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UNIVERSITY OF'CALICUT
(Abstract)
prograrnme
in Chemistry under Credit Semester System (PG) Scheme and
MSc
Syllabus -approved -implemented-with effect from 2010 admission Orders-issued.
GENERAL & ACADEMTC BRANCH.IV 'J' SECTION
Dated, Calicut lJniversity PO, 30 .07.2010
No. GA lYlJ2l4684l10
Read: 1 . U.O.No. GAIV/JI 11373108 dated, 23.07 .2010.
2.ltemno.2 of the minutes of the meeting of the Board of Studies in
Chemistry held on 21.06.2010
ORDER.
As per University Order read as first, Credit Semester System was
implemented to PG programmes in affiliated Arts and Science Colltges and Self
Financing Centres of the University with effect from 2010 admission onwards.
The Board of Studies in Chemistry ,vide paper read as second, considered the
number of courses to be offered ,course content, evaluation and grading,etc of the
MSc. Chemistry programme of affiliated colleges trnder CSS pattern to be
implemented from the academic year 2010-1 1. The recommendations of the Board
in respect of courrses to be offered for M.Sc Chemistry under CSS and the syllabus
were also finalized.
The Vice-Chancellor has approved the minutes subject to ratification by the
Academic Council.
Sanction has therefore been accorded for inrplenrenting the scheme and
Syllabus of l't Semester of MSc programme in Chernistry with effect from 2010
admission.
orders are issued accordingly. Scheme and syllabus appended.
I
sd/DEPUTY REGISTRAR (G & A I\r)
Por REGISTRAR
To
The Principals of affiliated Colleges offering MSc prograrnme i'- Chemistry
Copy to:
PS to VC, PA to Registrar, chairman, B/s chemistry, cE, Ex, DRIII, DR,
PG,EGI, Enquiry,System Administrator with a request to uploatl in the
' 'G'GAII,il
University website, Information Centres,
Forwarded/BY
G
NO
Desktop/Saj i/chemi stry 4684
CER.
LtionfuK
tl u'o 6lrv[stl r+LBq\to Au
3o'o-]'to'
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
M.Sc. CHEMISTRY (CSS PA.TTERN)
Regulations and Syllabus
with effect from 2010 admission
Preamble
The Board of Studies in Chemistry (PG) at its meeting held on
21.O6.2Ot0 considered the introduction of Credit Semester System (CSS) in
affiliated colleges for the PG programmes in Chemistry and resolved to
implement the CSS pattern from 2010 admission onwards. The revised course
pattern, syllabus, distribution of credits and scheme of evaluation, etc.
approved by the Board are given below:
1.
(a)
The name of the course shall be M.Sc. Chemistry under CSS pattern.
&)
The course shall be offered in four semesters within a period of two
Course Pattern
academic years.
(c) Eligibility for ad,mission wiII be as per the rules laid down by the
University from time to time-
(d)
Course pattern: AII courses offered in the first two semesters are core
courses. The instruction hours per week and number of credits of these
courses are given in Table 1. Examination of the theory papers will be
conducted ui th" end of each semester- Examination for the 1't and 2"d
semester practical courses will be conducted at the end of second
semester. In Third, semester two core theory papers (4 x 2 = 8 credits)
and one elective theory (4 credits) and three core practicals (3x2 = 6
cred.its). In the fourth semester one core paper (4 credits) and two
elective papers (4x2 = 8 credits). A research project having 8 credits is
in IV Semester (Table 2). Practical Examination will
conducted at the end of IV Semester.
