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DELENG/2002/8668 VIPNET NEWS A monthly newsletter of Vigyan Prasar Network of Science Clubs - VIPNET JUNE 2009 VOL. 7 NO. 6 PRICE: Rs. 2.00 [kxzkl&,d vuqie [kxksyh; ?kVuk lk fFk;ks]a foiusV ds fiNys vadksa esa vki varjkZ"Vªh; [kxksy o"kZ&2009 ,oa lw;Z xzg.k ;kuh [kxzkl ls lacfa èkr fofHkUu ys[k i<+rs vk, gSAa blh Øe esa foiusV ds bl vad esa vki bl o"kZ 22 tqykbZ dks ?kfVr gksus okyh vuks[kh ,oa jksekapdkjh [kxksyh; ?kVuk ds ckjs esa tkusxa As Inside fo'ks"k ys[k [kxzkl&,d vuqie [kxksyh; ?kVuk Astrology and Astronomy: From Conjunction to Opposition ,d o`{k dk taxy Astronomy Puzzle Photo Quiz Astronomy Activity Cornner: Composition of different colors in the Sunlight VIPNET Questionnaire lkbUVwu xksyw dh lksp foKku lqf[kZ;ka ge foiusV esa iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k dks lqjf{kr <ax ls ns[kus ds lac/a k esa Hkh tkudkfj;ka nsrs jgs gSAa gesa mEehn gS fd vki dks foKku izlkj }kjk fodflr dh xbZ [kxksfydh fdV Hkh feyh gksxh mlesa ,d lksyj fQYVj Hkh gS ftlls vki iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k dh ifj?kVuk dks ns[kus dk vkuan ys ldsxa As lkSyj fQYVj vki foKku izlkj ls vyx ls Hkh izkIr dj ldrs gSa ftldh dher yxHkx nl&iUnzg :i, rd gksxhA [kxzkl ?kVUkk ds ckjs esa tkx:drk iSnk djus ,oa bl ?kVuk dks fugkjus ds fy, foKku izlkj }kjk eè;izn's k ds lhèkh 'kgj esa 21 ls 22 tqykbZ ds nkSjku jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izk|S ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn ds lkFk la;qDr :i ls ,d dSEi dk vk;kstu fd;k tk,xkA lh/kh esa bl dSEi dh estckuh lkbal lsVa j] Xokfy;j] }kjk dh tk,xhA bl dSEi esa izR;sd jkT; ls dqN pqus gq, foiusV Dyc Hkh 'kkfey gks ldsxa As bl dSEi ds ckjs esa ge vius fiNys nks vadksa esa foLrkj ls crk pqds gSa fd dSls vki bl dSEi esa Hkkx ys ldrs gSAa ,d ckj fQj ge vkidks crk nsa fd fofHkUu foiusV Dycksa }kjk gesa lw;xZ gz .k ls lacaf/kr ifj;kstuk,a Camp at belt of totality During TSE-2009 izfs "kr dh tk,axh ftuesa ls Camp at Sidhi (M.P.) for VIPNET Members on the p;fur ifj;kstukvksa dks occasion of TSE-2009 during 21 to 23 July 2009. foiusV if=kdk esa izdkf'kr For details Kindly refer to VIPNET NEWS (April and fd;k tk,xk vkSj mu may issues). Hurry up, we are waiting for your project. Dycksa ds nks lnL;ksa ,oa Dyc la;kstd dks lhèkh esa vk;ksftr gksus okys dSEi esa Hkkxhnkjh dk volj iznku fd;k tk,xkA gesa vk'kk gS fd vfèkd ls vfèkd foiusV Dyc geas lw;Z xzg.k ls lacfa /kr ifj;kstuk izfs "kr djsxa As vkidh ifj;kstuk,a gesa ,d tqykbZ] 2009 rd izkIr gks tkuh pkfg,A bl le;kof/k esa izkIr ifj;kstukvksa ij gh fopkj fd;k tk,xk vkSj Js"B 250 ifj;kstukvksa dks izLrqr djus okys Dycksa dks ^lh/kh dSEi* esa vkeaf=kr fd;k tk,xkA vxj vkids Dyc dks ^lh/kh dSEi* esa Hkkxhnkjh dk volj ugha Hkh feyrk gS rks Hkh vki vius {ks=k esa gh xzg.k ds utkjs dk vkuan ys ldrs gSAa vkSj lkFk gh lkFk dqN xfrfofèk;ka Hkh dj ldrs gSAa bl vad esa ge lw;Z xzg.k ls lacfa /kr dqN xfrfof/k;ksa dks lq>k jgs gSAa vki bu fofHkUu ifj;kstukvksa dks djus dk iz;kl djsa vkSj gesa viuh ifj;kstuk,a izfs "kr djsAa vkids }kjk izfs "kr lw;Z xzg.k ls lacfa èkr ifj;kstukvksa esa ls pqfuank ifj;kstukvksa dks ge foiusV if=kdk esa izdkf'kr djsxa As pqfuank ifj;kstukvksa dks foKku izlkj }kjk iqjLÑr Hkh fd;k tk,xkA Those who study the stars have God for a teacher.... Tycho Brahe varjkZ"Vªh; [kxksy foKku o"kZ 2009 22 tqykbZ] 2009 dks gesa izÑfr dh ,d vuks[kh ?kVuk dks ;kuh iw.kZ lw;xZ zg.k dks ns[kus dk volj feysxkA ml le; panzek lw;Z dh pdrh ¼fMLd½ dks iwjh rjg <d nsxkA iw.kZ lw;xZ gz .k vFkkZr~ ^[kxzkl* ,d ,slh nqyHZ k [kxksyh; ?kVuk gS ftls ns[kus dk volj vf/kdka'k yksxksa dks {ks=k esa gS rks ;s tkuus dh dksf'k'k djsa fd vkids {ks=k esa pUnzek dh fMLd lw;Z dks fdrus izfr'kr <drh gSA bls vki ifj;kstuk ds :i esa dj ldrs gSAa thou esa ,d ckj Hkh ugha fey ikrkA vkSlr :Ik ls] i`Foh ds fdlh LFkku fo'ks"k esa iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k 360 o"kZ esa dsoy ,d ckj yxrk gSA iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k ds lacaèk esa ;g Hkh ekuk tkrk gS fd i`Foh ij iw.kZ xzg.k ds xqtjus dk ekxZ cgqr ladjk gksrk gS vkSj og vfèkdrj HkweMa y ds nqxeZ {ks=kksa ls gksdj xqtjrk gSA gkykafd] 22 tqykbZ 2009 dks iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k dh Nk;k dk ekxZ vusd cM+as 'kgjksa vkSj ?kuh vkcknh okys {ks=kksa ls gksdj xqtjsxkA vr% ;g Lof.kZe ekSdk gS tc vfèkd ls vf/kd yksx bl izkÑfrd ?kVuk dks ns[k ldsxa As gesa bl ekSds dk ykHk mBkuk pkfg, vkSj iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k dh ?kVuk dks ns[kuk pkfg,A ;g bl 'krkCnh dk lcls yack iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k gksxk vkSj blds xqtjus ds ekxZ ij [kxzkl dh vf/kdre vofèk 6 feuV 39 lsdMas rd gksxhA bl izdkj lu~ 2132 rd dk ;gh lcls yack iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k gksxkA oSls ifjfLFkfr;ka cgqr vuqdwy gksus ij iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k dh vfèkdre vofèk lk<s+ lkr feuV rd Hkh gks ldrh gSA vuks[ks la;ksx ds dkj.k lw;Z vkSj panez k dk vkdkj rFkk budh vkilh nwjh bruh gS fd i`Foh vkSj pUnzek nksuksa dk dks.kh; vkdkj yxHkx ,d&lk fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA pwafd i`Foh lw;Z dh ifjØek nh?kZo`Ùkkdkj d{kk esa djrh gS vkSj panez k Hkh i`Foh ds pkjksa vksj nh?kZoÙ` kkdj d{kk esa gh ?kwerk gS] blfy, tc lw;Z i`Foh ls fudVre nwjh ij vkSj panzek vfèkdre nwjh ij gksrk gS rks panzek dh pdrh lw;Z dh pdrh ls NksVh fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA blfy, tc panzek dh pdrh lw;Z dh pdrh ds lkeus ls xqtjrh gS rks mls iwjh rjg ugha <d ikrhA bl izdkj dk xzg.k ^dad.kkÑfr* ;k ^oy;kdkj* xzg.k dgykrk gSA Hkkjr esa 15 tuojh 2010 dks gesa oy;kdkj lw;Z&xzg.k ns[kus dk lqvolj feysxk tks ns'k ds nf{k.kh Hkkx esa fn[kkbZ nsxkA VIPNET NEWS 2 oy;kdkj xzg.k vkaf'kd lw;&Z xzg.k dbZ ckj i`Foh ij izPNk;k ugha dsoy miPNk;k gh iM+rh gSA ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa i`Foh ij dsoy vkaf'kd lw;Z&xzg.k fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA rc panzek dh fMLd lw;Z dh fMLd ds dsanz ij ls ugha xqtjrhA la;ksxo'k] iw.kZ ;k oy;kdkj lw;Z&xzg.kksa dh rqyuk esa D;ksa gksrk gS lw;Z xzg.k vkaf'kd lw;&Z xzg.k vf/kd yxrs gSAa vkaf'kd lw;&Z xzg.k dks miNk;k {ks=k ds lfn;ksa ls yksxksa ds eu esa lw;Z xzg.k dks ysdj vusd loky mBrs jgs gSaA Hkhrj iM+us okys vusd LFkkuksa ls ns[kk tk ldrk gSA vfèkdrj yksxksa dks ;g iz'u cSpus djrk gS lw;&Z xzg.k yxrs dSls gS\a dqN yksx lw;Z xzg.k ds dkj.k gksrs ifjorZu lw;Z xzg.k dks nSoh; ?kVuk ekurs jgs oSls rks iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k yxus ls ,d gSaA ysfdu vkt ge tkurs gSa fd ?kaVk igys rd fdlh O;fä dks iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k rc yxrk gS tc panzek Mortal as I am, I know that I am born for a day. But when I follow at my pleasure the serried multitude of lw;Z&xzg.k ds fn[kkbZ nsus okys LFkku i`Foh rFkk lw;Z ds chp esa vk tkrk the stars in their circular course, my feet no