the Food and Drug Administration 33 Management of Umbilical Cord Blood at the Transplant Center Jeffrey McCullough, MD, and David McKenna, MD General Steps or Activities at the Transplant Center Advance Communication between Cord Blood Bank and Transplant Center Receipt and Inspection of the Unit Storage of the Unit Preparation before Transplantation Thawing and Processing the Cord Blood Unit Quality Control of the Process and Critical Values Infusion of the Cord Blood Unit and Nursing Care of the Patient Adverse Events and Reporting Summary and Conclusions References 34 Public and Private Cord Blood Banking Edward S Guindi, MD; Thomas F Moss; and Michael T Ernst, MBA Public Cord Blood Banking Private Cord Blood Banking The Parents’ Choice Conclusion References 35 Cord Blood Banking: The Development and Application of Cord Blood Banking Processes, Standards, and Regulations Donna M Regan, MT(ASCP)SBB Background Concept and Start-Up Financing Facility Equipment Personnel Collection Donor Eligibility Donor Testing Processing Product Characterization and Testing Storage Bioinformatics Distribution Quality Management Accreditation FDA Regulation Conclusion References 36 Cord Blood Banking in Developing Countries Irena Sniecinski, MD Poland Mexico Brazil China Thailand Egypt South Africa India Summary References 37 Accreditation and Regulation of Cord Blood Banking Michael Boo, JD; Kathleen Welte; and Dennis Confer, MD Overview Accreditation Regulation Conclusion References 38 Worldwide Searching and Distribution of Cord Blood Units Kathleen Welte; Michael Boo, JD; and Dennis Confer, MD Development of Cord Blood Unit Searches Development of International Cord Blood Unit Searches Issues in Providing Access to Cord Blood Units Standardizing Responsiveness of the Search Facilitation Service Ordering and Shipping a Cord Blood Unit Providing Recipient Data to Cord Blood Banks Complying with International Regulations Projects to Improve Rapid International Exchange of Search Results and Unit Information Future Search Enhancements Conclusion References 39 US FDA Regulation of Placental/Umbilical Cord Blood Ellen F Lazarus, MD, CAPT, USPHS Implementation of the Regulatory Approach to HCT/Ps and Applicability to Cord Blood Phased-In Implementation of IND and BLA Requirements for Minimally Manipulated Unrelated Allogeneic Placental/Umbilical Cord Blood Procedure for Submitting a Biologics License Application for Unrelated HPC-C References Index Ordering: Order Online - http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2374455/ Order by Fax - using the form below Order by Post - print the order form below and send to Research and Markets, Guinness Centre, Taylors Lane, Dublin 8, Ireland. 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