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Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL AT INIST-CNRS Leukaemia Section Short Communication +3 or trisomy 3 in non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) Antonio Cuneo, Gianluigi Castoldi Hematology Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Corso Giovecca 203, Ferrara, Italy (AC) Published in Atlas Database: January 2001 Online updated version: http://AtlasGeneticsOncology.org/Anomalies/tri3NHLID2008.html DOI: 10.4267/2042/37711 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.0 France Licence. © 2001 Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology Identity +3 (right) and partial trisomy 3 due to i(3)(q10) (left) FISH - Courtesy Hossein Mossafa. exception of marginal zone lymphomas (MZL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL); in MZL, total or partial trisomy 3 may occur in 50-70% of cytogenetically abnormal cases, with a reported incidence by interphase FISH in the 50-85% range; the incidence does not appear to vary according to the clinicopathologic features, with similar frequency in the extra-nodal MALT lymphoma, in the nodal and the splenic form of MZL; trisomy 3/3q was reported in 10-15% of MCL with an higher incidence (up to 40%) by molecular cytogenetic techniques; sporadically, other low-grade and high grade B-lymphoid tumors may carry trisomy 3/3q. Clinics and pathology Disease Trisomy 3 occurs more frequently in T-cell lymphomas than in B-cell lymphomas. Globally, 20-30% of T-NHL may carry trisomy 3, the highest incidence having been noted in lymphoepithelioid lymphoma, in low-grade peripheral T-cell lymphoma, in angioimmonoblastic lymphadenopathy and in adult T-cell leukemialymphoma. Trisomy 3 is relatively rare in B-NHL, with the Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2001; 5(1) 44 +3 or trisomy 3 in non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) Cuneo A, Castoldi GL on Chromosomes in Leukemia-Lymphoma. Blood. 1987 Nov;70(5):1554-64 Prognosis The prognostic significance of trisomy 3 in T-cell and B-cell lymphomas is unknown; there does not appear to be a role for trisomy 3 in tumor progression from lowgrade MALT lymphoma to the high grade form, whereas gains of 3q may be associated with the aggressive blastoid variant of MCL. Schlegelberger B, Himmler A, Gödde E, Grote W, Feller AC, Lennert K. Cytogenetic findings in peripheral T-cell lymphomas as a basis for distinguishing low-grade and high-grade lymphomas. Blood. 1994 Jan 15;83(2):505-11 Dierlamm J, Pittaluga S, Wlodarska I, Stul M, Thomas J, Boogaerts M, Michaux L, Driessen A, Mecucci C, Cassiman JJ, De Wolf-Peeters C, Van den Berghe H. Marginal zone Bcell lymphomas of different sites share similar cytogenetic and morphologic features. Blood. 1996 Jan 1;87(1):299-307 Cytogenetics Cytogenetics morphological Michaux L, Dierlamm J, Wlodarska L, Criel A, Louwagie A, Ferrant A, Hagemeijer A, Van den Berghe H. Trisomy 3q11q29 is recurrently observed in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas associated with cold agglutinin syndrome. Ann Hematol. 1998 May;76(5):201-4 Trisomy 3 may be total or partial; commonly overrepresented segments in partial trisomy 3 include the q21-23 region and the q25-29 region; total/partial trisomy 3 may occur as an isolated anomaly in a minority of cases. Beà S, Ribas M, Hernández JM, Bosch F, Pinyol M, Hernández L, García JL, Flores T, González M, LópezGuillermo A, Piris MA, Cardesa A, Montserrat E, Miró R, Campo E. Increased number of chromosomal imbalances and high-level DNA amplifications in mantle cell lymphoma are associated with blastoid variants. Blood. 1999 Jun 15;93(12):4365-74 Cytogenetics molecular The anomaly is readily detectable by G- and R-banding in most cases; however, FISH using a centromeric probe is more sensitive than conventional cytogenetics, allowing for the study of non-dividing cells and for the detection of partial trisomy in complex karyotypes with marker chromosomes. Hoeve MA, Gisbertz IA, Schouten HC, Schuuring E, Bot FJ, Hermans J, Hopman A, Kluin PM, Arends JW, van Krieken JH. Gastric low-grade MALT lymphoma, high-grade MALT lymphoma and diffuse large B cell lymphoma show different frequencies of trisomy. Leukemia. 1999 May;13(5):799-807 Genes involved and proteins Bigoni R, Cuneo A, Milani R, Roberti MG, Bardi A, Rigolin GM, Cavazzini F, Agostini P, Castoldi G. Secondary chromosome changes in mantle cell lymphoma: cytogenetic and fluorescence in situ hybridization studies. Leuk Lymphoma. 2001 Feb;40(5-6):581-90 Note The gene(s) involved in the transformation process by gene dosage effect or by other mechanisms are not known. This article should be referenced as such: Cuneo A, Castoldi GL. +3 or trisomy 3 in non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2001; 5(1):44-45. References . Correlation of chromosome abnormalities with histologic and immunologic characteristics in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and adult T cell leukemia-lymphoma. Fifth International Workshop Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2001; 5(1) 45