longer dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa yxHkx dksbZ ifjorZu gS vkSj panzek dh Nk;k i`Foh dh touch the earth....Ptolemy, c.150 AD ugha fn[kkbZ nsrkA ysfdu] iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k lrg ij ls xqtjrh gSA ,slk dsoy yxus ls djhc 20 feuV igys izdk'k vekoL;k ds fnu gks ldrk gS] gkykafd panzek dh d{kk ds >qdko ds dkj.k izR;sd vekoL;k dks ,slk ugha gksrk gSA xzg.k dh Nk;k ds nks Hkkx gksrs gSa( dh rhozrk dkQh ?kV tkrh gSA iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k ds yxHkx rhu feuV igys igyk ^izPNk;k* ¼vEczk½ ;k iw.kZ Nk;k tks 'kadq ds :Ik esa gksrh gSA vkSj mlesa vkleku cgqr dkyk gks tkrk gSA ml le; lw;Z pkikdkj ¼ØhlsVa ½ fn[kkbZ dgha ls Hkh lw;Z dk izdk'k izos'k ugha dj ikrk gSA i`Foh ds ftl {ks=k ls gksdj nsus yxrk gSA iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k ls igys vxj vki fdlh igkM+ dh pksVh ;g Nk;k xqtjrh gS mls gh [kxzkl iw.kZ iV~Vh {ks=k dgk tkrk gSA ;gh og {ks=k ij gSa vkSj xzg.k nksigj ckn yxus okyk gS rks vkidks if'peh f{kfrt ls gS tgka ls lw;Z iwjk <dk fn[kkbZ nsrk gS vkSj fnu esa gh dqN nsj ds fy, jkr 800 ehVj izfr lsdMas ¼;kuh] vkokt dh xfr ls yxHkx 2-5 xquk½ dh xfr tSlk ekgkSy gks tkrk gSA bl vof/k ds nkSjku ge dbZ xzg] u{k=k vkSj rkjs ls vkxs c<+rh gqbZ izPNk;k fn[k ldrh gSA iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k dh voLFkk ls Hkh ns[k ldrs gSaA xzg.k dh Nk;k dk nwljk Hkkx ^miPNk;k* ¼ihuEczk½ ;k yxHkx ,d feuV igys lQsn lrg ij rjax dh rjg pyrh dkyh rFkk vkaf'kd Nk;k dgykrk gS tks lw;Z dh fMLd ds dsoy ,d gh Hkkx ls izdk'k 'osr ifê;ka fn[kkbZ nsus yxrh gS tks ^Nk;k ifê;ka* ¼'kSMks cSUM~l½ dgykrh igaqpus ds dkj.k curh gSA izPNk;k {ks=k esa [kM+s O;fä ¼izs{kd½ dks lw;Z dh gSaA vxys dqN lsdsaMksa esa lw;Z ds izdk'k dh rhozrk rsth ls de gks tkrh fMLd panzek ls iwjh rjg <dh gqbZ fn[kkbZ ugha nsrh gSA ;fn vki izPNk;k ds gSA ftlds dkj.k okrkoj.k dk rkieku Hkh de gks tkrk gSA vkSj] Bhd June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6 varjkZ"Vªh; [kxksy foKku o"kZ 2009 blh le; vkidks panzek dh lrg ij ekStwn ?kkfV;ksa ls dkSa/krk izdk'k ;kuh ckn fQj ckgj vk ldrs gSaA okLro esa iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k ds utkjs ^csyht~ chM~l* ef.kdkvksa dh ekyk ds leku fn[kkbZ nsus yxrk gSA blds ckn dh jkspdrk dks vuqHko djds c;ku djus dk etk dqN vksj 'kh?kz gh panzek dh ?kkfV;ksa ls vkrs gh gS blfy, bl vn~Hkqr iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k iV~Vh ij foiusV lnL;ksa ds fy, dSEi 21 ls 23 izdk'k dh vafre rst ped ekuks ^ghjs ?kVuk dks lqjf{kr :i ls tqykbZ] 2009 dh vaxwBh* lh fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA tc ;g ns[kus dk ykHk vo'; mBkuk pkfg, vf/kd tkudkjh ds fy, foius V U;w t + ds viz S y rFkk ebZ va d ghjs dh vaxBw h xk;c gks tkrh gS rks gesa blds fy, gesa pkgs fdruk gh nwj tkuk ns[ksaA gesa vkidh ifj;kstukvksa dk bUrtkj gSA vkf[kjh rkfj[k fn[kkbZ nsus okys lw;Z ds n`'; 'osr iM+sA vkSj gka fQj vius vuqHko gesa iz d k'kea M y ls Bhd Åij fLFkr vo'; fy[k HkstAas ge dksf'k'k djsxa s fd utnhd gS] nsj u djsaA ØkseksfLQ;j ¼;kuh lw;Z dk fupyk mUgsa foiusV esa izdkf'kr fd;k tk,A ok;qeaMy½ vkyksfdr gks mBrk gS tks bl ckr dk ladsr gksrk gS fd iw.kZ D;ksa egRoiw.kZ gS [kxzkl dh ?kVuk lw;Zxzg.k 'kq: gks x;kA bl le; lw;Z dh lrg ls yk[kksa fdyksehVj nwj rd vn~Hkqr vkSj jksekapd gksus ds lkFk gh iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k dh ?kVUkk dk [kxksy yidrs vkx ds yky ;k ukjaxh tsV fn[kkbZ nsrs gSa tks ^lkSjTokyk,a* dgykrh foKku dh n`f"V ls Hkh vR;ar egRo gSA ;g ge tkurs gh gSa fd lw;Z gekjk gSaA lw;Z vc panzek ds ihNs iwjh rjg fNi tkrk gS vkSj eksfr;k&lQsn jax dk fudVre rkjk gSA [kxzkl dh ?kVUkk HkO; fdjhV ^izHkkeaMy* ¼dksjksuk½ ds le; ge lw;Z dk ckjhdh ls pedus yxrk gSA ;s gh ,slk {k.k foKku izlkj ,oa vkdk'kok.kh n~okjk 19 Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa ns'k Hkj esa vè;;u dj ldrs gSaA lw;Zxzg.k ls gksrk gS tks oSKkfudksa dks lw;Z ds gesa gekjs lw;Z ds leku vU; rkjksa izHkke.My ds fo"k; esa vf/kd ls 100 ls Hkh vf/kd vdk'kok.kh dsUnzkas n~okjk varjkZ"Vªh; [kxksydh o"kZ ds ds ok;qeaMy dk v/;;u djus dk vf/kd tkudkjh ,d=k djus dk miy{; esa izlkfjr fd, tkus okys /kkjkokfgd ßflrkjksa ls vkxsÞ ds Hkh volj feyrk gSA lw;Z ds ekSdk nsrk gSA fdjhV ;kuh dksjksuk varxZr tqykbZ ekg esa iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k ls lacfa èkr rhu fof'k"V dfM+;ksa dks egRoiw.kZ Hkkx fdjhV ¼dksjksuk½ dk lw;Z dk ckgjh ok;qeaMy gS ftlesa izlkfjr fd;k tk,xkA bu dfM+;ks esa iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.k dks jkspd rjhds lw{e v/;;u Hkh [kxzkl dh ?kVuk xeZ fojy xSlsa gksrh gaSA ;g yk[kksa ls le>kus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA 54 dfM+;ksa okys bl èkkjkokfgd esa ds nkSjku fd;k tk ldrk gSA Ýkalhlh fdyksehVj nwj rd QSyk gksrk gSA izR;sd dM+h ds var esa iwNs tkus okys iz'uksa dk mRrj vkdk'kok.kh dks [kxksy oSKkfud tkUlsu us ,d vkerkSj ij bldh ped {kh.k gksrh izfs "kr dj Jksrk èkkjkokfgd esa viuh Hkkxhnkjh ntZ djk ldrs gSAa vki vfHk;ku ds nkSjku 17 vxLr 1868 gS ftldh rqyuk panzek dh ped ls èkkjkokfgd ds le; vkSj fofHkUu dfM+;ksa ds uke vkfn ds ckjs esa foiusV dks xqaVwj ¼vkaèkz izns'k½ ds rackdw ds dh tk ldrh gS blhfy, izdk'k&eaMy ds Qjojh vkSj vizy S vad dks ns[k ldrs gSAa /kkjkokfgd ds ckjs esa vksj [ksrksa esa lw;Z dh lrg ij ghfy;e dh rst ped ds dkj.k lk/kkj.kr% vf/kd tkudkjh vki gesa i=k fy[kdj ;k foKku izlkj dh osclkbV rRo dh [kkst dh FkhA bl izdkj ;g fn[kkbZ ugha nsrkA fdjhV dk gekjs ns'k esa xqVa wj ds rackdw ds [ksrksa www.vigyanprasar.in ls Hkh izkIr dj ldrs gSAa vkdkj X;kjg o"khZ; lkSj&pØ ds esa lkSj HkkSfrdh dk tUe gqvkA oSls vuqlkj cnyrk jgrk gS vkSj izR;sd ;g Hkh jkspd ckr gS fd i`Foh ij rks ghfy;e dh [kkst lu~ 1895 esa gqbZA iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k ds nkSjku bldk vyx rjg dk vkdkj fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA ;g bl blds vykok 29 ebZ 1919 ds iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k ds nkSjku ,d nwjLFk rkjs ls vkus ckr ij fuHkZj djrk gS fd lw;Z dyadksa ¼/kCcksa½ dh la[;k vf/kdre gS ;k okys izdk'k dk lw;Z ds xq#Roh; {ks=k ds dkj.k gq, fopyu ds vkèkkj ij igyh U;wureA vkSj] tc rd vki ;g le>us dh dksf'k'k djsa fd D;k gqvk] ckj vkbaLVkbu ds vkisf{kdrk ds O;kid fl)kar dk ijh{k.k fd;k x;kA rks ;gh lc ?kVuk,a fQj foijhr Øe esa ?kVuh 'kq: gks tkrh gSaA vki le> lers gSa D;ksa egRoiw.kZ gS ;s iw.kZ lw;Z xzg.kA lw;&Z xzg.k ds nkSjku gksus okyh ?kVuk,a xzg.k dh vof/k 22 tqykbZ 2009 ds lw;Z&xzg.k ds iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k ds nkSjku rFkk nkSjku panzek dh izPNk;k ¼vEczk½ dk mlds iwoZ vkSj ckn ds dqN ekxZ Hkkjr esa [kaHkkr dh [kkM+h ls 'kq: {k.kksa esa izÑfr esa vthcks&xjhc gksdj usiky] ckaXykns'k] HkwVku] cekZ ?kVuk,a ?kVrh gSAa lw;Z dk izdk'k vkSj phu ls xqtjsxkA panzek dh cgqr de gks tkrk gS vkSj izPNk;k lcls igys Hkkjr ds if'peh lw;Z xzg.k dks ns[kus ds fy, foKku izlkj }kjk fodflr fd;k x;k lkSyj fQYVj vkdk'k esa xzg rFkk dqN pednkj rV ls