Download VIPNET NEWS lk [kxzkl&,d vuqie [kxksyh; ?kVuk

Registered with the Registrar of Newspapers of India:
R.N.
DELENG/2002/8668
VIPNET NEWS
A monthly newsletter of Vigyan Prasar Network of Science Clubs - VIPNET
JUNE 2009
VOL. 7
NO. 6
PRICE: Rs. 2.00
[kxzkl&,d vuqie [kxksyh; ?kVuk
lk
fFk;ks]a foiusV ds fiNys vadksa esa vki varjkZ"Vªh; [kxksy o"kZ&2009 ,oa lw;Z xzg.k ;kuh
[kxzkl ls lacfa èkr fofHkUu ys[k i<+rs vk, gSAa blh Øe esa foiusV ds bl vad esa vki bl
o"kZ 22 tqykbZ dks ?kfVr gksus okyh vuks[kh ,oa jksekapdkjh [kxksyh; ?kVuk ds ckjs esa tkusxa As
Inside
fo'ks"k ys[k
[kxzkl&,d vuqie [kxksyh;
?kVuk
Astrology and Astronomy:
From Conjunction to
Opposition
,d o`{k dk taxy
Astronomy Puzzle
Photo Quiz
Astronomy Activity
Cornner:
Composition of different
colors in the Sunlight
VIPNET Questionnaire
lkbUVwu
xksyw dh lksp
foKku lqf[kZ;ka
ge foiusV esa iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k dks lqjf{kr <ax ls ns[kus ds lac/a k esa Hkh tkudkfj;ka nsrs jgs gSAa
gesa mEehn gS fd vki dks foKku izlkj }kjk fodflr dh xbZ [kxksfydh fdV Hkh feyh gksxh mlesa
,d lksyj fQYVj Hkh gS ftlls vki iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k dh ifj?kVuk dks ns[kus dk vkuan ys ldsxa As lkSyj
fQYVj vki foKku izlkj ls vyx ls Hkh izkIr dj ldrs gSa ftldh dher yxHkx nl&iUnzg :i,
rd gksxhA
[kxzkl ?kVUkk ds ckjs esa tkx:drk iSnk djus ,oa bl ?kVuk dks fugkjus ds fy, foKku izlkj
}kjk eè;izn's k ds lhèkh 'kgj esa 21 ls 22 tqykbZ ds nkSjku jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izk|S ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn
ds lkFk la;qDr :i ls ,d dSEi dk vk;kstu fd;k tk,xkA lh/kh esa bl dSEi dh estckuh lkbal
lsVa j] Xokfy;j] }kjk dh tk,xhA bl dSEi esa izR;sd jkT; ls dqN pqus gq, foiusV Dyc Hkh 'kkfey
gks ldsxa As bl dSEi ds ckjs esa ge vius fiNys nks vadksa esa foLrkj ls crk pqds gSa fd dSls vki bl
dSEi esa Hkkx ys ldrs gSAa ,d ckj fQj ge vkidks crk nsa fd fofHkUu foiusV Dycksa }kjk gesa lw;xZ gz .k
ls lacaf/kr ifj;kstuk,a
Camp at belt of totality During TSE-2009
izfs "kr dh tk,axh ftuesa ls
Camp at Sidhi (M.P.) for VIPNET Members on the
p;fur ifj;kstukvksa dks
occasion of TSE-2009 during 21 to 23 July 2009.
foiusV if=kdk esa izdkf'kr
For details Kindly refer to VIPNET NEWS (April and
fd;k tk,xk vkSj mu
may issues). Hurry up, we are waiting for your project.
Dycksa ds nks lnL;ksa ,oa
Dyc la;kstd dks lhèkh esa vk;ksftr gksus okys dSEi esa Hkkxhnkjh dk volj iznku fd;k tk,xkA gesa
vk'kk gS fd vfèkd ls vfèkd foiusV Dyc geas lw;Z xzg.k ls lacfa /kr ifj;kstuk izfs "kr djsxa As vkidh
ifj;kstuk,a gesa ,d tqykbZ] 2009 rd izkIr gks tkuh pkfg,A bl le;kof/k esa izkIr ifj;kstukvksa
ij gh fopkj fd;k tk,xk vkSj Js"B 250 ifj;kstukvksa dks izLrqr djus okys Dycksa dks ^lh/kh dSEi*
esa vkeaf=kr fd;k tk,xkA
vxj vkids Dyc dks ^lh/kh dSEi* esa Hkkxhnkjh dk volj ugha Hkh feyrk gS rks Hkh vki vius
{ks=k esa gh xzg.k ds utkjs dk vkuan ys ldrs gSAa vkSj lkFk gh lkFk dqN xfrfofèk;ka
Hkh dj ldrs gSAa bl vad esa ge lw;Z xzg.k ls lacfa /kr dqN xfrfof/k;ksa dks lq>k
jgs gSAa vki bu fofHkUu ifj;kstukvksa dks djus dk iz;kl djsa vkSj gesa viuh
ifj;kstuk,a izfs "kr djsAa vkids }kjk izfs "kr lw;Z xzg.k ls lacfa èkr ifj;kstukvksa
esa ls pqfuank ifj;kstukvksa dks ge foiusV if=kdk esa izdkf'kr djsxa As pqfuank
ifj;kstukvksa dks foKku izlkj }kjk iqjLÑr Hkh fd;k tk,xkA
Those who study the stars have God for a teacher.... Tycho Brahe
varjkZ"Vªh; [kxksy foKku o"kZ 2009
22 tqykbZ] 2009 dks gesa izÑfr dh ,d vuks[kh ?kVuk dks ;kuh
iw.kZ lw;xZ zg.k dks ns[kus dk volj feysxkA ml le; panzek lw;Z dh
pdrh ¼fMLd½ dks iwjh rjg <d nsxkA iw.kZ lw;xZ gz .k vFkkZr~ ^[kxzkl* ,d
,slh nqyHZ k [kxksyh; ?kVuk gS ftls ns[kus dk volj vf/kdka'k yksxksa dks
{ks=k esa gS rks ;s tkuus dh dksf'k'k djsa fd vkids {ks=k esa
pUnzek dh fMLd lw;Z dks fdrus izfr'kr <drh gSA bls vki
ifj;kstuk ds :i esa dj ldrs gSAa
thou esa ,d ckj Hkh ugha fey ikrkA vkSlr :Ik ls] i`Foh ds fdlh LFkku
fo'ks"k esa iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k 360 o"kZ esa dsoy ,d ckj yxrk gSA iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k
ds lacaèk esa ;g Hkh ekuk tkrk gS fd i`Foh ij iw.kZ xzg.k ds xqtjus dk ekxZ
cgqr ladjk gksrk gS vkSj og vfèkdrj HkweMa y ds nqxeZ {ks=kksa ls gksdj xqtjrk
gSA gkykafd] 22 tqykbZ 2009
dks iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k dh Nk;k
dk ekxZ vusd cM+as 'kgjksa vkSj
?kuh vkcknh okys {ks=kksa ls gksdj
xqtjsxkA vr% ;g Lof.kZe ekSdk
gS tc vfèkd ls vf/kd yksx
bl izkÑfrd ?kVuk dks ns[k
ldsxa As gesa bl ekSds dk ykHk
mBkuk pkfg, vkSj iw.kZ lw;Z
xzg.k dh ?kVuk dks ns[kuk
pkfg,A ;g bl 'krkCnh dk
lcls yack iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k gksxk
vkSj blds xqtjus ds ekxZ ij
[kxzkl dh vf/kdre vofèk
6 feuV 39 lsdMas rd gksxhA
bl izdkj lu~ 2132 rd dk
;gh lcls yack iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k
gksxkA oSls ifjfLFkfr;ka cgqr vuqdwy gksus ij iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k dh vfèkdre
vofèk lk<s+ lkr feuV rd Hkh gks ldrh gSA
vuks[ks la;ksx ds dkj.k lw;Z vkSj panez k dk vkdkj rFkk budh vkilh nwjh
bruh gS fd i`Foh vkSj pUnzek nksuksa dk dks.kh; vkdkj yxHkx ,d&lk
fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA pwafd i`Foh lw;Z dh ifjØek nh?kZo`Ùkkdkj d{kk esa djrh gS
vkSj panez k Hkh i`Foh ds pkjksa vksj nh?kZoÙ` kkdj d{kk esa gh ?kwerk gS] blfy,
tc lw;Z i`Foh ls fudVre nwjh
ij vkSj panzek vfèkdre nwjh
ij gksrk gS rks panzek dh pdrh
lw;Z dh pdrh ls NksVh fn[kkbZ
nsrh gSA blfy, tc panzek dh
pdrh lw;Z dh pdrh ds lkeus
ls xqtjrh gS rks mls iwjh rjg
ugha <d ikrhA bl izdkj dk
xzg.k ^dad.kkÑfr* ;k ^oy;kdkj*
xzg.k dgykrk gSA Hkkjr esa 15
tuojh 2010 dks gesa oy;kdkj
lw;Z&xzg.k ns[kus dk lqvolj
feysxk tks ns'k ds nf{k.kh Hkkx esa
fn[kkbZ nsxkA
VIPNET NEWS
2
oy;kdkj xzg.k
vkaf'kd lw;&Z xzg.k
dbZ ckj i`Foh ij izPNk;k ugha
dsoy miPNk;k gh iM+rh gSA ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa i`Foh ij dsoy vkaf'kd