I
included
,
Detailed. syllabus of the frrst semester courses are given below'
be
I
TABLE
CoursesofferedforM.Sc.ChemistryProgrammeunderCCSSin
Affiliated Colleges
Course
Code
E
fEI
F.t
a
f-l
rI1
a
Instruction/
Course Title
Week
I
CH1CO1
Theoretical Chemistry
CH1CO2
Inorsanic Chemistry
CH1CO3
Orsanic ChemistrY
CHlPO1
CH1PO2
Inorganic ChemistrY Ptttlgl
Oreanic Chemistry Practical I
CHlPO3
Phvsical ChemistrY Practical
I
I
I
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
I
4
t2
Total Credits (Core)
p1
f-]
H
a
frl
CH2CO4
Theoretical ChemistrY
CH2CO5
Phvsical Chemistry
CH2CO6
cH.zPO4
CHzPO5
tEI
a
CH2PO6
II
I
Oreanic Chemistry II
Inorsanic Practical I
Oreanic Practical I
Phvsical Practical I
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
24
Total Credits (Core)
F-l
Er
a
4
4
4
4
4
2
CH3CO8
II
Inorsanic ChemistrY II
CH3PO7
Inorsanic Practicals
CH3PO8
Orsanic Practicals
4
2
CH3PO9
Physical
4
2
CH3CO7
fr
Credits
Phvsical ChemistrY
III
III
Practicals III
|
frl
Svnthetic Organic ChemistrY
4
4
t-I
Natural Products
4
4
CH3EO3
Polymer ChemistrY
4
4
CH3EO4
Instrumental Methods of
Analysis TheorY
4
4
a
Total Credits
-
Core
Elective
t4
4
CH4CO9
Advanced Topics in Chemistry
4
4
CH4EO5
Computational Chemistry
4
4
CH4EO6
Solid State ChemistrY
4
4
Er
CH4EO7
Industrial CatalYsis
4
4
frl
CH4EO8
Bioinorganic ChemistrY
4
4
E.I
CH4EO9
Organometallic Chemistry
Research Project and Viva
4
4
L2
8
F4
frl
a
z
a
CH4PrOl
Voce
Total Credits
-
Core
4
Elective
Project
8
8
TOTAL CREDITS OF THE
PROGRAMME
CORE
54
ELECTIVE
t2
PROJECT
8
7
UNI\MRSITY OF CALICUT
M.SC. CHEMISTRY
CHICO1
- SEMESTBR I
- THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY - I (4 Credits)
(72 h)
[Contents : Quantum Mechanics (8 units)]
UNIT I : The Foundations of Quantum Mechanics (9 h)
Historical background of quantum mechanics.
Detailed discussion of postulates of quantum mechanics - State
function or wave function postulate, Born interpretation of the wave
function, weII behaved functions, orthonormality of wave functions;
Operator postulate, operator algebra, linear and nonlinear operators,
, Laplacian operator, Hermitian operators and their properties, eigen
functions and eigen values of an operator; Eigen value postulate, eigen
value equation, eigen functions of commuting operators; Expectation
value postulate; Postulate of time-dependent Schr<idinger equation of
motion, conservative systems and time-independent Schr<idinger
equation.
UMT II : Quantum mechanics of translational & vibrational motions
(e h)
Particle in a one-dimensional box with infinite potential walls,
important features of the problem; Free particle in one-dimension;
Particle in a one-dimensional box with frnite potential walls (or particle
in a rectangular well) - tunneling; Particle in a three dimensional box,
separation of variables, degeneracy.
One-dimensional harmonic oscillator (complete treatment):- Method of
power series, Hermite equation and Hermite polynohials, recursion
relation, wave functions and energies, important features of the
problem, harmonic oscillator model and molecular vibrations.
UMT III : Quantum mechanics of Rotational motion
(9 h)
Co-ordinate systems:- Cartesian, cylindrical polar and spherical polar
coordinates and their relationships.
Rigid rotator (complete treatment): The wave equation in spherical
polar coordinates, planar rigid rotor (or particle on a ring), the Phiequation, solution of the Phi-equation, handling of imaginary wave
functions, wave functions in the real form; Non-planar rigid rotor (or
particle on a sphere), separation of variables, the Phi-equation and the
Theta-equation and their solutions, Legendre and associated Legendre
equations, Legendre and associated Legendre polynomials, Rodrigue's
4
formula, spherical harmonics (imaginary and real forms), polar
diagrams of spherical harmonics.
