Download UNIVERSAL/STANDARD PRECAUTIONS BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS Michigan Department of Community Health

UNIVERSAL/STANDARD
PRECAUTIONS
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
Michigan Department of Community Health
Bureau of Laboratories
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What is Universal Precautions?
• OSHA’s required method of control to
protect employees from exposure to all
human blood and other potentially
infectious materials.
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Observing “Universal Precautions”
means you consider all human blood
and certain human fluids infectious for
all bloodborne pathogens.
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Universal Precautions
(continued)
• Perform all tasks using safe work practices
• Use appropriate personal protective
equipment.
• Use engineering controls
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Most Common Route of
Exposure
• Sharps
– Lancets
– Broken Glass
– Needles
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The bloodborne pathogens that
pose the most serious health risks
• Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
• Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
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Bloodborne Pathogens
(continued)
• Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for
all health care workers
• No FDA approved vaccine exists to prevent
HCV or HIV infection
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Who is at risk for sharps injury?
•
•
•
•
Workers performing fingersticks
Lab workers
Housekeepers/janitorial staff
Medical waste contractor
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Work practices that increase the
risk of a sharps injury
•
•
•
•
Recapping needles
Transferring a body fluid between containers
Opening blood tubes
Failing to dispose of used sharps properly in
a puncture-proof sharps container
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How can you I protect myself from
occupational exposure to blood and
sharps injuries?
• Assume all blood and body fluids to be infectious
• Always use safe work practices, required PPE, and
safety devices
• Do not eat, drink or apply cosmetics in the work area
• Avoid the use of needles and lancets if safe and
effective alternatives are available
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Protect Yourself (continued)
• Help your employer select and evaluate devices with
safety features that reduce the risk of sharps injuries
• Use devices with safety features provided by your
employer
• Plan for safe handling and disposal of any sharps
and other infectious waste before using them
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Protect Yourself (continued)
• Promptly dispose of used sharps in appropriate sharps
disposal containers
• Report all occupational exposures promptly to ensure that you
receive appropriate follow-up care
• Tell your employer about real or potential hazards you observe
• Participate in training related to infection prevention
• Get a Hepatitis B vaccination
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Safe Work Habits for HIV Testing
Providers
• Use disposal gloves and change gloves after contact
with each client
• Wash hands and other skin surfaces immediately
and thoroughly if contaminated with blood
• Place contaminated sharps after use in a sharps
container
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Safe Work Habits (continued)
• Place all contaminated waste in an appropriately
labeled container and transport in a leak proof,
puncture-proof outer container
• Disinfect all work surfaces and items before and
after testing with 10% bleach solution or EPA
approved disinfect
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Handling Occupational
Exposures
• Employee should immediately report the
expose to a supervisor
• Immediately wash skin with soap and water
• Apply first aid to the wound
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Occupational Exposure
(continued)
• Use Occupational Health Service for immediate
treatment and counseling (Employee may decline
treatment but must sign a wavier)
• Collect a baseline serum
• Source blood tested for HIV/HBV/HCV
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Occupational Exposure
(continued)
• Written Investigation of exposure
• Record on sharps injury log and
MIOSHA form 300
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Record Keeping Requirements
• Written Exposure Control Plan for Bloodborne
Pathogens
• Review Safe Needle Devices Annually
• Sharps injury Log
• MIOSHA Form 300
• MIOSHA Form 300A
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References
• Bloodborne infectious Diseases, MIOSHA, Part 553,
R 325.70001-R 325.70018
www.michigan.gov/mioshastandards
• www.michigan.gov/mdchlab
• Clinical Laboratory Safety; Approved Guidelines –
Second Edition, CLSI, GP17-A2
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