lw;Z&xzg.k fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA rc panzek dh fMLd lw;Z dh fMLd ds dsanz ij
ls ugha xqtjrhA la;ksxo'k] iw.kZ ;k oy;kdkj lw;Z&xzg.kksa dh rqyuk esa
D;ksa gksrk gS lw;Z xzg.k
vkaf'kd lw;&Z xzg.k vf/kd yxrs gSAa vkaf'kd lw;&Z xzg.k dks miNk;k {ks=k ds
lfn;ksa ls yksxksa ds eu esa lw;Z xzg.k dks ysdj vusd loky mBrs jgs gSaA Hkhrj iM+us okys vusd LFkkuksa ls ns[kk tk ldrk gSA
vfèkdrj yksxksa dks ;g iz'u cSpus djrk gS lw;&Z xzg.k yxrs dSls gS\a dqN yksx
lw;Z xzg.k ds dkj.k gksrs ifjorZu
lw;Z xzg.k dks nSoh; ?kVuk ekurs jgs
oSls rks iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k yxus ls ,d
gSaA ysfdu vkt ge tkurs gSa fd
?kaVk igys rd fdlh O;fä dks iw.kZ
lw;Z&xzg.k rc yxrk gS tc panzek Mortal as I am, I know that I am born for a day. But
when
I
follow
at
my
pleasure
the
serried
multitude
of
lw;Z&xzg.k ds fn[kkbZ nsus okys LFkku
i`Foh rFkk lw;Z ds chp esa vk tkrk
the stars in their circular course, my feet no longer
dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa yxHkx dksbZ ifjorZu
gS vkSj panzek dh Nk;k i`Foh dh
touch the earth....Ptolemy, c.150 AD
ugha fn[kkbZ nsrkA ysfdu] iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k
lrg ij ls xqtjrh gSA ,slk dsoy
yxus ls djhc 20 feuV igys izdk'k
vekoL;k ds fnu gks ldrk gS] gkykafd panzek dh d{kk ds >qdko ds dkj.k
izR;sd vekoL;k dks ,slk ugha gksrk gSA xzg.k dh Nk;k ds nks Hkkx gksrs gSa( dh rhozrk dkQh ?kV tkrh gSA iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k ds yxHkx rhu feuV igys
igyk ^izPNk;k* ¼vEczk½ ;k iw.kZ Nk;k tks 'kadq ds :Ik esa gksrh gSA vkSj mlesa vkleku cgqr dkyk gks tkrk gSA ml le; lw;Z pkikdkj ¼ØhlsVa ½ fn[kkbZ
dgha ls Hkh lw;Z dk izdk'k izos'k ugha dj ikrk gSA i`Foh ds ftl {ks=k ls gksdj nsus yxrk gSA iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k ls igys vxj vki fdlh igkM+ dh pksVh
;g Nk;k xqtjrh gS mls gh [kxzkl iw.kZ iV~Vh {ks=k dgk tkrk gSA ;gh og {ks=k ij gSa vkSj xzg.k nksigj ckn yxus okyk gS rks vkidks if'peh f{kfrt ls
gS tgka ls lw;Z iwjk <dk fn[kkbZ nsrk gS vkSj fnu esa gh dqN nsj ds fy, jkr 800 ehVj izfr lsdMas ¼;kuh] vkokt dh xfr ls yxHkx 2-5 xquk½ dh xfr
tSlk ekgkSy gks tkrk gSA bl vof/k ds nkSjku ge dbZ xzg] u{k=k vkSj rkjs ls vkxs c<+rh gqbZ izPNk;k fn[k ldrh gSA iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k dh voLFkk ls
Hkh ns[k ldrs gSaA xzg.k dh Nk;k dk nwljk Hkkx ^miPNk;k* ¼ihuEczk½ ;k yxHkx ,d feuV igys lQsn lrg ij rjax dh rjg pyrh dkyh rFkk
vkaf'kd Nk;k dgykrk gS tks lw;Z dh fMLd ds dsoy ,d gh Hkkx ls izdk'k 'osr ifê;ka fn[kkbZ nsus yxrh gS tks ^Nk;k ifê;ka* ¼'kSMks cSUM~l½ dgykrh
igaqpus ds dkj.k curh gSA izPNk;k {ks=k esa [kM+s O;fä ¼izs{kd½ dks lw;Z dh gSaA vxys dqN lsdsaMksa esa lw;Z ds izdk'k dh rhozrk rsth ls de gks tkrh
fMLd panzek ls iwjh rjg <dh gqbZ fn[kkbZ ugha nsrh gSA ;fn vki izPNk;k ds gSA ftlds dkj.k okrkoj.k dk rkieku Hkh de gks tkrk gSA vkSj] Bhd
June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6
varjkZ"Vªh; [kxksy foKku o"kZ 2009
blh le; vkidks panzek dh lrg ij ekStwn ?kkfV;ksa ls dkSa/krk izdk'k ;kuh ckn fQj ckgj vk ldrs gSaA okLro esa iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k ds utkjs
^csyht~ chM~l* ef.kdkvksa dh ekyk ds leku fn[kkbZ nsus yxrk gSA blds ckn dh jkspdrk dks vuqHko djds c;ku djus dk etk dqN vksj
'kh?kz gh panzek dh ?kkfV;ksa ls vkrs
gh gS blfy, bl vn~Hkqr
iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k iV~Vh ij foiusV lnL;ksa ds fy, dSEi 21 ls 23
izdk'k dh vafre rst ped ekuks ^ghjs
?kVuk dks lqjf{kr :i ls
tqykbZ] 2009
dh vaxwBh* lh fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA tc ;g
ns[kus dk ykHk vo'; mBkuk pkfg,
vf/kd
tkudkjh
ds
fy,
foius
V
U;w
t
+
ds
viz
S
y
rFkk
ebZ
va
d
ghjs dh vaxBw h xk;c gks tkrh gS rks gesa
blds fy, gesa pkgs fdruk gh nwj tkuk
ns[ksaA gesa vkidh ifj;kstukvksa dk bUrtkj gSA vkf[kjh rkfj[k
fn[kkbZ nsus okys lw;Z ds n`'; 'osr
iM+sA vkSj gka fQj vius vuqHko gesa
iz d k'kea M y ls Bhd Åij fLFkr
vo'; fy[k HkstAas ge dksf'k'k djsxa s fd
utnhd gS] nsj u djsaA
ØkseksfLQ;j ¼;kuh lw;Z dk fupyk
mUgsa foiusV esa izdkf'kr fd;k tk,A
ok;qeaMy½ vkyksfdr gks mBrk gS tks bl ckr dk ladsr gksrk gS fd iw.kZ
D;ksa egRoiw.kZ gS [kxzkl dh ?kVuk
lw;Zxzg.k 'kq: gks x;kA bl le; lw;Z dh lrg ls yk[kksa fdyksehVj nwj rd
vn~Hkqr vkSj jksekapd gksus ds lkFk gh iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k dh ?kVUkk dk [kxksy
yidrs vkx ds yky ;k ukjaxh tsV fn[kkbZ nsrs gSa tks ^lkSjTokyk,a* dgykrh
foKku dh n`f"V ls Hkh vR;ar egRo gSA ;g ge tkurs gh gSa fd lw;Z gekjk
gSaA lw;Z vc panzek ds ihNs iwjh rjg fNi tkrk gS vkSj eksfr;k&lQsn jax dk
fudVre rkjk gSA [kxzkl dh ?kVUkk
HkO; fdjhV ^izHkkeaMy* ¼dksjksuk½
ds le; ge lw;Z dk ckjhdh ls
pedus yxrk gSA ;s gh ,slk {k.k
foKku izlkj ,oa vkdk'kok.kh n~okjk 19 Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa ns'k Hkj esa vè;;u dj ldrs gSaA lw;Zxzg.k ls
gksrk gS tks oSKkfudksa dks lw;Z ds
gesa gekjs lw;Z ds leku vU; rkjksa
izHkke.My ds fo"k; esa vf/kd ls 100 ls Hkh vf/kd vdk'kok.kh dsUnzkas n~okjk varjkZ"Vªh; [kxksydh o"kZ ds
ds ok;qeaMy dk v/;;u djus dk
vf/kd tkudkjh ,d=k djus dk miy{; esa izlkfjr fd, tkus okys /kkjkokfgd ßflrkjksa ls vkxsÞ ds
Hkh volj feyrk gSA lw;Z ds
ekSdk nsrk gSA fdjhV ;kuh dksjksuk varxZr tqykbZ ekg esa iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k ls lacfa èkr rhu fof'k"V dfM+;ksa dks
egRoiw.kZ Hkkx fdjhV ¼dksjksuk½ dk
lw;Z dk ckgjh ok;qeaMy gS ftlesa izlkfjr fd;k tk,xkA bu dfM+;ks esa iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k dks jkspd rjhds
lw{e v/;;u Hkh [kxzkl dh ?kVuk
xeZ fojy xSlsa gksrh gaSA ;g yk[kksa ls le>kus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA 54 dfM+;ksa okys bl èkkjkokfgd esa
ds nkSjku fd;k tk ldrk gSA Ýkalhlh
fdyksehVj nwj rd QSyk gksrk gSA izR;sd dM+h ds var esa iwNs tkus okys iz'uksa dk mRrj vkdk'kok.kh dks
[kxksy oSKkfud tkUlsu us ,d
vkerkSj ij bldh ped {kh.k gksrh izfs "kr dj Jksrk èkkjkokfgd esa viuh Hkkxhnkjh ntZ djk ldrs gSAa vki