operators
Quantizatiort of angular momentum, quantum mechanical
.or.".porrding to anlular momenta ((L*, 1*', L*), commutation relations
between these operators, spherical harmonics as eigen functions of
angular momentum operators L & L*, Ladder operator method for
angular moqentum, space quantization'
UNIT IV : Quantum Mechanics of Hydrogen-like Atoms (9h)
Potential enerry of hydrogen-like systems, the wave equation in
spherical polar-coordinates, separation of variables, the R, Theta and
Phi equations and their solutions, LagUerre and associated Laguerre
polynomials, wave functions and energies of hydrogen-Iike atoms,
orbit"h, radial functions and. radial distribution functions and their
plots. angular functions (spherical harmonics) and their plots' The
postulate .of spin by Uhlenbeck and Goudsmith, Dirac's relativistic
equation for hydrogen atom and discovery of spin (qualitative
trlatment), spin orbiLls, construction of spin orbitals from orbirals and
spin functions.
UNIT V : Approximate methods in quantum mechanics (9 h)
Many-body problem and the need of approximation methods;
Independent pa*icle model; Variation method - variation theorem with
[e.9.,
prooi illustration of variation theorem using a trial function
il
for.the
e
x (a-*)] for particle in a lD-box and using the trial function
hydrogen uio*, variation treatment for the ground state of helium
atom; Perturbation method - time-independent perturbation method
(non-degenerate case only), illustration by application to particle in a
ID-box with slanted. bottom, perturbation treatment of the ground state
of the helium atom.
UNIT VI : euant'um mechanics of many-electron atoms (9 h)
Hartree Self-Consistent Field method for atoms; Spin orbitals for many
electron atoms, symmetric and antisymmetric wave functions; Pauli's
antisymmeiry principle; Slater determinants; Hartree-Fock SeIfConsistent .field GF-SCF) method for atoms, Hartree-Fock equations
(derivation not required) & the Fock operator; Roothan's concept of
basis functions - Slater type orbitals (sTo) and Gaussian type orbitals
(Gro).
.
h)
i
oppenheimer
schrcidinger equation for a molecule, Born
Hz molecule,
of
theory
VB
approxim"ation; Valence Bond (\trB) theory Molecular
uMT VII : Chemical bonding in diatomic molecule
(9
singlet and triplet state functions (spin orbitals) of Hz;
orbital (MO) theory - MO theory of Hz+ ion, MO theory of Hz molecule,
t
MO treatment of homonuclear diatomic molecules - Liz, Bez, Cz, Nz, 02
& Fz and hetero nuclear diatomic molecules - IjII, CO, NO & HF, bond
order, correlation diagrams, non-crossing rule; Spectroscopic term
symbols for diatomic molecules; Comparison of MO and VB theories.
UNIT
VIII : Chemical Bonding in polyatomic molecules (9 h)
Hybridization quantum mechanical treatment of sp, spz & sp3
hybridisation; Semi empirical MO treatment of planar conjugated
molecules Hiickel Molecular Orbital (HMO) theory of ethylene,
butadiene & allylic anion, charge distributions and bond orders from
the coefficients of IIMO, calculation of free valenee, HMO theory of
aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene); formula for the roots of the Htckel
determinantal equation, Frost-Hiickel circle mnemonic device for cyclic
polyenes.
References
1.
2.
F.L. Pilar, Elementary Quanturn Chemistry, McGraw-HiII, 1968.
I.N. Levine, Quanturn Chernistry,6th Edition, Pearson Education Inc.,
2009.
3.
I.N. Levine, Student Solutions Manual for Quantum Chemistry 6rh
fldition, Pearson Education Inc., 2009.
4.
P.W. Atkins and R.S. Friedman, Molecular Quantum Mechanics,
. Edition, Oxford University
5.
4th
Press, 2005.
M-W. Hanna, Quantum Mechanics
in
Chernistry, 2"a Edition, W.A.
Benjamin Inc., 1969.
6.
Donald, A. McQuarrie, Quantum Chemistry, IJniversity Science Books,
1983 (frrst Indian edition, Viva books, 2003).
7.
Thomas Engel, Quantum Chemistry
&
Spectroscopy, Pearson
Education, 2006.
8.
9.
J.P. Lowe, Quantum Chemistry,
2nd
Horia Metiu, Physical, Chemistry
Francis, 2006.
10. A.K. Chandra, Introduction
Edition, Academic Press Inc., 1993.
