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Transcript
Overview What is SQL Server? Creating databases Administration Security Backup What is SQL Server? Database management software Own file structure Own logins Own security Access through 2 main ways: Query Analyzer Enterprise Manager What is SQL Server? Consists of 3 Services: MSSQLServer SQL Server Agent Data & query processing Scheduled jobs & alerts Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator Handles data from multiple sources Logging In Windows NT Authentication SQL Server Authentication Query Analyzer Command-based interface Complete access to SQL Server Useful for creating scripts Enterprise Manager Graphical User Interface Often more intuitive Easier to visualize Viewing Available Databases Query Analyzer Execute sp_helpdb system stored procedure Viewing Available Databases Enterprise Manager Expand Databases folder Creating a Database Enterprise Manager Right-click Database folder Select New Database… Demonstration Creating medical database Set growth and file size options Transaction Log Records data modifications Rolls forward completed transactions Rolls back incomplete transactions Data Types At least 25 data types char, int, float uniqueidentifier, datetime, image Can define own data types User-Defined Data Types Based on existing data types Created with sp_addtype system stored procedure Creating Tables Query Analyzer Creating Tables Enterprise Manager Right-click Tables Click New Table… Creating Tables Enterprise Manager (cont.) Choose name Creating Tables Enterprise Manager (cont.) Create columns Demonstration Creating tables for medical database Product Patient Usage Constraints Maintain data integrity Domain Integrity Entity Integrity Referential Integrity Constraints (cont.) Primary Key Foreign Key Entity Integrity Referential Integrity CHECK Constraint Domain Integrity Add Primary Key Query Analyzer Add Primary Key Enterprise Manager Right-click column of interest Set Primary Key Add Foreign Keys Query Analyzer Add CHECK Query Analyzer View Constraints Query Analyzer Execute sp_helpconstraint system stored procedure Rules Specify allowed values for columns Example Allowed states: PA, WV, OH Creating Rules Query Analyzer Create rule with CREATE RULE statement Bind rule with sp_bindrule system stored procedure Unbind with sp_unbindrule Create Rules Enterprise Manager Input only rule name and definition Create Rules Enterprise Manager (cont.) Bind rule Open rule properties Creating Rules Enterprise Manager (cont.) Bind Rule (cont.) Click Bind Columns… on Rule Properties Select table and column Inserting Data Query Analyzer Use INSERT statement Inserting Data Enterprise Manager Right-click table name Select Open Table ► Return all rows Inserting Data Enterprise Manager (cont.) Type values as needed Stored Procedures Collection of SQL statements Can accept variables Can be used for security Users can be granted right to use stored procedure, even if they do not have access to underlying tables Creating Stored Procedures Query Analyzer Use CREATE PROCEDURE statement Define variables as @variable_name Using Stored Procedures Use EXEC procedure_name Pass values by reference or position Transactions Process statements as a group Must be committed “All-or-nothing” – All statements are committed or none are If interrupted, transaction is rolled back automatically Transactions Query Analyzer Use BEGIN TRANSACTION and COMMIT TRANSACTION statements Use ROLLBACK TRANSACTION to cancel Transaction Example Committed transaction Rolled back transaction Interrupted transaction Views Specify how data is seen Focus data Security Grant permissions on Views Creating Views Query Analyzer Use CREATE VIEW statement Creating Views Enterprise Manager Add tables Views Enterprise Manager (cont.) Select column names Enter Aliases Security User Management Roles Logins Users Program Security Roles Operations that members of role can perform Users are assigned roles Creating Roles Type Role name Select Standard Role Creating Roles Open Role properties Click Permissions button Creating Roles Set allowed actions Table actions Allowed Views Allowed Stored Procedures Logins Allow users to log in to SQL Server Defined under Security folder Creating Logins Input Login name Set password Set defaults Creating Logins Choose allowed databases Select Roles Users Who is allowed to access database Role user has Setting Users Only necessary if you did not set during login creation Program Security SQL Server Home Page http://www.microsoft.com/sql News, tips, & tools Program Security Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer (MBSA) Runs under Windows 2000 or XP Checks program settings & security patches Useful for many Microsoft programs, including SQL Server 7.0 and 2000 Program Security MBSA can be downloaded at: http://www.microsoft.com/technet/treeview/default.asp ?url=/technet/security/tools/Tools/mbsahome.asp Backup Create Backup Device Container for your database Schedule Backup jobs Creating a Backup Device Enterprise Manager Look under Management folder Creating a Backup Device Enterprise Manager (cont.) Set name Set location Backing Up Back up and restore from Databases folder Backing Up Select your backup device as the Destination Set a schedule if desired Check Jobs Check backup jobs under SQL Server Agent under the Management folder Thank you! Slides and scripts available at: http://visc.sis.pitt.edu Look for “Tutorials and Resources” Any questions?