vfHk;ku ds nkSjku 17 vxLr 1868
gS ftldh rqyuk panzek dh ped ls èkkjkokfgd ds le; vkSj fofHkUu dfM+;ksa ds uke vkfn ds ckjs esa foiusV
dks xqaVwj ¼vkaèkz izns'k½ ds rackdw ds
dh tk ldrh gS blhfy, izdk'k&eaMy ds Qjojh vkSj vizy
S vad dks ns[k ldrs gSAa /kkjkokfgd ds ckjs esa vksj [ksrksa esa lw;Z dh lrg ij ghfy;e
dh rst ped ds dkj.k lk/kkj.kr%
vf/kd tkudkjh vki gesa i=k fy[kdj ;k foKku izlkj dh osclkbV rRo dh [kkst dh FkhA bl izdkj
;g fn[kkbZ ugha nsrkA fdjhV dk
gekjs ns'k esa xqVa wj ds rackdw ds [ksrksa
www.vigyanprasar.in ls Hkh izkIr dj ldrs gSAa
vkdkj X;kjg o"khZ; lkSj&pØ ds
esa lkSj HkkSfrdh dk tUe gqvkA oSls
vuqlkj cnyrk jgrk gS vkSj izR;sd
;g Hkh jkspd ckr gS fd i`Foh ij rks ghfy;e dh [kkst lu~ 1895 esa gqbZA
iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k ds nkSjku bldk vyx rjg dk vkdkj fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA ;g bl
blds vykok 29 ebZ 1919 ds iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k ds nkSjku ,d nwjLFk rkjs ls vkus
ckr ij fuHkZj djrk gS fd lw;Z dyadksa ¼/kCcksa½ dh la[;k vf/kdre gS ;k
okys izdk'k dk lw;Z ds xq#Roh; {ks=k ds dkj.k gq, fopyu ds vkèkkj ij igyh
U;wureA vkSj] tc rd vki ;g le>us dh dksf'k'k djsa fd D;k gqvk]
ckj vkbaLVkbu ds vkisf{kdrk ds O;kid fl)kar dk ijh{k.k fd;k x;kA rks
;gh lc ?kVuk,a fQj foijhr Øe esa ?kVuh 'kq: gks tkrh gSaA
vki le> lers gSa D;ksa egRoiw.kZ gS ;s iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.kA
lw;&Z xzg.k ds nkSjku gksus okyh
?kVuk,a
xzg.k dh vof/k
22 tqykbZ 2009 ds lw;Z&xzg.k ds
iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k ds nkSjku rFkk
nkSjku panzek dh izPNk;k ¼vEczk½ dk
mlds iwoZ vkSj ckn ds dqN
ekxZ Hkkjr esa [kaHkkr dh [kkM+h ls 'kq:
{k.kksa esa izÑfr esa vthcks&xjhc
gksdj usiky] ckaXykns'k] HkwVku] cekZ
?kVuk,a ?kVrh gSAa lw;Z dk izdk'k
vkSj phu ls xqtjsxkA panzek dh
cgqr de gks tkrk gS vkSj
izPNk;k lcls igys Hkkjr ds if'peh
lw;Z xzg.k dks ns[kus ds fy, foKku izlkj }kjk fodflr fd;k x;k lkSyj fQYVj
vkdk'k esa xzg rFkk dqN pednkj
rV ls nwj /kjrh dks lqcg 6-23 cts
rkjs fn[kkbZ nsus yxrs gSa ftUgsa dksjh vka[k ls ns[kk tk ldrk gSA dbZ ikS/ks Li'kZ djsxh ftldh xfr yxHkx 18 fdyksehVj izfr lsdMas gksxhA dqN gh lsdMas ksa
ftuds Qwy vkSj ifÙk;ka jkr esa can gks tkrh gSa] os iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k ds nkSjku ds vanj lwjr ¼xqtjkr½ 'kgj esa 3 feuV 17 lsdsaM rd va/ksjk Nk,xkA ogka
can gksus yxrh gSAa tks ikS/ks jkr esa lqx/a k fc[ksjrs gS]a os iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k ds le; lw;Z iwohZ f{kfrt ij dsoy 3 va'k Åij gksxkA izPNk;k T;ksagh] iwoZ dh vksj
fnu esa lqxa/k fc[ksjus yxrs gSaA iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k ds nkSjku i{kh vleatl esa iM+ vkxs c<+sxh] lw;Z dk mérka'k rsth ls c<+rk tk,xkA xqtjkr dk oMksnjk 'kgj
tkrs gSaA iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k ds ckn eqxkZ ckax Hkh ns ldrk gSA dcwrj vkSj vU; iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k dh mÙkjh lhek ij gksxk vkSj ogka ,d feuV 19 lsdsaM rd
i{kh iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k ls igys vius clsjksa esa ykSVrs ns[ks tk ldrs gSa vkSj mlds vaèksjk Nk,xkA blds ckn xzg.k dh Nk;k bankSj ¼eè; izns'k½ igqapsxh tgka 3
VIPNET NEWS
3
June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6
varjkZ"Vªh; [kxksy foKku o"kZ 2009
feuV 13 lsdsaM rd iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k dk va/ksjk Nk tk,xkA ogka f{kfrt ls lw;Z
dk mérka'k dsoy 6 va'k gksxkA gkykafd Hkksiky dsanzh; js[kk ls 40 fdyksehVj
mÙkj esa fLFkr gS] ysfdu ogka Hkh 3 feuV 12 lsdsaM rd iw.kZ xzg.k dk va/kdkj
cuk jgsxkA okjk.klh vkSj iVuk 'kgj Hkh xzg.k dh Nk;k ds ekxZ esa fLFkr gksxa As
blds ckn xzg.k dh izPNk;k nkthZfyax] flyhxqM+h] xaxVksd] fFkEQw ¼HkwVku½]
fMczwx<+ vkSj bVkuxj ls gksdj xqtjsxhA izPNk;k dks Hkkjr Hkwfe dks ikj djus
esa yxHkx 13 feuV dk le; yxsxkA blds ckn xzg.k dh Nk;k mÙkjh E;kaekj
esa izos'k djsxh vkSj fQj phu o tkiku dh vksj c<+ tk,xhA ,f'k;k egk}hi
dks ikj djus ds ckn xzg.k dh Nk;k tkiku ds j~;wD;w }hiksa ls gksdj xqtjsxh
vkSj nf{k.k&iwoZ dh vksj eqM+ dj iz'kkar egklkxj dh rjQ c<+ tk,xh] tgka
6 feuV 39 lsdsaM dh vf/kdre vof/k rd iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k dk izHkko jgsxkA
ogka izPNk;k dh xfr ?kVdj yxHkx 800 ehVj izfr lsdsaM jg tk,xhA
vxkeh iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k
lwjf{kr :i ls lw;Z xzg.k dks ns[kuk
lw;Z xzg.k dks lqjf{kr ns[kus ds fy, foKku izlkj ds iz;kl
vHkh rd vki le> x, gksxa s fd lw;&Z xzg.k dk utkjk D;ksa jkspd vkSj vn~Hkqr
gksrk gSA ysfdu bl ?kVUkk dks ns[kus ds fy, dqN lkoèkkuh j[kuh pkfg, ugha
rks gekjh vka[kksa dks uqdlku igaqp ldrk gSA iw.kZ lq;Z xzg.k dh ?kVuk dks
lqjf{kr <ax ls ns[kus ds fy, dqN ckrksa dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg,A igyh ckr rks
;g gS fd pkgs xzg.k yxk gks vFkok ugha] lw;Z dks dHkh Hkh dksjh vka[k ls ugha
ns[kuk pkfg,A blls vka[k dh jsfVuk vkSj n`f"V dks LFkkbZ :Ik ls uqdlku gks
ldrk gSA xzg.k dh vkaf'kd voLFkk dks lh/ks ns[kus ds fy, vPNh rjg ij[ks
gq, lqjf{kr lkSj fQYVjksa vFkok oSYMjksa ds xgjs jax ds 14 uacj ds 'kh'ks dk
mi;ksx djuk pkfg,A oSls rks foKku izlkj vius [kxksfydh xfrfof/k fdV esa
vFkok vyx ls Hkh lqjf{kr lkSj fQYVj miyC/k djkrk gSA blds vykok xzg.k
ns[kus ds fy, lw;Z dk izfrfcac fdlh nhokj ;k lQsn dkxt ij NksVs vkdkj
ds VsfyLdksi }kjk izkt
s Ds V djds Hkh ns[kk tk ldrk gSA fdlh Nk;knkj nhokj ij
fiu&gksy }kjk lw;Z dk izfrfcac cukuk xzg.k ns[kus dk lcls lqjf{kr rjhdk gSA
foKku izlkj us 22 tqykbZ 2009 ds iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k dh ?kVuk dks /;ku esa j[krs
gq, ,d jk"Vªh; Lrj ds vfHk;ku dh ;kstuk cukbZ gSA blds varxZr yksdfiz;
iqLrdksa dh Ükà[kyk izdkf'kr dh tk,xh] xzg.k dks fo'ks"k :Ik ls /;ku esa j[krs
gq, ,d xfrfof/k fdV cukbZ tk jgh gS ftlesa lqjf{kr lkSj fQYVj Hkh gksxkA
bl nqyZHk ?kVuk ij vk/kkfjr jsfM;ks rFkk Vsyhfotu dk;ZØe fo'ks"k :Ik ls