-
Quantum Mechanics, Taylor &
to Quantum Ch,emistry, 4th Edition, Tata
McGraw-Hill, 1994.
11. L. Pauling and E.B. Wilson,
Introductiott.
to Quantum Mechanics,
lMcGraw-Hill, 1935 (A good source book for many derivations).
12.
R.L. Flurry, Jr., Quanhtm Chemistry, Prentice Hall, 1983.
6
13.
R.K. Prasad, Quantum Chemistry,3'd Edition, New Age International,
2006.
14.
M.S. .Pathania, Quantum Chemistry and Spectroscopy (Problems &
Solutions), Vishal Publications, 1984.
15.
C.N. Datta, Lectures on Chemical Bonding and Quantum Chenistry,
Prism Books Pvt. Ltd., 1998.
16.
Jack Simons, An Introduction to Theoretical Chemistry, Cambridge
University Press, 2003.
7
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
M.Sc. CHEMISTRY _ SEMESTER I
CH1CO2
- INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - I
(72 hours)
CREDTT 4 (4 HOURSAnmEK)
UNIT
I:(9h)
Acid base theories - strength of acids and bases, Factors governing acid
strength, solvent leveling, effect of hard and soft acids and bases, super
acids, chemistry of non aqueous solvents - liquid NHs, SOz, HzSOa and
HF. Heterogeneous acid-base reactions - surface acidity, Solid and
molten acids in industrial processes.
UNIT Ir (e h)
Electron d.efi.cient compound.s - synthesis, reactions, structure and
bonding. Boron hydrides, styx numbers, Boron cluster compounds,
Wade's rule, Hydroborate anions, Organoboranes and hydroboration,
Polyhedral anions, Carboranes, Metalloboranes, Borazines and Borides.
UNIT
IrI
i)
Standard reduction potentials and their diagrammatic representations
Ellingham diagram. Latimer and Frost diagram. Pourbaux diagrams.
Metallic corrosion and passivity, Isopoly and heteropoly anions of early
(18 h)
transidion metals.
ii)
Phosphorus-nitrogen compounds, Phosphazene-cyclo and linear
phosphazenes. Phosphorus-sulphur compounds. Sulphur-nitrogen
compounds ring and chain compounds, SzHz, SaNa, SN cations and
anions
iii)
-
synthesis, structure, bonding and uses.
Silicates and alumino
silicates structure.
Zeolites, Silicones
Synthesis, structure and applications. Carbides and silicides.
UNIT rV (e h)
Errors and treatment of analytical data, limitations of analytical
methods, accuracy and precision, classifrcation and minimization of
errors, significant frgures, standard deviation, statistical treatment of
data, students tests, confidence limit, Q test, Method of least squares.
uNrT
v (e h)
Theory Indicators, Acid-base, redox, absorption, complexometric and
luminescent indicators, Titrations in non-aqueous solvents, Complex
fbrmation titrations, Principles of gravimetric analysis, Formation and
properties of precipitates, Co-precipitation, Precipitation from
8
homogeneous solution, Washing of the precipitate, ignition
precipitate, Fractional precipitation, Organic precipitants-
of
the
UNIT \rI (e h)
co-ordination Chemistry Stereochemistry of
coordination compounds. Formation constants, factors influencing
stability, methods of determination of stability constants, stabilization
of unusual oxidation states. Chelate-macrocyclic and template effects,
ambidentate and macrocyclic ligands. Valence bond theory and its
limitations.
Introduction
to
UNIT \rlr (e h)
The crystal freld and ligand field theories, orbital splitting in
octahed.ral, tetrahed.ral and square planar fields. Factors affecting
crystal field splitting, spectrochemical and nephelauxetic series, Racah
parameters, Jahn-Teller effect, MO theory - composition of Iigand
group orbitals. MO diagram of complexes with and without pi-bonding.
The f-orbitals and f-block complexes
References
1.
D.F. Shriver, P.W. Atkins and C.H. Langford, Inorganic Chemistry,
ELBS, 1990.
2.
J.E. Huheey, e.A. Keiter and R.L. Keiter, Inorganic
Chemistry,
Principles, Structure and Reactiuity, Pearson Education, 1990.
