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APPENDIX 6: MEC
5 OF ACTION
Overview
In this Appendix there are 3 art@ies. These articles provide a basic understanding of the
mechanism of how HCA works.
The first article is by John Lowenstein of Brandeis University who was one of the key figures
in the early research conductad on HCA. The article entitled “Experiments with
Hydroxycitrate” is an overview of much of his:work. His important conclusion 4s that the
citrate Gleavago pathway is tbe+major Source of carbon for the synthesis of fatty acid in rat.
Proving that hypothesis was made possible by using the knowledge that (-)-hydroxycitrate is
an inhibitor of citrate cleavage enzyme.
The second article entitled “Tricarbaliylate and Hydroxycitrate: Substrate and inhibitor of ATP:
Citrate Oxaloacetate Lyase” fs &r investigation into the activity of the citrate Cleavage
enzyme. The study was also oonducted by Lowenstein and his colleagues at Brsndeis
University. It provides evidencethat the (-)-isomer of hydroxyoitrate is indeed an inhibitor of
citrate cleavage enzyme
The third study presented in this Appendix was fed by Harry Preuss of Georgetowh University
Medical Centre’and is an investigation of the effects of a natural extract of (7)hydroxycitric
acid alone and in combination v$th other’natural ingredients on weight loss. The study was
conducted under controlled circumstan+
on 88 moderately obese subjects. The findings
after 8 weeks of HCA s~pple~~ntat~on were that appetite, Body Mass Index, total cholesterol,
low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides and serum leptin levels were signif~~,aflt~yreduced, while
high density lipoprotein level$.and excretion of urinary fat metaboltteshad increased. In effect,
HCA wasshown to be a usefifi aid in a diet regime while it also ~o~~~buted to healthy blood
lipid profiles.
These three articles are representativsof
the effects of HCA.
many other studies that have been conducted on
INDEX
Ill
Page
Experiments With (-)-Hydrqycitrate
John M Lowenstein
125
Page
Tdcarbaijylate And Hydr$xycftrat&: Substrate And lrihibktor Of .4tp Citrate
Oxaioacetate Lyase
John A Watson, Marie Fang and.John M Lower&&n
135
Page
Effects of a natural extract of (~)-hyd~xycttrjc add (HCA-SX) and a combtnation of HCA43X plus
niacin-bound chromium and G&tnn&na sylvesk extract on weight lose
H. G. Preuss,l D. Bagchi,Z k Bagchi,Z C. V. S. Rao.3 D. K. D&y4 and S, Satyanarayana 5-l
Page 110