rS;kj fd, tk,axsA Vsyhfotu dk;ZØe dk izlkj.k tqykbZ ds izFke lIrkg ls
vkjaHk gksxkA blds lkFk gh ns'k ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa ds izeq[k lalk/ku O;fä;ksa
ds fy, izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe Hkh vk;ksftr fd, tk,axAs vf/kd tkudkjh ds fy,
vki foKku izlkj ls laidZ dj ldrs gSaA
lanHkZ% ,d vuqie [kxksyh; jaxaukV~;] fou;- ch- dkEcys] Mªhe2047] twu
vad 2009
Hkkjr esa 22 tqykbZ 2009 dks iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k lw;ksnZ ; ds lkFk 'kq:
gksxk tc lw;Z dk mérka'k cgqr de gksxk ;kuh f{kfrt ls lw;Z
dh ÅapkbZ dkQh de gksxhA gkykafd ;g ?kVuk rc ?kVsxh tc
nf{k.k&if'pe ekulwu vius pje ij gksxkA ge esa ls vusd yksxksa ds fy,
vius thoudky esa bl vn~Hkqr [kxksyh; ?kVuk dks ns[kus dk ;gh ,d Lof.kZe
volj gksxkA uklk }kjk ckny f?kjus dh laHkkouk ij mixzgksa ls fd, x, iz{s k.k
n'kkZrs gSa fd xzg.k ds ekxZ esa dsoy iVuk ls iwoZ dh vksj ckny f?kjus dh
U;wure vk'kadk gSA blfy, iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k ns[kus dh n`f"V ls ;g ns'k dk
loksÙZ ke {ks=k gks ldrk gSA blds ckn Hkkjr esa vxys iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k dh ?kVuk]
ftldk ekxZ ?kuh vkcknh okys vusd {ks=kksa ls xqtjsxk] lu~ 2114 esa ?kfVr
gksxhA
izLrqfr% ch- ds- R;kxh ,oa uouhr xqIrk
[email protected], [email protected]
What you can do during the Total Solar
! Hari Om Vats
Eclipse on 22 July 2009
[email protected]
(1) This eclipse (specially in the western part of our country)
will take place when the Sun will be at low elevation, so few
minutes before the totality and immediately after the totality
you will be able to see clearly the phenomena of shadow band.
This can recorded by a digital movie camera on a screen ~1x1.5
meter erected perpendicular to line of sight to the Sun. The
screen should be white or light coloured. Though with naked
eye you will be able see shadow band everywhere but recording
will be best on the screen. If you have no movie camera there
are two more possibilities; one can note down exact time when
you start seeing the shadow bands before the totality and also
the time you are not able to see the shadow bands after the
totality. If one is good painter, after seeing the phenomena try
to preserve your painting.
variation of temperature on eclipse day needs to be compared
with the variations on one day before and after the eclipse.
So please note down the temperature on these days (21 and
23 July) as well during the same interval of time. Prepare a
table.
(2) During the eclipse temperature decreases, which can be
measured by a digital or analog thermometer, it is advisable
to note temperature every 10-15 sec around the totality. This
Our final advice is to see this phenomenon with at most
care (use of good filters is a must). Do not let this opportunity
go away, make full use of it.
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(3) Behaviour of animals and birds also differ on the eclipse
day. We can note this change by observing and recording.
This should also be done on a day before and after the eclipse.
(4) During the total solar eclipse one will able to see many
features e.g., diamond ring, Bailey’s beads, corona, solar
flare, coronal mass ejection, prominences etc. There is a
large volume of such recordings in the literature; however,
to observe and record on your own is great achievement.
4
June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6
International Year of Planet Earth 2007 - 2009
Astrology and Astronomy:
From Conjunction to Opposition
! Daniel Kunth
E-mail:[email protected]
As science communicators dealing with astronomy we often find a strong interest amongst the public in astrology
— how the stars and planets directly affect our individual lives. Nowadays astrology is at odds with the scientific
nature of astronomy, but this has not always been the case. Presented here is a background to astrology, to give a
deeper understanding of where it has come from and why it has such an enduring place in all forms of global media.
A
strology has adapted to changes in society throughout
history, and as a result it continues to benefit from a positive
public image. The commercial and social success of astrology,
largely driven by the media, is surprising given the dominance
that science enjoys within our society. Its foundations exploit
the widely held belief that pervasive connections exist between
the macrocosm (the Universe as a whole) and our microcosm
(human society and social relationships). Astrologers aim to
decipher the hidden meaning behind planetary movements and
positions, which they believe correspond to human personality
traits or predict major and minor life events. The lexical
ambiguity, with which these predictions are made, however,
produces results that can be neither proven nor disproven.
Without an objective method by which a predicted result
can be tested, astrology cannot be considered a science.
Astrological analysis, while sometimes quite sophisticated, does
not utilise any traditional scientific methodology. Astrology even
skips the necessary confrontation between hypothesis and proof,
the opposite of a rigorous scientific approach. Astronomers oppose
not only the astrological assertion that cosmological positioning
can directly impact a person’s destiny, but also astrology’s
ignorance of the physical reality, richness and variety of stars
and planets.
Moreover, no serious statistical study has been able to
establish the reliability of astrological predictions. In modern
times, most of its adherents opt for a psychological interpretation
of astrology in which the stars have set forth the keys to our
destiny, personality and predilections at the very time of our
birth. The foundation of a belief in astrology is based upon a
deterministic approach and constitutes a psychological alienation
that can easily be over-exploited by those interested in financial
gain.