3.
F.A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson, Aduanced Inorganic Chemistry, 5th
Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 1988.
4.
B. Douglous, D.H. McDanials and J.J. Alexander, Concepts a,nd Models
in Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co.Pvt. Ltd-, 1965'
5.
L.V. Azaroff,Introduction to Solids, McGraw HiIl, NY, 1960'
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
G.H. Jeffery, J. Bassett, J. Mendham and R.C. Denny, Vogel's Text book
of Quantitatiue Chemicals An'alysis, 5th Edition, ELBS, 1989'
Skoog, West and Holler, Fund,amentals of Arualytical Chenustry, 8rh
Edition, Thomson and Brooks,2004C.E. Houecroft, Cluster molecules of p-bloch elements. Oxford Scientifrc
Publications, 1994.
D. Sutton, Electronic Spectra of Transition Metal Complexes, McGraw
HiIl, 1968.
J.C. Blair, Jr. (Ed.), The Chemistry of Coordination Compounds,
Reinhold Pub. Cor., 1960.
9
11.
L.F. Lindoy, The Chemistry of Macrocyclic Ligands and
Cambridge University Press,
72.
1989.
Complexes,
I
J.D. Lee, Concise Inorganic Chemistry, sth Edition, Oxford University
Press, 2008.
Wahid U Malik, G.D. TuIi, R.D. Madan, Selected Topics in Inorganic
Chemistry, S. Chand and Company Reprint 2009.
10
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
- SEMESTER I
-,ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - I (4 Credits)
M.SC. CHEMISTRY
CH1COB
(72 h\
UNITI:(10h)
Delocalized chemical bonding, Electron Delocalization, Resonance and
Aromaticity: Qualitative application of Huckel Mo theory and
perturbatiori theory to systems containing delocalized electrons.
Delocalized electrons and Resonance, Resonance hybrid and resonance
energy. Criteria for Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity, MO description of
Aromaticity and Aatiaromaticity. Homoaromaticity, Mobius twist and
Aromaticity. Aromaticity of Annuelens and heteroannulenes,
Fullerines, and fused ring systems. Stability of benzylic cations and
radicals. Effect of delocalized electrons on pKaHydrogen bond.ing:
Inter- and. intramlecular hydrogen bonding. Range of the enerry of
hydrogen bonding. Effect of hydrogen bond on conformation, physical
and chemical properties of organic compounds, vilatility, acidity,
basicity and stability of hydrates of carbonyl compounds. Stabilization
of hyd.rates of glyoxal and chloral, and ninhydrin. High acid strength of
maleic acid compared to fumaric acid.
UNIT
II : (10 h)
Basic concepts in the study of organic reaction mechanisms:
Application
of Experimental criteria to mechanistic studies,
Thl.modynamic and. kinetic data, Curtius-Hammet principles, Kinetic
versus thermod.ynamic control. Acidity constant, Hammet acidity
function. Reactive intermediates and their characterizatin. Isotope
effect (tabelin g experiments), stereochemical correlations.
Neighbouring group participation, participation of carboxylate ion,
halogen, hydroxyl Broup, acetoxy souP, phenyl group and pi-bond.
Structure and reactivity, Transition state theory, Potential enerry vs
Reaction co-ordinate curve, Substituent effects (inductive, mesomeric,
ind.uctomeric, electomeric and freld. effects) on reactivity. Qualitative
study of substitution effects in SN1-SN2 reactions. Semiquantitative
study of substituent effects on the -_acidity of carboxylic acids'
free
euantitative correlation of substituent effects on reactivity. Linear
enerry relationships. Hammet and Taft equation for polar efl,ects and
Taft's steric, substituent constant for steric effect.
11
r
References: (Unit I and
1.
II)
J. March, Aduanced organic ch,emistry,
4th
Edition, John wiley and
Sons, 1992.
2-
T.H. Lowry and K.s. Richardson, Mechan\sm and rheory in organic
Chemistry, Harper Collins, 1987.
3.
F.A. carey and R.J. sundberg, Aduanced organic chem,istry (parts A &
B), 3.a Edition, Plenum Press, 1990.
