Download Animal Science

Introduction to Animal Science
Chapter 1
Why Are Animals Important?
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Live with them
Worship
Consume
Admire
Fear
Love
Care
Depend
• Part of Our
– Sustenance
– Sociology
– Day-to-Day Loves
Animal Science
• Branch of study deals with domestic animals.
• Everyone in the world depends on animals in
one way or another
• Animals Domestication was the 1st major step
toward civilization
Domestication
• Domestic- plants or animals controlled by
humans
– 1st domesticated animal was the dog according to
DNA sequencing technology
• 14,000 years ago
• Hunters and Gatherers
• After this convenience was the reason for
domestication
Categories
• Genetics- application for animals selection and
improving the next generation.
• Nutrition- deals with feeding of animals. Combines
feed and feed management.
• Physiology- study of body systems and how they work.
• Animal Health- how diseases, parasites and
environmental factors affecting productivity and
welfare.
Categories cont.
• Ethology- study of animals behavior.
• Meat Science- deals with handling, distribution, and
marketing of finished meat products.
• Dairy Product Science- collection, handling, and marketing
of milk.
• Biotechnology- technology application of the study of life.
• There is an overlap in areas.
Animal Distribution
• Reasons for Low Productivity
– Unfavorable climatic environments
– Prevalence of diseases and parasites
– Genetically inferior livestock
– Poor management
– Sociological factors
• Reasons for Keeping Animals
– Food/Body coverings
– Cultural needs
Contribution
• World’s People consumption
– Plants 83.6%
• Most Affordable throughout the world
– Animals 16.4%
• In developed countries the numbers increase
• U.S. 24%
• Most important source of protein, supplying 37.2% of
protein throughout the world.
– U.S. 63%
Animal Distribution
• Nutrient Density- measurement of the
nutrients provided in food compared to the
calories it contains. “Nutrients vs. Calories”
• Diet- the total of the foods and water being
consumed by an individual of groups.
– Country’s living standards can be identified by the
amount of animal in their diet
• Most nutritionally complete foods essential amino
acids
– Amino acids required by the body
Animal Distribution
• 40% of U.S Food supply comes from livestock
and aquatic animals
• 3rd world countries eat 64% of the U.S daily
calories
• 14% of the World is undernourished.
Other Uses
• Clothing- wool, feathers, fibers, hides
• Manure- value, $10 billion in U.S.
• Slaughter- insecticides, crayons, cosmetics,
plastic, cellophane, glass, water filter, plywood
adhesive, soap, feed.
Diversified Agriculture
• Animals convert inedible feeds to valuable
products
• 2/3rds of feed are not edible to humans
• More stable and more profitable.