Throughout our own civilisation, astrology has had both
fervent and casual believers within nearly all social classes or
cultures. From ancient times to the present, humans have been
challenged to predict and prepare for life events from the joyous
to the catastrophic. Faced by disorder on Earth, astrology
proposes that an ordered and readable structure exists in the
firmament that is intricately involved with the saga of human
life. However, this belief does not at all constitute a cosmic
VIPNET NEWS
5
science because neither the tools of the astrologer nor their
subjective analysis allows the astrologer to deduce facts or test a
theory. Is astrology therefore more of a social science? That is to
say a mode of knowledge in competition with scientific cosmology?
Some astrologers, discontented by their relegation to the
margins of official sciences, request academic recognition that
would allow the public financing of astrological research and
strengthen the scientific and academic standing of astrology and
its followers. The utilisation of computers, statistics and
ephemerides of great precision suggests an increasingly scientific
practice. However, an overwhelming majority of scientists
completely reject the scientific relevance of astrology and remain
critical of new superficial uses of technology.
Astrologists have been at the centre of an explosion in both
traditional print and electronic media that has bombarded readers
with intense (and intensely lucrative) commercialisation of
astrology. Astrology in the print media is especially common –
today, from the tabloid to the weekly, many newspapers offer an
astrology column. Some people read their horoscope as if it were
fiction; others rely on it for predictions and advice that will help
them manage their personal or professional lives or perhaps how
and when to plan a holiday. If so much money is devoted to
astrology, perhaps it is because it fulfils an essential need that
neither science, nor psychology, nor religion takes into
consideration.
Symbolism in astrology
One of astrology’s great forces of persuasion lies in its symbolic
perception of the world. This symbolism follows, more or less,
from observations made since antiquity regarding the lustre or
colour of astronomical bodies, the apparent vagaries of planetary
movement as well as solar or lunar proximity. These symbols do
not have a universal value: each culture elaborates its own.
Most people know their zodiac sign: to be a Cancer sign
signifies that at that individual’s birth, the Sun (when projected
on the sky) was in the position corresponding to the sign of Cancer.
In order to be more focused on the individual or to help account
for evident differences between those with the same sign, the
sign is countered or nuanced by other personalised elements, such
as the ascendant sign that rises in the east at the precise moment
of birth or the position of the principal planets in the birth chart.
June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6
International Year of Astronomy 2009
Astrologers are equally interested in planetary transits, when
planets pass certain significant points in the birth chart. They
consider them to be triggers of events or decisions (marriages,
divorces, births…) already predicted within the chart at the time
of birth. Transits occupy a key position in astrology because it is
considered possible to predict by calculation the principal
transitions of a life. Horoscopes often make use of this technique in
order to determine the charted angles of a planet with respect to a
sign. For example, a person born under the sign of Virgo might
have the planet Mars charted in close proximity to their sign; the
astrological characterisation of Mars as the planet of war could be
interpreted as an indication of impending conflict.
A brief return to the past
Historically, astrology and astronomy were not considered entirely
separate fields; much of an astrologer’s time was spent working on
star charts or taking meticulous measurements. Observations
repeated thousands of times allowed the prediction of certain
celestial events and, as a result, terrestrial events (the Egyptian
calendars were inextricably linked to the life of the Nile).
Proceeding from the correlation between celestial and terrestrial
events, a control of the latter by the former was imagined. The
planets or “wandering stars” were perceived as a coded
communication from the deities; hence observation of tiny planetary
movements was a way of interpreting the will of the Gods. The
Greeks, then the Romans, were convinced of the divine nature of
this kind of astrology, also known as Chaldean, deriving from its
ancient Sumerian origins. In ancient Greece, the regularity and
often predictable nature of celestial events gave birth to a
mathematical mysticism, a singular marriage between mathematics
and divination, which western astrology has drawn upon, allowing
it to endure to this day. Modern astrology has broken with the
concept of gods, but has conserved the belief that a universal will
can be perceived through careful evaluation of planetary
movements. With the evolution of both knowledge and scientific
tools, the gap has widened between the premises of astrology and
those of science.
Historically astronomers renounced unproven principles
regarding the influence and con-nection between planetary
configurations and terrestrial events. These became sources of
disagreement and eventually rupture between astronomy and
astrology. Astronomy attempts to explain the cosmos; scientists
are objective observers. The astronomer builds upon or rejects a
theory based on available evidence, while an astrologer’s work is
controlled by a doctrine of predetermination.
During this transition, astrologers were confronted by shakeups they had not foreseen: the Earth was no longer at the centre of
the system, the separation between the sublunar and supralunar
worlds was no longer justified and distances exploded. According
to the philosopher Alexandre Koyré, our human world, once at the
centre of every-thing was transformed into a tiny player in an
infinite Universe.
Astrology face to face with science
So now we have one cosmos to investigate, studied by two wholly
VIPNET NEWS
different schools of analysis. Many astrologers
describe themselves as scientists and insist upon
the existence of genuine celestial influences on the
individual. They hope to demonstrate its
authenticity by using statistical studies that are
often ill-conceived and badly executed (Fraknoi, 1989).
In borrowing astronomy’s methods of calculation (the
ephemerides of astrologers are scientific tables graciously made
available to the public by astronomers), this type of astrology
recovers a kind of scientific legitimacy that plays a role in its
durability. The confusion of genres and the questions of the public
are relayed by media debates where astronomers and astrologers
confront one another. The most critical arguments of astronomers
regarding astrology focus on the misunderstanding of the physical
reality of the Universe and its richness. What is the point of
invoking the sky and its planets if they are not taken into account
for themselves that is, if the sky is without object?
In essence, the symbolic language of astrology possesses some
limits that keep it at a distance from the realities of the physical
world. Taking the example of the planet Mars: for the astrologer,
the colour red evokes flowing blood, therefore war, and with it,
death; for the scientist, the colour red can have multiple causal
reasons, which can only be determined by experiment. The first
space missions to Mars attested to the presence of iron on the
surface of this planet, the colour red was partly due to the
oxidation of iron. Oxidation, however, required the presence of
oxygen, most notably in the form of water. Water is considered
synonymous with life on Earth so the question was then posed
about the existence of life on Mars. Did life exist in the past?
Such a hypothesis will be explored during future missions to the
red planet. Mars-red-war-blood and death, the symbolic chain
that functions on analogy has made room for Mars-red-iron-water
and life, which comes from strict ties with causality.
Mars, a simple mass of red stone covered with iron oxide,
continues to be assigned the virtues of the god of war. We see
how a relevant observation that of colour can provoke a simple
and elementary symbolic interpretation. However, once the nature
of the planet is known and causal relationships revealed, that
this associative game could endure after having lost all real
significance does not cease to astonish.
It is certainly not necessary to understand the nature of a
phenomenon in order to establish its existence, but the first
question, beyond all polemic, is to know if astrological influence
is attested to by the facts.
Alas, astrologers hardly worry about submitting their
hypotheses to a definitive test of refutation. The exception is the
psychological test conducted by Carlson and published in the
1985 review in Nature, which tested the precepts and foundations
of astrology. They effectively debunked all tested astrological
principles.
Astrological predictions of catastrophic events rarely specify
the size of disasters, location or precise date of occurrence; because
6
June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6
International Year of Astronomy 2009
of this they can almost never be contradicted or disproven. Even
so, at the beginning of each year we see in the media a wave of
predictions that are rarely verified a fact the public does not seem
eager to take into account. A renowned astrologer once predicted
a major catastrophe because the August 1999 solar eclipse
coincided with the Earth flyby of the Cassini probe. A petition was
immediately sent to NASA demanding that they modify the date
of the mission!
Despite an abundance of evidence that astrology is essentially
a non-science, the academic platform of astrology does offer a
certain psychological depth. Predictions can be so ambivalent that
there are an almost unlimited number of interpretations on any
given subject. Scientists regard such profu-sion as redundant,
manifesting when the number of possibilities exceeds the number
of unknowns. The astrological lexicon, with numerous possible
meanings, allows those who use it a good deal of latitude.
Science is at the same time knowledge, method and proof. It
tries to transcend cultures and national affiliations and evolves
without demanding any psychic belief as a prerequisite for
exploring the nature of the world. On the other hand, the term
astrology should merit the plural form; so diverse are its schools.
Different and numerous disciplines of astrology often contradict
or ignore each other without consensus or even the need for
consensus.
The infatuation of the public for astrology moves more and
more towards a psychology aimed at liberating the potentialities
of individuals. During a session, an astrologer works in the field of
affectivity, not rationality. The client finds himself in the position
of expectant believer, a mechanism by which he hears only what
he wants to hear, and discounts or ignores what does not fit in with
his expectations.