4-
R.A.Y. Jones, Physical and Mechanistic Organic Chemistry, Cambridge
University Press, 1979.
UNIT
III
:
Isomerism-I (10 h)
of Chirality, Recognition of symmetry elements and chiral
structures, conditions for optical activity, optical purity, specific
Concept
rotation and its variation in sign and magnitude under different
conditions, Relative and absolute confrgurations, Fisher projection
formula, Sequence rule - R and S notations in cyclic and acyclic
c;ompounds.
Optical isomerism of compounds containing one or more asymmetric
carbon atoms, Enantiotopic, Homotopic, Diastereotopic hyd.rogen atoms,
Prochiral centre.
Optical isomerism
in Biphenyls,
Allenes and Nitrogen and Sulphur
compounds, conditions for optical activity, R and s notations.
Restricted rotation in biphenyls - Molecular overcrowd.ing. Chirality
due to folding of helical structures.
Geometrical isomerism - E and Z notation of compounds with one and
more double bonds in acyclic systems. Methods of d."t"r*ination of
the
configuration of geometrical isomers in acyclic acid cyclic systems, inter
conversion of geometrical isomers.
stereochemistry of Aldoximes and ketomines
methods of determining configurations.
-
Naming
-
isomerism
-
UNIT IV : Isomerism-Il (10 h)
Asymmetric Synthesis
The chiral pool: Alpha amino acids in the synthesis of benzodiazepines,
carbohydrates (!enzyl D mannose to Swainsonine/preparation of
tomolol from D-mannitol), Felkin-Ahn model and Cramis chelation
t:ontroI.
t2
Chiral auxili,aries: Oxazolid'inones, Chiral sulfoxides in controlling the
reduction of ketones, Camphor derivative in Dieis Alder reaction and
radical reactions.
Chiral reagents: BINOL, tartrates, Iithium di(l-phenyl ethyl) arnide'
Chiral catalysts: Rhodium and ruthenium ca'talysts with chiral
phosphine ligands like (R)BINAP, (R,R)DIOP'
Enzymatic methods using enzymes'
References
1.
J. March,
Ad,uanced,
organic chemistry,
4th
Edition, John wiley
and'
Sons, L992.
2.
New Age
Nasipuri, stereochemistry of organic compounds, 2'd Edition,
International-
3.Kalsi,stereochemistryoforganicCompou,lr,ds,WileyEastern.
4. J. Clayden, N. Greeves, S. Warren and P. Wothers, organic Chemistry,
Oxford UniversitY Press, 2001'
5.
John
E. EIieI and s.H. wilen, stereochemistrl' of organic compourzds'
WiIeY, 1994-
UNIT V : Conformational Analysis - Part I
Internal factors
Difference between confrguration and confrrmation'
bond opposition
affecting the stability of molecules - dipole interaction, projections
strain, bond. angle strain. Perspective and Newman
acyclic
of
Conformation
rformationsre, alkene dih.alides,glycols, chloro
o and' threo isomers, aldehYdesand
chair conformation Interconversion of axial and' equatorial bonds in
in both chair and
distance between the various Ii atoms and C atoms
boat conformations' Monosubst
cyclohexanes flexible
disubstituted cYclohexanes
substituted
an
(1:
cYclohexanone-
hexanone,(cis&trans),2-bromo-4,4-dimethylcyclohexanone.
Anchoring group and conforma
of 1:4 cis and trans disubstit
substituent is l-butYl and thei
of an axial or equatorial
s
adamentane, sucrose and lactose'
I
13
t/
,l
,/
UNIT VI : Conformational Analysis - Part 2
Effect of conformation on the course and rate of reactions in
(a)
Debromination of dl and meso 2,3-dibromobutane or stilbene dibromide
using K[. (b) Semipinacolic deamination of erythro and threo l,Zdiphenyl-1-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-amino ethanol. (c),Action of methyl
magnesium bromide on 2-phenylpropionaldehyde (Stereo chemical
direction of asymmeetric induction). (d) Dehydrohalogination of
stilbenedihalide (dl and meso) and erythreo threo- bromo-1,2-diphenyl
propane.