nwj /kjrh dks lqcg 6-23 cts rkjs fn[kkbZ nsus yxrs gSa ftUgsa dksjh vka[k ls ns[kk tk ldrk gSA dbZ ikS/ks Li'kZ djsxh ftldh xfr yxHkx 18 fdyksehVj izfr lsdMas gksxhA dqN gh lsdMas ksa ftuds Qwy vkSj ifÙk;ka jkr esa can gks tkrh gSa] os iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k ds nkSjku ds vanj lwjr ¼xqtjkr½ 'kgj esa 3 feuV 17 lsdsaM rd va/ksjk Nk,xkA ogka can gksus yxrh gSAa tks ikS/ks jkr esa lqx/a k fc[ksjrs gS]a os iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k ds le; lw;Z iwohZ f{kfrt ij dsoy 3 va'k Åij gksxkA izPNk;k T;ksagh] iwoZ dh vksj fnu esa lqxa/k fc[ksjus yxrs gSaA iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k ds nkSjku i{kh vleatl esa iM+ vkxs c<+sxh] lw;Z dk mérka'k rsth ls c<+rk tk,xkA xqtjkr dk oMksnjk 'kgj tkrs gSaA iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k ds ckn eqxkZ ckax Hkh ns ldrk gSA dcwrj vkSj vU; iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k dh mÙkjh lhek ij gksxk vkSj ogka ,d feuV 19 lsdsaM rd i{kh iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k ls igys vius clsjksa esa ykSVrs ns[ks tk ldrs gSa vkSj mlds vaèksjk Nk,xkA blds ckn xzg.k dh Nk;k bankSj ¼eè; izns'k½ igqapsxh tgka 3 VIPNET NEWS 3 June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6 varjkZ"Vªh; [kxksy foKku o"kZ 2009 feuV 13 lsdsaM rd iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k dk va/ksjk Nk tk,xkA ogka f{kfrt ls lw;Z dk mérka'k dsoy 6 va'k gksxkA gkykafd Hkksiky dsanzh; js[kk ls 40 fdyksehVj mÙkj esa fLFkr gS] ysfdu ogka Hkh 3 feuV 12 lsdsaM rd iw.kZ xzg.k dk va/kdkj cuk jgsxkA okjk.klh vkSj iVuk 'kgj Hkh xzg.k dh Nk;k ds ekxZ esa fLFkr gksxa As blds ckn xzg.k dh izPNk;k nkthZfyax] flyhxqM+h] xaxVksd] fFkEQw ¼HkwVku½] fMczwx<+ vkSj bVkuxj ls gksdj xqtjsxhA izPNk;k dks Hkkjr Hkwfe dks ikj djus esa yxHkx 13 feuV dk le; yxsxkA blds ckn xzg.k dh Nk;k mÙkjh E;kaekj esa izos'k djsxh vkSj fQj phu o tkiku dh vksj c<+ tk,xhA ,f'k;k egk}hi dks ikj djus ds ckn xzg.k dh Nk;k tkiku ds j~;wD;w }hiksa ls gksdj xqtjsxh vkSj nf{k.k&iwoZ dh vksj eqM+ dj iz'kkar egklkxj dh rjQ c<+ tk,xh] tgka 6 feuV 39 lsdsaM dh vf/kdre vof/k rd iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k dk izHkko jgsxkA ogka izPNk;k dh xfr ?kVdj yxHkx 800 ehVj izfr lsdsaM jg tk,xhA vxkeh iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k lwjf{kr :i ls lw;Z xzg.k dks ns[kuk lw;Z xzg.k dks lqjf{kr ns[kus ds fy, foKku izlkj ds iz;kl vHkh rd vki le> x, gksxa s fd lw;&Z xzg.k dk utkjk D;ksa jkspd vkSj vn~Hkqr gksrk gSA ysfdu bl ?kVUkk dks ns[kus ds fy, dqN lkoèkkuh j[kuh pkfg, ugha rks gekjh vka[kksa dks uqdlku igaqp ldrk gSA iw.kZ lq;Z xzg.k dh ?kVuk dks lqjf{kr <ax ls ns[kus ds fy, dqN ckrksa dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg,A igyh ckr rks ;g gS fd pkgs xzg.k yxk gks vFkok ugha] lw;Z dks dHkh Hkh dksjh vka[k ls ugha ns[kuk pkfg,A blls vka[k dh jsfVuk vkSj n`f"V dks LFkkbZ :Ik ls uqdlku gks ldrk gSA xzg.k dh vkaf'kd voLFkk dks lh/ks ns[kus ds fy, vPNh rjg ij[ks gq, lqjf{kr lkSj fQYVjksa vFkok oSYMjksa ds xgjs jax ds 14 uacj ds 'kh'ks dk mi;ksx djuk pkfg,A oSls rks foKku izlkj vius [kxksfydh xfrfof/k fdV esa vFkok vyx ls Hkh lqjf{kr lkSj fQYVj miyC/k djkrk gSA blds vykok xzg.k ns[kus ds fy, lw;Z dk izfrfcac fdlh nhokj ;k lQsn dkxt ij NksVs vkdkj ds VsfyLdksi }kjk izkt s Ds V djds Hkh ns[kk tk ldrk gSA fdlh Nk;knkj nhokj ij fiu&gksy }kjk lw;Z dk izfrfcac cukuk xzg.k ns[kus dk lcls lqjf{kr rjhdk gSA foKku izlkj us 22 tqykbZ 2009 ds iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k dh ?kVuk dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, ,d jk"Vªh; Lrj ds vfHk;ku dh ;kstuk cukbZ gSA blds varxZr yksdfiz; iqLrdksa dh Ükà[kyk izdkf'kr dh tk,xh] xzg.k dks fo'ks"k :Ik ls /;ku esa j[krs gq, ,d xfrfof/k fdV cukbZ tk jgh gS ftlesa lqjf{kr lkSj fQYVj Hkh gksxkA bl nqyZHk ?kVuk ij vk/kkfjr jsfM;ks rFkk Vsyhfotu dk;ZØe fo'ks"k :Ik ls rS;kj fd, tk,axsA Vsyhfotu dk;ZØe dk izlkj.k tqykbZ ds izFke lIrkg ls vkjaHk gksxkA blds lkFk gh ns'k ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa ds izeq[k lalk/ku O;fä;ksa ds fy, izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe Hkh vk;ksftr fd, tk,axAs vf/kd tkudkjh ds fy, vki foKku izlkj ls laidZ dj ldrs gSaA lanHkZ% ,d vuqie [kxksyh; jaxaukV~;] fou;- ch- dkEcys] Mªhe2047] twu vad 2009 Hkkjr esa 22 tqykbZ 2009 dks iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k lw;ksnZ ; ds lkFk 'kq: gksxk tc lw;Z dk mérka'k cgqr de gksxk ;kuh f{kfrt ls lw;Z dh ÅapkbZ dkQh de gksxhA gkykafd ;g ?kVuk rc ?kVsxh tc nf{k.k&if'pe ekulwu vius pje ij gksxkA ge esa ls vusd yksxksa ds fy, vius thoudky esa bl vn~Hkqr [kxksyh; ?kVuk dks ns[kus dk ;gh ,d Lof.kZe volj gksxkA uklk }kjk ckny f?kjus dh laHkkouk ij mixzgksa ls fd, x, iz{s k.k n'kkZrs gSa fd xzg.k ds ekxZ esa dsoy iVuk ls iwoZ dh vksj ckny f?kjus dh U;wure vk'kadk gSA blfy, iw.kZ lw;Z&xzg.k ns[kus dh n`f"V ls ;g ns'k dk loksÙZ ke {ks=k gks ldrk gSA blds ckn Hkkjr esa vxys iw.kZ lw;&Z xzg.k dh ?kVuk] ftldk ekxZ ?kuh vkcknh okys vusd {ks=kksa ls xqtjsxk] lu~ 2114 esa ?kfVr gksxhA izLrqfr% ch- ds- R;kxh ,oa uouhr xqIrk [email protected], [email protected] What you can do during the Total Solar ! Hari Om Vats Eclipse on 22 July 2009 [email protected] (1) This eclipse (specially in the western part of our country) will take place when the Sun will be at low elevation, so few minutes before the totality and immediately after the totality you will be able to see clearly the phenomena of shadow band. This can recorded by a digital movie camera on a screen ~1x1.5 meter erected perpendicular to line of sight to the Sun. The screen should be white or light coloured. Though with naked eye you will be able see shadow band everywhere but recording will be best on the screen. If you have no movie camera there are two more possibilities; one can note down exact time when you start seeing the shadow bands before the totality and also the time you are not able to see the shadow bands after the totality. If one is good painter, after seeing the phenomena try to preserve your painting. variation of temperature on eclipse day needs to be compared with the variations on one day before and after the eclipse. So please note down the temperature on these days (21 and 23 July) as well during the same interval of time. Prepare a table. (2) During the eclipse temperature decreases, which can be measured by a digital or analog thermometer, it is advisable to note temperature every 10-15 sec around the totality. This Our final advice is to see this phenomenon with at most care (use of good filters is a must). Do not let this opportunity go away, make full use of it. VIPNET NEWS (3) Behaviour of animals and birds also differ on the eclipse day. We can note this change by observing and recording. This should also be done on a day before and after the eclipse. (4) During the total solar eclipse one will able to see many features e.g., diamond ring, Bailey’s beads, corona, solar flare, coronal mass ejection, prominences etc. There is a large volume of such recordings in the literature; however, to observe and record on your own is great achievement. 