Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Quantium Medical Cardiac Output wikipedia , lookup
Management of acute coronary syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Coronary artery disease wikipedia , lookup
Lutembacher's syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Antihypertensive drug wikipedia , lookup
Myocardial infarction wikipedia , lookup
Dextro-Transposition of the great arteries wikipedia , lookup
The Circulatory System Function • It’s main function is Transportation • Blood is used as a transport vehicle – transports oxygen, nutrients, cell waste (such as Carbon dioxide), hormones and antibodies vital to maintaining homeostasis to and from cells Parts of the Circulatory System • Divided into three major parts: – The Heart – The Blood Vessels – The Blood The Major Organ-The Heart • Heart acts as pump • The heart pumps 60-80 beats per minute (at rest) • At REST, the heart pumps about 5 QUARTS of blood a minute. • During EXTREME EXERTION (exercise) it can pump 40 quarts a minute. Structure • Size of your fist • Large organ composed of – cardiac muscle--called myocardium – Enclosed by a sac –called PERICARDIUM – rich in mitochondria – 4 hollow chambers – Contain valves to keep blood flowing in ONE direction The pathway looks like a circle • The heart, the lungs, and the blood vessels work together to form the circle part of the circulatory system. The Chambers • The heart has 4 hollow chambers • Upper chambers – atrium receives blood coming in from the veins – Left & right Atrium • Lower chambers - ventricle squeezes blood out into the arteries – Left & right ventricle http://hes.ucf.k12.pa.us/gclaypo/circdia.html Double Pump • The two ventricles are responsible for the pumping action of the heart • Each chamber pumps blood out of the heart but to different pathways • That is why the heart is considered to be a double pump 3 Kinds of Circulation: • Pulmonary circulation • Coronary circulation • Systemic circulation Pulmonary Circulation • Movement of blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart again Pulmonary Circulation Pathway 1. The right Atria receives oxygen poor blood from the body. 2. blood moves to the right ventricle where it is pumped out to the lungs via pulmonary arteries 3. O₂ is exchanged for CO₂ 4. Oxygen rich blood now leaves lungs and returns to the heart sln.fi.edu/biosci/systems/ pulmonary.html Systemic Circulation Supplies nourishment to all of the tissue located throughout the body , except for the heart and lungs THIS IS THE LARGEST PATHWAY OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM! Systemic Circulation Pathway • Oxygen rich blood returning from the lungs now enters the left atrium • Moves through the valves to the left ventricle • The left ventricle pumps the oxygen rich blood out the Aorta • The blood is then carried from aorta to blood vessels delivering oxygen and nutrients to ALL tissues of the body • Blood returns (oxygen poor) back to right http://users.tpg.com.au/users/amcgann/body/circulatory.html Coronary Circulation • Coronary arteries branch immediately off the aorta and provide blood to the heart tissue http://sln.fi.edu/biosci2/systems/ http://sln.fi.edu/biosci/systems/systemic.html Blood Vessels Hollow tubes that circulate your blood • Arteries • Veins • Capillaries Arteries • • • • • • Carry blood AWAY from the heart Heart pumps blood Main artery called the aorta Aorta divides and branches Many smaller arteries Each region of your body has system of arteries supplying it with fresh, oxygen-rich blood. Capillaries • • • • Very thin Only one cell thick Connect arteries & veins Food and oxygen released to the body cells • Carbon dioxide and other waste products returned to the bloodstream Veins • Carry blood to the heart • Receive blood from the capillaries • Transport waste-rich/ oxygen-poor blood back to the lungs and heart • Valves are located inside the veins • Allow blood to move in one direction http://sln.fi.edu/biosci/systems/circulation.html How do the nutrients, gases and such get into and out of the capillaries? Overview of Blood Vessels http://users.tpg.com.au/users/amcgann/body/circulatory.html Blood composition • Plasma • RBC • WBC • Platelets • O₂ • CO₂ • Nutrients • Antibodies • Hormones Blood • Carries nutrients, water, oxygen and waste products to and from your body cells. • Hemoglobin, iron containing molecule • Loosely picks up oxygen in the lungs • Loses oxygen in areas low in oxygen (diffuses) Blood • • • • Hemoglobin carries CO2 also CO2 is a waste product of cellular work 70% of CO2 combines with water The rest travels to the lungs Blood – RBCs • Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to all the cells of the body. • Takes carbon dioxide and transports it back to the lungs • About 5,000,000 Red Blood Cells in ONE drop of blood. http://hes.ucf.k12.pa.us/gclaypo/circdia.html Blood – WBCs • White blood cells protect the body from germs • Attack and destroy germs when they enter the body scienceu.fsu.edu www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual_home/ illus/167i2.htm Blood – Platelets and Plasma • Platelets are blood cells that help stop bleeding • Plasma is the liquid part of the blood • About half of your blood is made of plasma • The plasma carries the blood cells throughout the body • Plasma is made in the liver. user.gru.net/clawrence/ vccl/chpt7/plate.htm SUMMARY copy and complete the following; away Arteries take blood ______ from the heart. The walls of an artery are muscular made up of thick _________ walls and elastic fibres. Veins carry blood towards capillaries ________ the heart and also have valves. The _________ link arteries and veins, and have a one cell thick wall. Blood is made up of four main plasma things ______, the liquid part of the blood; Red Blood Cells to carry oxygen ______; White Blood cells to protect the body from disease and platelets _________ to help blood clot. Some Disorders and Diseases of the Circulatory System DISORDERS • ATHEROSCLEROSIS – Fatty deposits called plaque – Builds up in walls of arteries – Obstructs flow – Also a risk if clot breaks free and blocks flow elsewhere Disorders (cont) • Hypertension – High blood pressure – Hearts works harder than necessary – Increases risk of heart attack or stroke Disorders (cont) • Heart Attack – Atherosclerosis in coronary artery – Heart muscle begins to die • Symptoms – Nausea – Shortness of breath – Severe chest pain IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION NECESSARY Disorders (cont) • Stroke – Blood clot gets stuck in blood vessels leading to brain – Brain cells die due to lack of oxygen • Or blood vessel burst – Can lead to paralysis, • loss of ability to speak • death