Effect
of
conformation on the course and rate of reactions in
cyclohexane systems illustrated by: (a) Sr.r2 and SNl reactions for (i) an
axial substituent, and (ii) an equatorial substituent in flexible ana rigia
systems. @) 81, E2 eliminations illustrated 'by the following
compounds. (r) 4-t-Butylcyclohexyl tosylate (cis and trans) (ii) iPhenylcyclohexanol (cis and trans) (iir) Menthyl and neomenthyl
chlorides and benzene hexachlorides. (c) Pyrolytic elimination of esters
(cis elimination) (d) Semipinacolic deamination of cis and trans-2aminocyclohexanol (e) Esterffieation of axial as well as equatorial
hydroxyl and hydrolysis of their esters in rigid and flexible systems.
(Compare the rate of esterification of methanol, isomenthol, neomenthol
and neoisomenthol). (0 Esterffication of axial as well as equatorial
carboxyl groups and hydrolysis of their esters. (g) Hy&olysis of axial
and equatorial tosylates. (h) Oxid.ation of secondary axial and
equatorial hydroxyl group to ketones by chronic acid.
UNIT VII : (10 h)
(i)
Reactions of Carbon-heteromultiple bonds (g h)
Addition of carbon-oxygen multiple bond: Addition of water, alcohols,
amines and hydrazine. Aldol, Perkin, Clainson, Dieckmann, Stobbe and
benzoin condensation. Darzons, Knoevenagel, Reformatosky, wittig,
cannizaro, Mannich and prins reactions. Mpv reduction u.rd
Oppenaur oxidation. Cram's rule. Hydrolysis, alcoholysis and reduction
of nitriles- Ritter reactin and rhorpe cond.ensation.
(ii) Esterification and Hydrolysis (2 h)
Mechanism of Ester hydrolysis and esterifrcation, Acyl-oxygen and alkyl
oxygen cleavage.
Esterification
hydrolysis.
of axial and equatorial alcohols and acids
their
References
1-
J. March, Aduanced organic chemistry, lth Edition, John wiley
Sons, 1992.
14
and
Morrison & Boyd, Organic Chemistry, Prentice Hall*Parts A &
F.A. Carey and R.J. Sundberg, Aduanced Organic Chenistry
B), 3.d Edition, P1enum Press, 1990.
4.
E.S. Gould,, Mechanism and structure in organic chemistry, Holt,
Rinehart and Winston, 1959.
UNIT
VIII : Introduction to Polymer Chemistrv (10 h)
Principles of polymerization, Classes of polyrners, Synthetic
and
biopolymers.
Synthetic polYmers:
Chain reaction polymerization and step reaction
polymer:izationLinear, crosslinked and network polymers. Copolymers, Free-radical
and ionic polymerization. Natural and synthetic rubbers.
Biopolymers:
Primary, secondary and tertiary structure of proteins, solid phase
peptide synthesis, Protecting groups, Sequence determination of
p"ptia". and proteins, Structure and synthesis of glutathione, Structure
of RNA and DNA, Structure of cellulose and starch, Conversion of
cellulose to RaYon.
References
1.
2.
saunders , organ,ic Polymer chemistry, chapman and HalI.
3.
4.
I.L. Finar, organic chem.istry, vo}. II,
s.H. Pine, J.B. Hendrickson, D.J. Cram and G.s. Hammond, organic
chemistry, McGraw HiIl International Book company, 1981.
5th
Edition, ELBS, 1975.
Jordean, The Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, Buttorworths.
15
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
M.Sc. CHEMISTRY _ SEMESTER
CHIPO2
- ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
-I
I
(z Credits)
UNIT I : Laboratory Techniques
of Separation and Purification of Organic Compounds
fractional, steam and low-pressure distillations, fractional
Methods
crystallisation and sublimation.
UNIT
II : Separation and identification of the components of organic
binary mixtures.
Analysis of about ten mixtures, some of which containing compounds
with more than one functional group.
References
1.
B.s. Furnis, A.J. Hannaford, p.w.G. Smith and A.R. Tatchell, vogel,s
Textbook of Practical organic chemistry, ELBS/Longman, 1ggg.