Astrology remains at its heart the art of predicting the future,
a future written according to the tendencies acquired at birth by
the influence of the stars. However, this deprivation of free will
engenders alienation and a strong risk of psychological
manipulation (it is not uncommon to meet people who consult
their astrologer before making any decisions). The determinist
nature of astrology leads to the irreducible paradox in which the
astrologers work as so-called psychologists. The free will that the
psychological astrologer advocates finds it self confronted by the
determinism of predictive astrology. How can this personal
autonomy be reconciled with the blows of fate or of bad luck that
Jupiter or Saturn provokes in passing by the birth sign? The client
waits for the answer to be revealed to him. Astrological analysis, in
the great majority of cases, is performed for pecuniary gain, which
is why an astrologer formulates broad assertions, the opposite of
generally prudent interpretations offered by psychotherapists.
The influence of the astrologer is not found solely in the private
sphere. It has penetrated the field of politics and civil society.
Certain businesses use astrology for recruitment. Astrology is
judged sometimes to be more suitable to evaluate potential
candidates than their CVs and motivation! A financial astrology,
VIPNET NEWS
7
based on the apparent movement of Uranus has been
all the rage, even on Wall Street and astrology has
even been used in fee calculation for certain insurance
companies! In fact, for almost any human activity or
phenomena to which a great deal of uncertainty is
attached, you will find astrologers eager to impart a sense of cos-mic
order and to be paid for securing that peace of mind.
Astrological belief is not the sole privilege of those who have
access to thorough instruction but thrives in a sort of in-between
state (Boy & Michelat, 1986). Statistically, a belief in astrology
increases with a declared interest in science, peaking among the
salaried middle class holding an intermediate-level degree, then
lessens among those with a postgraduate education (notably among
scientists). The sociologist Theodor Adorno (1994) pointed out
that belief in astrology is characterised by a state-of-being that
he called semi-erudition. The semi-erudite would borrow some
non-scientific shortcuts to find answers to ques-tions regarding
their future as a result of an unsuccessful conversion to the system
of scientific thought.
The nature of astrology
Astrology is not monolithic, but finds an anchor in a current of
common thought linked to tradition. It weaves social connections
and allows a group of people to identify themselves with a cultural
community.
We can characterise two classes of astrologers. Those who
call themselves astrological scientists work under the premise that
they live in a world of physical causal influence between people
and the cosmos. Such astrology utilises a sort of patchwork
scientific analysis, which moulds concepts pulled from other
scientific fields to suit the astrological framework. More traditional
astrologers consider the sky to be a symbolic template, and willingly
use some mythical tales to expand their interpretations rather
than expounding on a physical cause and effect methodology.
Astrology can equally be perceived as a language that presents
words with the use of a specific vocabulary and grammatical
technique. The scientific refutations presented by astronomers only
fleetingly embarrass these astrologers for whom the object of
astrology is not a study of the cosmos but of man, at the same time
subject and object.
Fundamentally, the differences are glaring. The astrologer
scientist makes his art mathematical. The astrologer metaphysician
attaches no importance to a so-called scientific astrology. There is
an in-between kind of astrologer, probably the most widespread,
for whom the practice comes as close as possible to penetrating
intuition, of psychol-ogy and clever deductions. It is believed that
the cosmos imprints upon the individual at the moment of birth
and that the future of the individual is coded within that specific
and unique formation. For this community, the astrologer is simply
the interpreter who analyses the characteristics of the birth chart.
Such astrological discourse is extremely malleable, which explains
its capacity to adapt to cultural norms of modern or post-modern
contd on page 11...
June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6
varjkZ"Vªh; i`Foh xzg o"kZ 2007&2009
,d
o`{k dk
taxy
ch- ds- R;kxh ,oa uouhr xqIrk
[email protected],
[email protected]
izSy 19&20] 2008 dks foiusV Dycksa ds fy, laxeusj dkWyst esa esa <+sjkas tkudkfj;ka feyhA osnkUr ds nknk] tks vHkh fiefxjh esa gh jgrs gaS mUgkasus
,d dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k FkkA laxeusj] egkjk"Vª esa geas dbZ tkudkfj;ka nhA osnkUr ds nknk vkSj xkao ds yksxksa ls feyh tkudkjh
iwuk ls ukfld dh rjQ yxHkx 140 fdyksehVj nwj fLFkr dks bl ys[k ds ek/;e ls foiusV ds ikBdksa rd igaqpkus dk iz;kl fd;k
tk jgk gSA
vgenuxj ftys dh rglhy gSA
foiusV ds ;gk¡ yxHkx 50 Dyc
fiefxjh xkao dh dqy nsoh ^izes knsoh*
LFkkfir fd, x, gSaA ;gk¡ ds dbZ
gSA f'kokth ds tUe ds igys thtkckbZ
Ldwy o dkWyst ds v/;kid fiNys
Hkh bl xkao esa dqN fnu jgh FkhA ckthjko
15 o"kks± ls cky foKku dkaxzsl ls Hkh
eLrkuh dk bfrgkl Hkh bl xkao ls tqM+k
tqM+s gq, gaSA dk;Z'kkyk esa ,d cky
gSA ;gka mlds fdys ds vo'ks"k vkt Hkh
oSKkfud ^osnkUr* Hkh Fkk tks fiNys
fo|eku gSAa c<+ ds o`{k ls tqMh+ dgkuh o
rhu o"kks± ls foKku yksdfiz;dj.k
bfrgkl Hkh de jkspd ugha gSA bl o`{k
laca/kh xfrfof/k;ksa ls tqM+k gqvk gSA
dk ftØ 19oha 'krkCnh ds ,d fczfV'k
osnkUr us crk;k fd laxeusj ls dqN
xtV essa Hkh gSA ,slk dgk tkrk gS fd ;g
gh nwjh ij yxHkx 20 fdyksehVj ij
o`{k ,d HkkbZ vkSj cgu ds vkilh Lusg
mldk xkao gS vkSj ogka ij ,d cgqr
o cfynku dh ;kn esa yxk;k x;k FkkA
iqjkuk c<+ dk o`{k gS tks yxHkx nks
fiefxjh ds vkl ikl ds taxyksa esa phrs
,dM+ esa QSyk gqvk gSA mlds vuqlkj
Hkh ik, tkrs gSa xkao okyksa ds vuqlkj
,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd dksydrk ds
c<+ o`{k ds ?kus LraHk ewy
phrs ;gka vkt Hkh fn[kkbZ ns tkrs gSaA
^oksVfs ud xkMZu* ds ckn Hkkjr esa ;gh
,d ckj ,d HkkbZ vkSj cgu taxy ls xqtj jgs Fks rks phrs us HkkbZ ij vkØe.k
lcls cM+k c<+ dk thfor o`{k gS tks vc Hkh gjk&Hkjk vkSj [kwc Qy&Qwy
jgk gSA osUnkr dh ckras lqu dj mlds xkao o c<+ ds o`{k dks ns[kuas dh dj fn;kA HkkbZ dks cpkus ds fy, cgu us Hkh phrs ij izgkj fd;kA exj nksukas
mRlqdrk dks eSa nck ugh ik;k vkSj py fn;k osnkUr ds lkFk mlds xkaoA phrs ds lkeus 'kk;n detksj iM+ x, vkSj phrs us nksukas dks ekj fn;kA mUgha dh
xkao ds jkLrs esa dbZ yksx feys vkSj muls ml xkao vkSj ml o`{k ds ckjs ;kn esa yxHkx 200 o"kZ igys bl c<+ ds o`{k dks yxk;k x;k FkkA
v
VIPNET NEWS
8
June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6
varjkZ"Vªh; i`Foh xzg o"kZ 2007&2009
vkt ;g o`{k ,d o`{k u gksdj Lo;a vius vki esa ,d iw.kZ taxy gSA u x;k rks fiefxjh ds bfrgkl dk ;g xokg vkSj ,d izkÑfrd
o`{k ds eq[; rus ds vykok lSdM+ksa vU; rus bl o`{k dks Fkkes gq, gSaA vkSj bl /kjksgj dqN gh fnuksa esa lekIr gks tk,xhA
o`{k ds uhps [kM+s gksus ij ;g vglkl gksrk gS fd vki ,d taxy esa [kM+s gSA
xkao ds dqN LFkkuh; ;qodksa us bl o`{k dks cpkus dh dksf'k'k
ij ;g taxy gS ,d o`{k dk ghA vkt ;g o`{k 2 ,dM+ ls T;knk {ks=k esa QSy vkjEHk dj xkao ds yksxksa ds bl izkÑfrd /kjksgj ds izfr tkx:d
,d o`{k dk taxy ¼fofHkUUk fn'kkvksa ls fy, x, fp=k½
pqdk gSA xkao okyks dh ekU;rk gS fd bl o`{k dk ,d iÙkk ;k Vguh rksM+us djus dk vfHk;ku pyk;k gS ftlesa dqN LFkkuh; lapkj laLFkk,a Hkh viuh Hkwfedk
ls ml euq"; ;k mlds ifjokj dk vfu"V gks tkrk gSA blh /kkj.kk ls vkt fuHkk jgh gSA gekjh rjQ ls bu lHkh ;qokvksa dks 'kqHkdkeuk,aA
;gka bl o`{k dk lja{k.k gks jgk gS xkao okyksa ds fy, vkt ;g o`{k ,d ifo=k
vxj vki ds {ks=k esa Hkh dqN ,sfrgkfld o izkÑfrd /kjksgj gS rks mlds
LFkku gSA dbZ yksx ;gka iwtk vpZuk djus Hkh vkrs gaSA o`{k ds eq[; rus ds lkFk
ckjs esa gesa rqjUr fy[k Hksft, ^foiusV U;wt+* esa mls vo'; LFkku fn;k tk,xkA
gh dbZ nsoh&nsorkvksa dh ewfrZ;ka LFkkfir dj nh xbZ gSaA ;g o`{k vkt ;gka ds
!