4 June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6 International Year of Planet Earth 2007 - 2009 Astrology and Astronomy: From Conjunction to Opposition ! Daniel Kunth E-mail:[email protected] As science communicators dealing with astronomy we often find a strong interest amongst the public in astrology — how the stars and planets directly affect our individual lives. Nowadays astrology is at odds with the scientific nature of astronomy, but this has not always been the case. Presented here is a background to astrology, to give a deeper understanding of where it has come from and why it has such an enduring place in all forms of global media. A strology has adapted to changes in society throughout history, and as a result it continues to benefit from a positive public image. The commercial and social success of astrology, largely driven by the media, is surprising given the dominance that science enjoys within our society. Its foundations exploit the widely held belief that pervasive connections exist between the macrocosm (the Universe as a whole) and our microcosm (human society and social relationships). Astrologers aim to decipher the hidden meaning behind planetary movements and positions, which they believe correspond to human personality traits or predict major and minor life events. The lexical ambiguity, with which these predictions are made, however, produces results that can be neither proven nor disproven. Without an objective method by which a predicted result can be tested, astrology cannot be considered a science. Astrological analysis, while sometimes quite sophisticated, does not utilise any traditional scientific methodology. Astrology even skips the necessary confrontation between hypothesis and proof, the opposite of a rigorous scientific approach. Astronomers oppose not only the astrological assertion that cosmological positioning can directly impact a person’s destiny, but also astrology’s ignorance of the physical reality, richness and variety of stars and planets. Moreover, no serious statistical study has been able to establish the reliability of astrological predictions. In modern times, most of its adherents opt for a psychological interpretation of astrology in which the stars have set forth the keys to our destiny, personality and predilections at the very time of our birth. The foundation of a belief in astrology is based upon a deterministic approach and constitutes a psychological alienation that can easily be over-exploited by those interested in financial gain. Throughout our own civilisation, astrology has had both fervent and casual believers within nearly all social classes or cultures. From ancient times to the present, humans have been challenged to predict and prepare for life events from the joyous to the catastrophic. Faced by disorder on Earth, astrology proposes that an ordered and readable structure exists in the firmament that is intricately involved with the saga of human life. However, this belief does not at all constitute a cosmic VIPNET NEWS 5 science because neither the tools of the astrologer nor their subjective analysis allows the astrologer to deduce facts or test a theory. Is astrology therefore more of a social science? That is to say a mode of knowledge in competition with scientific cosmology? Some astrologers, discontented by their relegation to the margins of official sciences, request academic recognition that would allow the public financing of astrological research and strengthen the scientific and academic standing of astrology and its followers. The utilisation of computers, statistics and ephemerides of great precision suggests an increasingly scientific practice. However, an overwhelming majority of scientists completely reject the scientific relevance of astrology and remain critical of new superficial uses of technology. Astrologists have been at the centre of an explosion in both traditional print and electronic media that has bombarded readers with intense (and intensely lucrative) commercialisation of astrology. Astrology in the print media is especially common – today, from the tabloid to the weekly, many newspapers offer an astrology column. Some people read their horoscope as if it were fiction; others rely on it for predictions and advice that will help them manage their personal or professional lives or perhaps how and when to plan a holiday. If so much money is devoted to astrology, perhaps it is because it fulfils an essential need that neither science, nor psychology, nor religion takes into consideration. Symbolism in astrology One of astrology’s great forces of persuasion lies in its symbolic perception of the world. This symbolism follows, more or less, from observations made since antiquity regarding the lustre or colour of astronomical bodies, the apparent vagaries of planetary movement as well as solar or lunar proximity. These symbols do not have a universal value: each culture elaborates its own. Most people know their zodiac sign: to be a Cancer sign signifies that at that individual’s birth, the Sun (when projected on the sky) was in the position corresponding to the sign of Cancer. In order to be more focused on the individual or to help account for evident differences between those with the same sign, the sign is countered or nuanced by other personalised elements, such as the ascendant sign that rises in the east at the precise moment of birth or the position of the principal planets in the birth chart. June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6 International Year of Astronomy 2009 Astrologers are equally interested in planetary transits, when planets pass certain significant points in the birth chart. They consider them to be triggers of events or decisions (marriages, divorces, births…) already predicted within the chart at the time of birth. Transits occupy a key position in astrology because it is considered possible to predict by calculation the principal transitions of a life. Horoscopes often make use of this technique in order to determine the charted angles of a planet with respect to a sign. For example, a person born under the sign of Virgo might have the planet Mars charted in close proximity to their sign; the astrological characterisation of Mars as the planet of war could be interpreted as an indication of impending conflict. A brief return to the past Historically, astrology and astronomy were not considered entirely separate fields; much of an astrologer’s time was spent working on star charts or taking meticulous measurements. Observations repeated thousands of times allowed the prediction of certain celestial events and, as a