2-
shriner, Fuson and cartin, systematic Id,entification of organic
Compounds,1,g14.
3.
4-
Fieser, Experiments in Organic Chemistry, lgb7.
Dey, sitaraman and Govindachari, A Laboratory Manual of organic
Chemistry, 3.a Edition, 1g57.
5.
P-R. singh- D.c. Gupta and K.s. Bajpal, Experimental organic
Chemistry, Vol. I and II, 1990.
6.
Vishnoi, Practical Organic Chemistry.
16
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
iVT.S.. CUPNTTSTRY
- SEMESTER I
CHlPO1 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
UNIT
-l
(2 Credits)
I
Separationandid.entifrcationoffourmetalionsofwhichtwoareless
familiarelementslikeW'"S"-tt'tvto'Ce'-Th'Tr'Zt'V'UandLi'
pr"*nt). confrrmation by spot tests'
(Eliminating acid. rad,icals
UNIT
,ro1
II
Volumetric Determinations using:
of water)
(a) EDTA (Al' Ba' Ca' Cu' Fe' Ni' Co' hardness
&)
(c)
CerimetrY (Fe2*' nitrite)
Potassium Iodate (Iodide' Sn2*)
References
1.G.H-Jeffery,J'Basseett'J'MendhamandR'C'Denny'Vogel'sText
bookofQuantitatiueChemi'"ii""lysis'SthEdition'ELBS'1989'
2.D.A.SkoogandD.M,We;t,AnalyticalChernistry,Anlntroduction,4rh
Ltd'' 1986'
Edition, CLs p"ufishing Japan
3.E.J.Meehan,S.BruckensteinandI.M.KolthoffandE.B.Sandell,
M acmillan Comp anv'
at A;;;;;;;, JJ B aition, The
chemic
Quontiti,ti*-'
1969.
4.R.A.Day(Jr.)andA.L.Underwood,QuantitatiueAnalysis,6thEdition,
Prentice HaIl of India' 1993'
17
\
--!
UNTVERSITY OF CALICUT
M.Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER
-
I
cHIpoB - pHysrcAl cHEMrsTRy
- r (z credits)
UNIT r : sorubility and Heat of
solution (2 experiments)
1'
Determination of molar heat of
sorution of a substance (e.g., ammonium
acid) from .otruiilt-vanarytital- method and
ffirXhilf,.;ffi
UNIT II : phase Equilibria (B
irr, -
1'(a) Determination of
phase
-diagram of a simple eutectic system (e.g.,
.,\laphthalene _ Biphenyl, Napirtf,ut.;;
_ Diphenyl amine)
Determination of the composition
of a binary sorid mixture.
(b)
2'
experiments)
Determination of phase diagram
of a binary sorid system forming
compound (e. g., Naphtharene-m-dinitrobenzene)-
a
UNIT
III : Viscosity
1'
\/iscosity of mixtures verification
of Kendall,s equation (e.g.,
nitrobenzene, water- alcohol)
benzene-
2'
(2 experiments)
of molecular weight of a polymer
(e.g., polystyrene in
,'jl"r_Tr':ation
UNIT IV: Distribution Law (B
experiments)
1'
2.
3.
Ilretermination of distribution
coefficient of Iz between ccla
and Hzo.
Determination of equrlibrium
constant of KI * Iz = Kls.
Determination of concentration
of KI solution.
References
1'
2'
3'
4'
5'
6'
I'
Finlay, practicar physicar chemistry.
Longman,s Green & co.
A'M' James, Practical Physical
chemistry, J.A. churchil Ltd.,
1961.
F' Danier, J.w. rMilliams, p. bender,
J'E' Harriman, Experiment:at physiit R.A. Alberty, c.D. cornwe, and
Ci"*;rtry, Mc()ra* Hi,, 1970.
S;i;"#;;"';:"r;Ue.ntat
il;?riTiilri.o""
ir'lr"'o'v,
Phvsicat
chemist
,
2,,a
Edition, cambridge
and c-w. Garland, Experintentat physicat
chemistry,
Aduanced, practicar ph.vsicai
chemistry,Goer pubrications,
18