xkaookfl;ksa ds fy, ,d èkkfeZd LFky gSA
Astronomy Puzzle -4
ijUrq vkt ;g o`{k Hkh cnyrh lksp o euq"; ds ykyp dh ekj >sy jgk
gSA LFkkuh; yksx vc bl {ks=k esa uxnh Qlysa (Cash crop) yxkus yxs gaAS vr%
o`{k ds Åij QSys rukas ls fudyh tM+s tSls gh lkFk ds [ksrksa esa igqaprh gS rks
rqjar bu tM+ksa dks ;k rks dkV fn;k tkrk gS ;k tyk fn;k tkrk gSA bl dkj.k
vc bl o`{k dk izlkj ;kfu QSyko u ds cjkcj gh gks jgk gSA nwljs] o`{k ls
dqN gh nwjh ij ,d NksVk cka/k cuk;k x;k gS vkSj cka/k ds ikuh dk cgko o`{k
dh tM+kas ls gksdj xqtjrk gSA ifj.kkeLo:i feV~Vh dk dVko gksrk gSA vkt o`{k
dh tM+as ckgj fudy vkbZ gaS vkSj bldk cgqr gh udkjkRed izHkko o`{k dh o`f)
ij iM+ jgk gSA fdrus gh rus feV~Vh ds dVko ds dkj.k /kkjk'kkgh gks x, gaS ns[kus
ls gh ,slk vuqeku yxk;k tk ldrk gSA vxj cka/k ds ikuh dk jkLrk cny
VIPNET NEWS
Name of the winners:
1. Mandeep Singh, Bruno
Science Club, Khamano,
Punjab
2. Doli Bhatia, Mumbai,
Maharashtra
Congratulations! Winner
will
received
an
Astronomy Kit.
9
June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6
International Year of Astronomy 2009
ASTRONOMY PUZZLE 6
fp= igsyh& 39/Photo Quiz - 39
Answers of puzzle are hidden in the box. The answers are either
vertical, horizontal, diagonal or in reverse order.
"
Sample answer is shown in the puzzle.
"
Last date of receiving correct entries: August 15, 2009.
"
Winners will get an Astronomy activity kit as a prize. Please
send your entries to:Astronomy Puzzle-6, VIPNET News, Vigyan Prasar,
A-50, Sector 62, Noida-201 307
"
" fp=k dks igpkfu,\
" Identify the picture ?
mÙkj izkIr djus dh vafre frfFk% 15 vxLr] 2009
MªkW }kjk p;fur fotsrkvksa dks iqjLdkj Lo:i foKku izlkj ds
izdk'ku Hksts tk,¡xsA vius tokc bl irs ij Hkstsa%&
Clues
1. An event that occurs when one object is hidden by another
foiusV fp=k igsyh & 39] foKku izlkj] ,&50] lsDVj 62] uks,Mk
object that passes between it and the observer.
2. An event that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun
and the Earth so that the Sun is wholly or partially obscured.
3. An event in which Moon covers all the Sun but a bright ring
around the circumference can be seen..
4. An event that occurs when the Earth passes between the Sun
and the Moon so that the Moon is wholly or partially obscured
sometimes giving orange colour to the moon.
5. The position of two celestial bodies on the celestial sphere when
they have the same celestial longitude.
6. A configuration in which Earth lies on a straight line between
the sun and a superior planet.
7. The second of two full moons occurring in the same month.
8. Either of two points on the celestial sphere at which the ecliptic
intersects the celestial equator.
9. The angular distance between two celestial bodies as seen from
Earth.
10. The passage of a smaller celestial body or its shadow across the
disk of a larger celestial body.
11. The point nearest the sun in the orbit of a planet or other
celestial body.
! Dr. Arvind C. Ranade
[email protected]
VIPNET NEWS
10
VIPNET Photo Quiz - 39, VIGYAN PRASAR, A-50, Sec. 62,
Noida
Correct Answer of Photo Quiz 37
Edwin Powell Hubble, was born in the small town of Marshfield,
Missouri, USA, on November 29th, 1889. In 1898, His family
moved to Chicago, where he attended high school. Young Edwin
Hubble had been fascinated by science and mysterious new worlds
from an early age. He profoundly changed our understanding of
the universe by demonstrating the existence of other galaxies
besides our Milky Way. He discovered the red-shift in light
coming from a galaxy in proportion to the distance. This became
known as Hubble’s law, and would help establish that the universe
is expanding.
Name of the winner: Varsha Wadhwani, Dhamtari, Cattisgarh,
2. Saroj Ranjan, Brahma, Deogarh, Orissa
If you want to know more about Vigyan Prasar, its publications & software,
besides the next moves of VIPNET Science Clubs, please write to us at
the address given below:Vigyan Prasar
A-50, Institutional Area, Sector 62,
Noida (U.P.) 201 307
Regd.Office : Technology Bhawan,
New Delhi -110 016
Phone
: 0120 240 4430, 240 4435
Fax
: 0120 240 4437
Email
: [email protected]
Website
: http://www.vigyanprasar.gov.in
June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6
Astronomy Activity Cornner
Contd... from page 7
Composition of different
colors in the Sunlight
Objective: Understanding how many colors sunlight have.
Material required: prism, pen and notebook.
Procedure:
1.
Arrange comparatively darker room.
2.
Allow very small sunlight to pass in the room; may be
through hole.
3.
Put the prism across the sunlight.
4.
Now look at the darker region of room.
5.
You will see the different colors of sunlight.
6.
Note down the colors that you have seen.
Explanation:
The observed sun light always look yellowish in color that is
because sun emits maximum light in yellow wavelength/
frequency such light is called as white light. But actually white
light is not a single wavelength/frequency in nature, it is a
combination of all seven colors viz. red, orange, yellow, green,
blue, indigo and violet
As shown in figure
Some astrologers may be skilled at fitting astrological omens
and portents within our perceptions of reality, but the premises and
methods of astrology differ fundamentally from those of science or
even social science and carry no scientific validity.
References
• Adorno T. W. 1994, The Stars Down to Earth and Other Essays on the
Irrational in Culture, (London: Routledge) • Caudron D. et al. 1996, The
Mars Effect, (London: Prometheus Books) • Boy D. & Michelat G.
1986, Croyances aux parasciences: dimensions sociales et cul-turelles, Revue
Française de Sociologie, 43-1, 35-45 • Carlson, S. 1985, A double
blind test of astrology, Nature, 318, 419-425 • Fraknoi, A. 1989, Your
astrology defense kit, Sky & Telescope, 146-150• Kunth D. & Zarka
P. 2005, Astrologie, Que Sais-je no 2481, (Paris: Eds. Presses
Universitaire de France) • Peretti-Watel P. 2002, Sous les étoiles,
rien de nouveau?, Revue Francaise de Sociologie 43-1, 3-33
Notes
Translation from French by Emma-Kate Symons (journalist).
English editing by Brooke Sing (writing editor) and the CAPjournal
editorial team.
*Daniel Kunth is an astrophysicist, a specialist on extragalactic
astronomy, mainly in the study of the evolution and formation of
galaxies. He dedicates a significant fraction of his time to develop
media outreach, give talks and write articles, in particular on the
relation between astronomy and astrology.
Source: CAP Journal Jan, 2009
!