result, terrestrial events (the Egyptian calendars were inextricably linked to the life of the Nile). Proceeding from the correlation between celestial and terrestrial events, a control of the latter by the former was imagined. The planets or “wandering stars” were perceived as a coded communication from the deities; hence observation of tiny planetary movements was a way of interpreting the will of the Gods. The Greeks, then the Romans, were convinced of the divine nature of this kind of astrology, also known as Chaldean, deriving from its ancient Sumerian origins. In ancient Greece, the regularity and often predictable nature of celestial events gave birth to a mathematical mysticism, a singular marriage between mathematics and divination, which western astrology has drawn upon, allowing it to endure to this day. Modern astrology has broken with the concept of gods, but has conserved the belief that a universal will can be perceived through careful evaluation of planetary movements. With the evolution of both knowledge and scientific tools, the gap has widened between the premises of astrology and those of science. Historically astronomers renounced unproven principles regarding the influence and con-nection between planetary configurations and terrestrial events. These became sources of disagreement and eventually rupture between astronomy and astrology. Astronomy attempts to explain the cosmos; scientists are objective observers. The astronomer builds upon or rejects a theory based on available evidence, while an astrologer’s work is controlled by a doctrine of predetermination. During this transition, astrologers were confronted by shakeups they had not foreseen: the Earth was no longer at the centre of the system, the separation between the sublunar and supralunar worlds was no longer justified and distances exploded. According to the philosopher Alexandre Koyré, our human world, once at the centre of every-thing was transformed into a tiny player in an infinite Universe. Astrology face to face with science So now we have one cosmos to investigate, studied by two wholly VIPNET NEWS different schools of analysis. Many astrologers describe themselves as scientists and insist upon the existence of genuine celestial influences on the individual. They hope to demonstrate its authenticity by using statistical studies that are often ill-conceived and badly executed (Fraknoi, 1989). In borrowing astronomy’s methods of calculation (the ephemerides of astrologers are scientific tables graciously made available to the public by astronomers), this type of astrology recovers a kind of scientific legitimacy that plays a role in its durability. The confusion of genres and the questions of the public are relayed by media debates where astronomers and astrologers confront one another. The most critical arguments of astronomers regarding astrology focus on the misunderstanding of the physical reality of the Universe and its richness. What is the point of invoking the sky and its planets if they are not taken into account for themselves that is, if the sky is without object? In essence, the symbolic language of astrology possesses some limits that keep it at a distance from the realities of the physical world. Taking the example of the planet Mars: for the astrologer, the colour red evokes flowing blood, therefore war, and with it, death; for the scientist, the colour red can have multiple causal reasons, which can only be determined by experiment. The first space missions to Mars attested to the presence of iron on the surface of this planet, the colour red was partly due to the oxidation of iron. Oxidation, however, required the presence of oxygen, most notably in the form of water. Water is considered synonymous with life on Earth so the question was then posed about the existence of life on Mars. Did life exist in the past? Such a hypothesis will be explored during future missions to the red planet. Mars-red-war-blood and death, the symbolic chain that functions on analogy has made room for Mars-red-iron-water and life, which comes from strict ties with causality. Mars, a simple mass of red stone covered with iron oxide, continues to be assigned the virtues of the god of war. We see how a relevant observation that of colour can provoke a simple and elementary symbolic interpretation. However, once the nature of the planet is known and causal relationships revealed, that this associative game could endure after having lost all real significance does not cease to astonish. It is certainly not necessary to understand the nature of a phenomenon in order to establish its existence, but the first question, beyond all polemic, is to know if astrological influence is attested to by the facts. Alas, astrologers hardly worry about submitting their hypotheses to a definitive test of refutation. The exception is the psychological test conducted by Carlson and published in the 1985 review in Nature, which tested the precepts and foundations of astrology. They effectively debunked all tested astrological principles. Astrological predictions of catastrophic events rarely specify the size of disasters, location or precise date of occurrence; because 6 June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6 International Year of Astronomy 2009 of this they can almost never be contradicted or disproven. Even so, at the beginning of each year we see in the media a wave of predictions that are rarely verified a fact the public does not seem eager to take into account. A renowned astrologer once predicted a major catastrophe because the August 1999 solar eclipse coincided with the Earth flyby of the Cassini probe. A petition was immediately sent to NASA demanding that they modify the date of the mission! Despite an abundance of evidence that astrology is essentially a non-science, the academic platform of astrology does offer a certain psychological depth. Predictions can be so ambivalent that there are an almost unlimited number of interpretations on any given subject. Scientists regard such profu-sion as redundant, manifesting when the number of possibilities exceeds the number of unknowns. The astrological lexicon, with numerous possible meanings, allows those who use it a good deal of latitude. Science is at the same time knowledge, method and proof. It tries to transcend cultures and national affiliations and evolves without demanding any psychic belief as a prerequisite for exploring the nature of the world. On the other hand, the term astrology should merit the plural form; so diverse are its schools. Different and numerous disciplines of astrology often contradict or ignore each other without consensus or even the need for consensus. The infatuation of the public for astrology moves more and more towards a psychology aimed at liberating the potentialities of individuals. During a session, an astrologer works in the field of affectivity, not rationality. The client finds himself in the position of expectant believer, a mechanism by which he hears only what he wants to hear, and discounts or ignores what does not fit in with his expectations. Astrology remains at its heart the art of predicting the future, a future written according to the tendencies acquired at birth by the influence of the stars. However, this deprivation of free will engenders alienation and a strong risk of psychological manipulation (it is not uncommon to meet people who consult their astrologer before making any decisions). The determinist nature of astrology leads to the irreducible paradox in which the astrologers work as so-called psychologists. The free will that the psychological astrologer advocates finds it self confronted by the determinism of predictive astrology. How can this personal autonomy be reconciled with the blows of fate or of bad luck that Jupiter or Saturn provokes in passing by the birth sign? The client waits for the answer to be revealed to him. Astrological analysis, in the great majority of cases, is performed for pecuniary gain, which is why an astrologer formulates broad assertions, the opposite of generally prudent interpretations offered by psychotherapists. The influence of the astrologer is not found solely in the private sphere. It has penetrated the field of politics and civil society. Certain businesses use astrology for recruitment. Astrology is judged sometimes to be more suitable to evaluate potential candidates than their CVs and motivation! A financial astrology, VIPNET NEWS 7 based on the apparent movement of Uranus has been all the rage, even on Wall Street and astrology has even been used in fee calculation for certain insurance companies! In fact, for almost any human activity or phenomena to which a great deal of uncertainty is attached, you will find astrologers eager to impart a sense of cos-mic order and to be paid for securing that peace of mind. Astrological belief is not the sole privilege of those who have access to thorough instruction but thrives in a sort of in-between state (Boy & Michelat, 1986). Statistically, a belief in astrology increases with a declared interest in science, peaking among the salaried middle class holding an intermediate-level degree, then lessens among those with a postgraduate education (notably among scientists). The sociologist Theodor Adorno (1994) pointed out that belief in astrology is characterised by a state-of-being that he called semi-erudition. The semi-erudite would borrow some non-scientific shortcuts to find answers to ques-tions regarding their future as a result of an unsuccessful conversion to the system of scientific thought. The nature of astrology Astrology is not monolithic, but finds an anchor in a current of common thought linked to tradition. It weaves social connections and allows a group of people to identify themselves with a cultural community. We can characterise two classes of astrologers. Those who call themselves astrological scientists work under the premise that they live in a world of physical causal influence between people and the cosmos. Such astrology utilises a sort of patchwork scientific analysis, which moulds concepts pulled from other scientific fields to suit the astrological framework. More traditional astrologers consider the sky to be a symbolic template, and willingly use some mythical tales to expand their interpretations rather than expounding on a physical cause and effect methodology. Astrology can equally be perceived as a language that presents words with the use of a specific vocabulary and grammatical technique. The scientific refutations presented by astronomers only fleetingly embarrass these astrologers for whom the object of astrology is not a study of the cosmos but of man, at the same time subject and object. Fundamentally, the differences are glaring. The astrologer scientist makes his art mathematical. The astrologer metaphysician attaches no importance to a so-called scientific astrology. There is an in-between kind of astrologer, probably the most widespread, for whom the practice comes as close as possible to penetrating intuition, of psychol-ogy and clever deductions. It is believed that the cosmos imprints upon the individual at the moment of birth and that the future of the individual is coded within that specific and unique formation. For this community, the astrologer is simply the interpreter who analyses the characteristics of the birth chart. Such astrological discourse is extremely malleable, which explains its capacity to adapt to cultural norms of modern or post-modern contd on page 11... June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6 varjkZ"Vªh; i`Foh xzg o"kZ 2007&2009 ,d o`{k dk taxy ch- ds- R;kxh ,oa uouhr xqIrk [email protected], [email protected] izSy 19&20] 2008 dks foiusV Dycksa ds fy, laxeusj dkWyst esa esa <+sjkas tkudkfj;ka feyhA osnkUr ds nknk] tks vHkh fiefxjh esa gh jgrs gaS mUgkasus ,d dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k FkkA laxeusj] egkjk"Vª esa geas dbZ tkudkfj;ka nhA osnkUr ds nknk vkSj xkao ds yksxksa ls feyh tkudkjh iwuk ls ukfld dh rjQ yxHkx 140 fdyksehVj nwj fLFkr dks bl ys[k ds ek/;e ls foiusV ds ikBdksa rd igaqpkus dk iz;kl fd;k tk jgk gSA vgenuxj ftys dh rglhy gSA foiusV ds ;gk¡ yxHkx 50 Dyc fiefxjh xkao dh dqy nsoh ^izes knsoh* LFkkfir fd, x, gSaA ;gk¡ ds dbZ gSA f'kokth ds tUe ds igys thtkckbZ Ldwy o dkWyst ds v/;kid fiNys Hkh bl xkao esa dqN fnu jgh FkhA ckthjko 15 o"kks± ls cky foKku dkaxzsl ls Hkh eLrkuh dk bfrgkl Hkh bl xkao ls tqM+k tqM+s gq, gaSA dk;Z'kkyk esa ,d cky gSA ;gka mlds fdys ds vo'ks"k vkt Hkh oSKkfud ^osnkUr* Hkh Fkk tks fiNys fo|eku gSAa c<+ ds o`{k ls tqMh+ dgkuh o rhu o"kks± ls foKku yksdfiz;dj.k bfrgkl Hkh de jkspd ugha gSA bl o`{k laca/kh xfrfof/k;ksa ls tqM+k gqvk gSA dk ftØ 19oha 'krkCnh ds ,d fczfV'k osnkUr us crk;k fd laxeusj ls dqN xtV essa Hkh gSA ,slk dgk tkrk gS fd ;g gh nwjh ij yxHkx 20 fdyksehVj ij o`{k ,d HkkbZ vkSj cgu ds vkilh Lusg mldk xkao gS vkSj ogka ij ,d cgqr o cfynku dh ;kn esa yxk;k x;k FkkA iqjkuk c<+ dk o`{k gS tks yxHkx nks fiefxjh ds vkl ikl ds taxyksa esa phrs ,dM+ esa QSyk gqvk gSA mlds vuqlkj Hkh ik, tkrs gSa xkao okyksa ds vuqlkj ,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd dksydrk ds c<+ o`{k ds ?kus LraHk ewy phrs ;gka vkt Hkh fn[kkbZ ns tkrs gSaA ^oksVfs ud xkMZu* ds ckn Hkkjr esa ;gh ,d ckj ,d HkkbZ vkSj cgu taxy ls xqtj jgs Fks rks phrs us HkkbZ ij vkØe.k lcls cM+k c<+ dk thfor o`{k gS tks vc Hkh gjk&Hkjk vkSj [kwc Qy&Qwy jgk gSA osUnkr dh ckras lqu dj mlds xkao o c<+ ds o`{k dks ns[kuas dh dj fn;kA HkkbZ dks cpkus ds fy, cgu us Hkh phrs ij izgkj fd;kA exj nksukas mRlqdrk dks eSa nck ugh ik;k vkSj py fn;k osnkUr ds lkFk mlds xkaoA phrs ds lkeus 'kk;n detksj iM+ x, vkSj phrs us nksukas dks