To conform this, one has to perform above experiment.
One can also see the different colours of light on a Compact
Disk used in computers made out of very tiny magnetic strips/
grooves whose size is in micron. When sunlight falls on the CD
or on this strips/grooves sunlight is get diffracted in different
wavelength/frequency and hence we see the different
wavelength lights as different colors. Please remember CD can
not be prism which can give large angle diffraction.
Observations:
1.
Ans:
Write the colors that you have seen.
2.
Ans:
Write the colors in a sequence; as they appeared.
! Dr. Arvind C. Ranade
[email protected]
foiusV iz'ukoyh 156 ds mÙkj ,oa fotsrkvksa ds uke foiusV U;wt+ ds
vxys vad esa izdkf'kr fd, tk,axs
&laiknd
VIPNET NEWS
societies. This is again due to the rich and symbolic
lexicon of astrology; a birth chart can be interpreted in
so many ways as to make impartial and unequivocal
analysis impossible. Astrology seduces timelessly, not
because it carries the scientific weight of fact or provable
hypothesis, but because it places the appearance of order upon an
unknowable future. The unbridled commercial exploitation of those
seeking answers by those adept at the manipulation of a complex
lexicon and a societal need for stability can only be condemned.
11
VIPNET Questionnaire 160
foiusV iz'ukoyh 160
Question 1: What is the Maximum and minimum breath
of belt of totality during the eclipse and why?
iz'u 1% lw;Z xzg.k ds le; iw.kZ xzg.k iV~Vh dh pkSM+kbZ vf/kdre rFkk
U;wure fdruh gks ldrh gS rFkk D;ksa\
Question 2 : why we do not have solar eclipse on every
new moon day ?
iz'u 2% gj vekoL;k dks lw;Z xzg.k D;ksa ugh gksrk gS\
mÙkj izkIr djus dh vafre frfFk%& 15 vxLr] 2009
MªkW ds }kjk rhu fotsrkvksa dk p;u gksxk vkSj mUgsa iqjLdkj
Lo:i foKku izlkj dh iqLrdsa Hksth tk,¡xhA vki vius mÙkj fgUnh ;k
vaxt
sz h esa bl irs ij Hkst ldrs gaS %&
foiusV iz'ukoyh &160] foKku izlkj] ,&50] lsDVj 62] uks,Mk
VIPNET Questionnaire -160, VIGYAN PRASAR, A-50, Sector 62, Noida
June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6
foKku lqf[kZ;ka
ân; jksfx;ksa ds mipkj esa lqij IykfLVd dk
mi;ksx
tfVy ls tfVy ân; jksfx;ks ds mipkj esa lqij IykfLVd dk
iz;ksx ,d mEEkhn ysdj vk;k gSA bl lqij IykfLVd dk mi;ksx
gkVZ vVSd ds ejhtksa ds 'kjhj esa yxs fpfdRldh; midj.k esa
yxkdj ejhtksa dk bykt fd;k tkrk gSA bl IykfLVd dk
fuekZ.k uklk ds oSKkfudksa us varfj{k esa fd, tkus okys vuqla/
kkuksa ds fy, fd;k FkkA ysfdu Hkkjr esa izFke ckj bldk mi;ksx
fny ds ejhtksa ds mipkj esa fd;k x;kA lqij IykfLVd ,d
lq{e vkdkj dk midj.k gS ftls uklk ds oSKkfudksa us bUlqy's ku
eSVsfj;y ls cuk;k gSA bl midj.k dks ân; ds ladqpu ls
mRiUUk leL;k gksus ij ân; ds ladqfpr Hkkx dks FkksM+k lk
nckdj yxk fn;k tkrk gSA ;g midj.k bysfDVªd iYl NksM+rk
gS tks irys rkjksa ds ek/;e ls ân; ds ck,a vkSj nk,a Hkkx esa
igaqp tkrk gSA bl izdkj ân; dh ekalsisf'k;ksa dks i;kZIr ÅtkZ
fey tkrh gS vkSj og igys dh rjg dk;Z djus yxrk gSA fny
dk og jksxh ftls cgqr lkjs ysM ¼[kkl rjg dh ok;j½
izR;kjksfir djus dh t:jr gks mlds fy, ;g cgqr ennxkj
lkfcr gks ldrk gSA bl rjg ds irys ysM dks flQZ gYdk lk
Nsn djds izR;kjksfir fd;k tk ldrk gS bl iz;ksx ls ltZjh dh
dk;Z{kerk esa Hkh dkQh btkQk gqvk gSA
SAFETY
INSTRUCTIONS
Please listen carefully
the
safety
instructions given by
the cabin crew.
Don’t adjust your seat
while lunch or dinner
is being served. If
you do so please
inform the person on
your back.
“Oh! Relaxed! Yes! Was telling you that according to Newton’s
law, a thing will remain stationary until and unless some
external force is applied.
Scientoon by: Pradeep K. Srivastava, [email protected]
How far can you see on a
clear day?
oSdfYid
rdZ
dkWfLed fdj.kksa dks irk yxkus ds fy, NksMk x;k
fo'kky cSywu
LohMu ds oSKkfudksa us dkWfLed fdj.kksa ds ckjs esa foLr`r tkudkjh
gkfly djus ds fy, varfj{k dh lrg ij ,d nSR;kdkj cSywu
NksM+k gSA 396 QqV yacs vkSj 459 QqV pkSM+s bl cSywu dk Msykokjs
fo'ofo|ky; ds Nk=kksa us cuk;k gSA bl fo'kkydk; cSyuw ds mM+us
dh xfr 40 ukWfVdy gS vkSj bldk ,YVhV~;wM yxHkx 27 ehy
gSA dkWfLed fdj.kksa esa vfr mPPk ÅtkZ iSnk djus okys bysDVªkWu
vkSj izksVªkWu gksrs gSA tSls gh ;g gekjs okrkoj.k esa izos'k djrk
gS bldk dsUnz dk Hkkj cgqr T;knk gks tkrk gS T;knkrj dkWfLed
fdj.ksa vkdk'kxaxk esa lqijuksok foLQksV ds le; vkrh gSA buls
fudyus okys jsfM,'ku dbZ rjg dh fcekfj;ksa dk dkj.k gaSA
oSKkfudksa }kjk NksMs+ x, bl cSyuw esa nks rjg dss ghfy;e dk iz;ksx
fd;k x;k gSA
93 Million
miles...From here to
the Sun
xksyw dh lksp
Nk;k dk D;k jax gS\
^Nk;k* fdl jax dh gksrh gS\ dkyh] xzs ¼/kwlj½] Hkwjh ;k vU; fdlh
jax dh\ bl iz'u dk tokc ;fn iwNk tk, rks gj O;fDr dk mÙkj
vyx&vyx gksxkA gky essa gh DohUlysM ;wfuoflZVh vkWQ VsDuksykWth esa
dk;Zjr izks- LVhQu MCyw- g;wtl us vius iz;ksx es ek/;e ls izLrqr fd;k
fd lkekU;r% Nk;k dk jax lkQ vkdk'k esa gYdk uhyk gksrk gSA
bl iz;ksx dks djus ds fy, iw.kZ lw;Z izdk'k esa] lQsn jax ds ,&4 lkbt
isij dk QksVks] fMthVy dSejs dh enn ls fy;k x;kA fQj Nk;k QksVks lkQ
fp=kadu% ekulh esokM+h
vkdk'k esa fy;k x;kA bu QksVksxkz Dl dk fo'ys"k.k ^best ts* lk¶Vos;j ds ekè;e
ls djus ij irk pyk fd iw.kZ lw;Z izdk'k esa ,oa Nk;k esa yky] gjs vkSj uhys izdk'k
dk vkSlru fiDly 0-3] 0-32] 0-38 vkSj 0-2] 0-3] 0-5 vk;kA ftuls ;g Kkr
gks ldk fd lkQ vkdk'k esa Nk;k dk jax gYdk uhyk gksrk gSA
izLrqfr% dfiy f=ikBh
[email protected]
Published and Printed by Mrs. K. Dasgupta Misra on behalf of
Vigyan Prasar, C-24, Qutab Institutional Area, New Delhi-110 016
Printed at Multi Colour Services, 92a, DSIDC Shed, Okhla
Industrial Area, Phase-I, New Delhi - 110 020
VIPNET NEWS
12
Editor
: B. K. Tyagi
Associate Editor : Nimish Kapoor
Contributors
: Kapil Tripathi, Dr. Arvind C. Ranade,
Navneet Gupta
Layout & design : Suman Pal
June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6