ekj fn;kA mUgha dh xkao ds jkLrs esa dbZ yksx feys vkSj muls ml xkao vkSj ml o`{k ds ckjs ;kn esa yxHkx 200 o"kZ igys bl c<+ ds o`{k dks yxk;k x;k FkkA v VIPNET NEWS 8 June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6 varjkZ"Vªh; i`Foh xzg o"kZ 2007&2009 vkt ;g o`{k ,d o`{k u gksdj Lo;a vius vki esa ,d iw.kZ taxy gSA u x;k rks fiefxjh ds bfrgkl dk ;g xokg vkSj ,d izkÑfrd o`{k ds eq[; rus ds vykok lSdM+ksa vU; rus bl o`{k dks Fkkes gq, gSaA vkSj bl /kjksgj dqN gh fnuksa esa lekIr gks tk,xhA o`{k ds uhps [kM+s gksus ij ;g vglkl gksrk gS fd vki ,d taxy esa [kM+s gSA xkao ds dqN LFkkuh; ;qodksa us bl o`{k dks cpkus dh dksf'k'k ij ;g taxy gS ,d o`{k dk ghA vkt ;g o`{k 2 ,dM+ ls T;knk {ks=k esa QSy vkjEHk dj xkao ds yksxksa ds bl izkÑfrd /kjksgj ds izfr tkx:d ,d o`{k dk taxy ¼fofHkUUk fn'kkvksa ls fy, x, fp=k½ pqdk gSA xkao okyks dh ekU;rk gS fd bl o`{k dk ,d iÙkk ;k Vguh rksM+us djus dk vfHk;ku pyk;k gS ftlesa dqN LFkkuh; lapkj laLFkk,a Hkh viuh Hkwfedk ls ml euq"; ;k mlds ifjokj dk vfu"V gks tkrk gSA blh /kkj.kk ls vkt fuHkk jgh gSA gekjh rjQ ls bu lHkh ;qokvksa dks 'kqHkdkeuk,aA ;gka bl o`{k dk lja{k.k gks jgk gS xkao okyksa ds fy, vkt ;g o`{k ,d ifo=k vxj vki ds {ks=k esa Hkh dqN ,sfrgkfld o izkÑfrd /kjksgj gS rks mlds LFkku gSA dbZ yksx ;gka iwtk vpZuk djus Hkh vkrs gaSA o`{k ds eq[; rus ds lkFk ckjs esa gesa rqjUr fy[k Hksft, ^foiusV U;wt+* esa mls vo'; LFkku fn;k tk,xkA gh dbZ nsoh&nsorkvksa dh ewfrZ;ka LFkkfir dj nh xbZ gSaA ;g o`{k vkt ;gka ds ! xkaookfl;ksa ds fy, ,d èkkfeZd LFky gSA Astronomy Puzzle -4 ijUrq vkt ;g o`{k Hkh cnyrh lksp o euq"; ds ykyp dh ekj >sy jgk gSA LFkkuh; yksx vc bl {ks=k esa uxnh Qlysa (Cash crop) yxkus yxs gaAS vr% o`{k ds Åij QSys rukas ls fudyh tM+s tSls gh lkFk ds [ksrksa esa igqaprh gS rks rqjar bu tM+ksa dks ;k rks dkV fn;k tkrk gS ;k tyk fn;k tkrk gSA bl dkj.k vc bl o`{k dk izlkj ;kfu QSyko u ds cjkcj gh gks jgk gSA nwljs] o`{k ls dqN gh nwjh ij ,d NksVk cka/k cuk;k x;k gS vkSj cka/k ds ikuh dk cgko o`{k dh tM+kas ls gksdj xqtjrk gSA ifj.kkeLo:i feV~Vh dk dVko gksrk gSA vkt o`{k dh tM+as ckgj fudy vkbZ gaS vkSj bldk cgqr gh udkjkRed izHkko o`{k dh o`f) ij iM+ jgk gSA fdrus gh rus feV~Vh ds dVko ds dkj.k /kkjk'kkgh gks x, gaS ns[kus ls gh ,slk vuqeku yxk;k tk ldrk gSA vxj cka/k ds ikuh dk jkLrk cny VIPNET NEWS Name of the winners: 1. Mandeep Singh, Bruno Science Club, Khamano, Punjab 2. Doli Bhatia, Mumbai, Maharashtra Congratulations! Winner will received an Astronomy Kit. 9 June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6 International Year of Astronomy 2009 ASTRONOMY PUZZLE 6 fp= igsyh& 39/Photo Quiz - 39 Answers of puzzle are hidden in the box. The answers are either vertical, horizontal, diagonal or in reverse order. " Sample answer is shown in the puzzle. " Last date of receiving correct entries: August 15, 2009. " Winners will get an Astronomy activity kit as a prize. Please send your entries to:Astronomy Puzzle-6, VIPNET News, Vigyan Prasar, A-50, Sector 62, Noida-201 307 " " fp=k dks igpkfu,\ " Identify the picture ? mÙkj izkIr djus dh vafre frfFk% 15 vxLr] 2009 MªkW }kjk p;fur fotsrkvksa dks iqjLdkj Lo:i foKku izlkj ds izdk'ku Hksts tk,¡xsA vius tokc bl irs ij Hkstsa%& Clues 1. An event that occurs when one object is hidden by another foiusV fp=k igsyh & 39] foKku izlkj] ,&50] lsDVj 62] uks,Mk object that passes between it and the observer. 2. An event that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and the Earth so that the Sun is wholly or partially obscured. 3. An event in which Moon covers all the Sun but a bright ring around the circumference can be seen.. 4. An event that occurs when the Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon so that the Moon is wholly or partially obscured sometimes giving orange colour to the moon. 5. The position of two celestial bodies on the celestial sphere when they have the same celestial longitude. 6. A configuration in which Earth lies on a straight line between the sun and a superior planet. 7. The second of two full moons occurring in the same month. 8. Either of two points on the celestial sphere at which the ecliptic intersects the celestial equator. 9. The angular distance between two celestial bodies as seen from Earth. 10. The passage of a smaller celestial body or its shadow across the disk of a larger celestial body. 11. The point nearest the sun in the orbit of a planet or other celestial body. ! Dr. Arvind C. Ranade [email protected] VIPNET NEWS 10 VIPNET Photo Quiz - 39, VIGYAN PRASAR, A-50, Sec. 62, Noida Correct Answer of Photo Quiz 37 Edwin Powell Hubble, was born in the small town of Marshfield, Missouri, USA, on November 29th, 1889. In 1898, His family moved to Chicago, where he attended high school. Young Edwin Hubble had been fascinated by science and mysterious new worlds from an early age. He profoundly changed our understanding of the universe by demonstrating the existence of other galaxies besides our Milky Way. He discovered the red-shift in light coming from a galaxy in proportion to the distance. This became known as Hubble’s law, and would help establish that the universe is expanding. Name of the winner: Varsha Wadhwani, Dhamtari, Cattisgarh, 2. Saroj Ranjan, Brahma, Deogarh, Orissa If you want to know more about Vigyan Prasar, its publications & software, besides the next moves of VIPNET Science Clubs, please write to us at the address given below:Vigyan Prasar A-50, Institutional Area, Sector 62, Noida (U.P.) 201 307 Regd.Office : Technology Bhawan, New Delhi -110 016 Phone : 0120 240 4430, 240 4435 Fax : 0120 240 4437 Email : [email protected] Website : http://www.vigyanprasar.gov.in June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6 Astronomy Activity Cornner Contd... from page 7 Composition of different colors in the Sunlight Objective: Understanding how many colors sunlight have. Material required: prism, pen and notebook. Procedure: 1. Arrange comparatively darker room. 2. Allow very small sunlight to pass in the room; may be through hole. 3. Put the prism across the sunlight. 4. Now look at the darker region of room. 5. You will see the different colors of sunlight. 6. Note down the colors that you have seen. Explanation: The observed sun light always look yellowish in color that is because sun emits maximum light in yellow wavelength/ frequency such light is called as white light. But actually white light is not a single wavelength/frequency in nature, it is a combination of all seven colors viz. red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet As shown in figure Some astrologers may be skilled at fitting astrological omens and portents within our perceptions of reality, but the premises and methods of astrology differ fundamentally from those of science or even social science and carry no scientific validity. References • Adorno T. W. 1994, The Stars Down to Earth and Other Essays on the Irrational in Culture, (London: Routledge) • Caudron D. et al. 1996, The Mars Effect, (London: Prometheus Books) • Boy D. & Michelat G. 1986, Croyances aux parasciences: dimensions sociales et cul-turelles, Revue Française de Sociologie, 43-1, 35-45 • Carlson, S. 1985, A double blind test of astrology, Nature, 318, 419-425 • Fraknoi, A. 1989, Your astrology defense kit, Sky & Telescope, 146-150• Kunth D. & Zarka P. 2005, Astrologie, Que Sais-je no 2481, (Paris: Eds. Presses Universitaire de France) • Peretti-Watel P. 2002, Sous les étoiles, rien de nouveau?, Revue Francaise de Sociologie 43-1, 3-33 Notes Translation from French by Emma-Kate Symons (journalist). English editing by Brooke Sing (writing editor) and the CAPjournal editorial team. *Daniel Kunth is an astrophysicist, a specialist on extragalactic astronomy, mainly in the study of the evolution and formation of galaxies. He dedicates a significant fraction of his time to develop media outreach, give talks and write articles, in particular on the relation between astronomy and astrology. Source: CAP Journal Jan, 2009 ! To conform this, one has to perform above experiment. One can also see the different colours of light on a Compact Disk used in computers made out of very tiny magnetic strips/ grooves whose size is in micron. When sunlight falls on the CD or on this strips/grooves sunlight is get diffracted in different wavelength/frequency and hence we see the different wavelength lights as different colors. Please remember CD can not be prism which can give large angle diffraction. Observations: 1. Ans: Write the colors that you have seen. 2. Ans: Write the colors in a sequence; as they appeared. ! Dr. Arvind C. Ranade [email protected] foiusV iz'ukoyh 156 ds mÙkj ,oa fotsrkvksa ds uke foiusV U;wt+ ds vxys vad esa izdkf'kr fd, tk,axs &laiknd VIPNET NEWS societies. This is again due to the rich and symbolic lexicon of astrology; a birth chart can be interpreted in so many ways as to make impartial and unequivocal analysis impossible. Astrology seduces timelessly, not because it carries the scientific weight of fact or provable hypothesis, but because it places the appearance of order upon an unknowable future. The unbridled commercial exploitation of those seeking answers by those adept at the manipulation of a complex lexicon and a societal need for stability can only be condemned. 11 VIPNET Questionnaire 160 foiusV iz'ukoyh 160 Question 1: What is the Maximum and minimum breath of belt of totality during the eclipse and why? iz'u 1% lw;Z xzg.k ds le; iw.kZ xzg.k iV~Vh dh pkSM+kbZ vf/kdre rFkk U;wure fdruh gks ldrh gS rFkk D;ksa\ Question 2 : why we do not have solar eclipse on every new moon day ? iz'u 2% gj vekoL;k dks lw;Z xzg.k D;ksa ugh gksrk gS\ mÙkj izkIr djus dh vafre frfFk%& 15 vxLr] 2009 MªkW ds }kjk rhu fotsrkvksa dk p;u gksxk vkSj mUgsa iqjLdkj Lo:i foKku izlkj dh iqLrdsa Hksth tk,¡xhA vki vius mÙkj fgUnh ;k vaxt sz h esa bl irs ij Hkst ldrs gaS %& foiusV iz'ukoyh &160] foKku izlkj] ,&50] lsDVj 62] uks,Mk VIPNET Questionnaire -160, VIGYAN PRASAR, A-50, Sector 62, Noida June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6 foKku lqf[kZ;ka ân; jksfx;ksa ds mipkj esa lqij IykfLVd dk mi;ksx tfVy ls tfVy ân; jksfx;ks ds mipkj esa lqij IykfLVd dk iz;ksx ,d mEEkhn ysdj vk;k gSA bl lqij IykfLVd dk mi;ksx gkVZ vVSd ds ejhtksa ds 'kjhj esa yxs fpfdRldh; midj.k esa yxkdj ejhtksa dk bykt fd;k tkrk gSA bl IykfLVd dk fuekZ.k uklk ds oSKkfudksa us varfj{k esa fd, tkus okys vuqla/ kkuksa ds fy, fd;k FkkA ysfdu Hkkjr esa izFke ckj bldk mi;ksx fny ds ejhtksa ds mipkj esa fd;k x;kA lqij IykfLVd ,d lq{e vkdkj dk midj.k gS ftls uklk ds oSKkfudksa us bUlqy's ku eSVsfj;y ls cuk;k gSA bl midj.k dks ân; ds ladqpu ls mRiUUk leL;k gksus ij ân; ds ladqfpr Hkkx dks FkksM+k lk nckdj yxk fn;k tkrk gSA ;g midj.k bysfDVªd iYl NksM+rk gS tks irys rkjksa ds ek/;e ls ân; ds ck,a vkSj nk,a Hkkx esa igaqp tkrk gSA bl izdkj ân; dh ekalsisf'k;ksa dks i;kZIr ÅtkZ fey tkrh gS vkSj og igys dh rjg dk;Z djus yxrk gSA fny dk og jksxh ftls cgqr lkjs ysM ¼[kkl rjg dh ok;j½ izR;kjksfir djus dh t:jr gks mlds fy, ;g cgqr ennxkj lkfcr gks ldrk gSA bl rjg ds irys ysM dks flQZ gYdk lk Nsn djds izR;kjksfir fd;k tk ldrk gS bl iz;ksx ls ltZjh dh dk;Z{kerk esa Hkh dkQh btkQk gqvk gSA SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS Please listen carefully the safety instructions given by the cabin crew. Don’t adjust your seat while lunch or dinner is being served. If you do so please inform the person on your back. “Oh! Relaxed! Yes! Was telling you that according to Newton’s law, a thing will remain stationary until and unless some external force is applied. Scientoon by: Pradeep K. Srivastava, [email protected] How far can you see on a clear day? oSdfYid rdZ dkWfLed fdj.kksa dks irk yxkus ds fy, NksMk x;k fo'kky cSywu LohMu ds oSKkfudksa us dkWfLed fdj.kksa ds ckjs esa foLr`r tkudkjh gkfly djus ds fy, varfj{k dh lrg ij ,d nSR;kdkj cSywu NksM+k gSA 396 QqV yacs vkSj 459 QqV pkSM+s bl cSywu dk Msykokjs fo'ofo|ky; ds Nk=kksa us cuk;k gSA bl fo'kkydk; cSyuw ds mM+us dh xfr 40 ukWfVdy gS vkSj bldk ,YVhV~;wM yxHkx 27 ehy gSA dkWfLed fdj.kksa esa vfr mPPk ÅtkZ iSnk djus okys bysDVªkWu vkSj izksVªkWu gksrs gSA tSls gh ;g gekjs okrkoj.k esa izos'k djrk gS bldk dsUnz dk Hkkj cgqr T;knk gks tkrk gS T;knkrj dkWfLed fdj.ksa vkdk'kxaxk esa lqijuksok foLQksV ds le; vkrh gSA buls fudyus okys jsfM,'ku dbZ rjg dh fcekfj;ksa dk dkj.k gaSA oSKkfudksa }kjk NksMs+ x, bl cSyuw esa nks rjg dss ghfy;e dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA 93 Million miles...From here to the Sun xksyw dh lksp Nk;k dk D;k jax gS\ ^Nk;k* fdl jax dh gksrh gS\ dkyh] xzs ¼/kwlj½] Hkwjh ;k vU; fdlh jax dh\ bl iz'u dk tokc ;fn iwNk tk, rks gj O;fDr dk mÙkj vyx&vyx gksxkA gky essa gh DohUlysM ;wfuoflZVh vkWQ VsDuksykWth esa dk;Zjr izks- LVhQu MCyw- g;wtl us vius iz;ksx es ek/;e ls izLrqr fd;k fd lkekU;r% Nk;k dk jax lkQ vkdk'k esa gYdk uhyk gksrk gSA bl iz;ksx dks djus ds fy, iw.kZ lw;Z izdk'k esa] lQsn jax ds ,&4 lkbt isij dk QksVks] fMthVy dSejs dh enn ls fy;k x;kA fQj Nk;k QksVks lkQ fp=kadu% ekulh esokM+h vkdk'k esa fy;k x;kA bu QksVksxkz Dl dk fo'ys"k.k ^best ts* lk¶Vos;j ds ekè;e ls djus ij irk pyk fd iw.kZ lw;Z izdk'k esa ,oa Nk;k esa yky] gjs vkSj uhys izdk'k dk vkSlru fiDly 0-3] 0-32] 0-38 vkSj 0-2] 0-3] 0-5 vk;kA ftuls ;g Kkr gks ldk fd lkQ vkdk'k esa Nk;k dk jax gYdk uhyk gksrk gSA izLrqfr% dfiy f=ikBh [email protected] Published and Printed by Mrs. K. Dasgupta Misra on behalf of Vigyan Prasar, C-24, Qutab Institutional Area, New Delhi-110 016 Printed at Multi Colour Services, 92a, DSIDC Shed, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-I, New Delhi - 110 020 VIPNET NEWS 12 Editor : B. K. Tyagi Associate Editor : Nimish Kapoor Contributors : Kapil Tripathi, Dr. Arvind C. Ranade, Navneet Gupta Layout & design : Suman Pal June 2009 / Vol. 7 / No. 6