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Depth= .25 in. Sand
Blue: Before
Red: After
Blue Background:
Width
By Emily B. and Rachel W.
Depth= .5 in. Grainy Sand
KEY:
Depth= 1.7 in. Sand
2. Depth= 1.5 in. Small pebbles/sand
2-4 Length= 119 in.
3. Depth= .5 in. Fine Sand
Green
Background:
Depth and
sediment type
1-3 Width=77 in.
1-3 Width= 77 in.
1. 
Depth = 6 in. Grainy Sand
Depth= 2.25 in. Clay
6. Depth= 1.75 in. Fine Sand
Depth= 5.5 in. Clay
9. Depth= 2.5 in. Clay
Depth (above dam)= 9 in. Clay w/
decomposing material
Depth (below dam)= 10.25 in. Clay
w/organic material and pebbles
12. Depth= 1.75 in. Thick Mud
Depth= 4 in. Fine Sand w/ organic Material
Depth= 2.5 in. Sand + Clay w/ pebbles
4. Depth= 3.75 in. Clay w/pebbles
5-6 Width= 77 in.
5-6 Width= 85 in.
Depth= 1 in. Clay
4-7 Length= 96 in.
5. Depth= .5 in. Fine Sand
Depth= .5 in. Clay/ Fine Sand
7-10 Length= 92 in.
7. Depth= 2.2 in. Grainy Sand
8-9 Width= 64 in.
8-9 Width= 67 in.
Depth (above dam)= 7 in. Grainy Sand
Depth (below dam)= 3 in. Grainy Sand
8. Depth= .25 in. Very Fine Sand
Depth (above dam)= 2 in. Clay
11-12 Width= 64 in.
10. Depth= 3.9 in. Clay w/pebbles
Dam
Depth= .5 in. Clay/ Sand
15. Depth= 1.2 in. Grainy Sand
Depth= .5 in. Grainy Sand/ lg. Pebbles
11-12 Width= 58 in.
Depth= 2.7 in. Fine Sand
10-13 Length= 124 in.
Depth (below dam)= 1.25 in. Clay w/debris
11. Depth= 1 in. Chunky Clay
Depth= 12.25 in. Grainy Sand w/
organic material
13. Depth= 3 in. Almost
Clay
14-15 Width= 58.5 in.
14-15 Width= 46 in.
Depth= 1.5 in. Very Grainy Sand
16. Depth= 1.25 in. Grainy Sand
17-18 Width= 87in.
18. Depth= .25 in. Big Pebbles/Grainy
Sand
Depth= 2 in. Clay/Very Fine Sand
Depth= 2.5 in. Fine Sand
17-18 Width= 84 in
21. Depth= 1.1 in. Thick Smooth Sand
20-21 Width= 111 in.
20-21 Width= 108 in.
19. Depth = 3 in. Grainy Sand
13-16 Length= 83 in.
14. Depth= 11 in. Grainy Sand
Depth= 5 in. Fine Sand/Clay
17. Depth= 5.2 in. Fine Sand
Depth= 8.5 in. Clay w/ organic
Material
20. Depth= 2.25 in. Clay
16-19 Length= 86 in.
A Day as
A Beaver
Medicinal Plants and Pharmacology
By: Mike Bernstein
Introduction
During my stay at Governors Institute of Vermont, I researched and
experimented with the medicinal uses of plants as well as the pharmacology. I looked into both
beneficial and harmful effects of local plants. To start my research, I would name a common ailment
that I get while backpacking. I then researched the plants that have the medicinal properties to cure
this illness. I would then select one of these plants that are found locally to research in depth. I would
identify this plant in Centennial Woods and create a poultice or tea from its roots, leaves, or flower
and “guinea pig” my product. Later, while on campus, I researched the pharmacology of the plant and
specifically what where the chemical properties it contained and how it affected the body.
Poison Ivy
Milk Thistle
Although poison ivy has no beneficial medicinal purposes, however, it
has an interesting pharmacology. Poison Ivy leaves are shinny because
they contain the Urushiol Oil which if you brush up against it will transfer
to your skin and be absorbed within two and three hours. Urushiol Oil
binds to the skin membrane it is metabolized into a quinone derivative.
Although this is not actually harmful your immune system doesn’t
recognize these cells as apart of your body and body and rejects it. This
is when the rash is created. The rash will subside generally after two
week and usually leaves no permanent scars. The jewel weed (as seen
bellow) is said to counter-act the Urushiol and should be rubbed on the
spot of contact to Poison Ivy. There is not much information on this
because there is not enough evidence to confirm Jewelweed as a
legitimate antidote. Although, I have observed its effectiveness when I
accidentally brushed against poison ivy, began to itch and jewel weed
subsided all itching. Poison Ivy can be identified by having three shinny
leaves and relatively short. Jewel weed is also know as touch-me-not
and has the little pods that pop upon touching them.
The seeds from Milk Thistle may be eaten as food but they also serve a
much purpose. If ingested, they may repair and protect the liver. The
seed extract contains Silymarin which blocks toxins from entering the
liver. The liver is the only organ I nthe body that can regenerate itself
and Silymarin helps by stimulating the production of protein which builds
up the liver.
Red Clover
Red Clover can be used to cure athletes foot, burns and ulcers. With this
plant I created a poultice which requires a couple specimens and mortar
and pestle. You mash up the plant and apply it to the irritated area. The
plant itself can be eaten but its more tangible if its boil before eating. It
contains lots of protein.
Rose Hips
Rose Hips have the ablility to prevent and cure scurvy. You can eat
the skin and flesh from around the seed filled center. This contains a
lot of Vitamin C which is crucial for your immune system. Vitamin C
fights off lots of diseases, scurvy being on of them.
Queen Anne’s Lace
The roots of the tea can be drank as a tea and that will serve as
bacterial. The seeds may also be eaten as a contraceptive. The seeds
may prevent the sperm from fertilizing the egg.
Dandelion
Dandelions are a very common plant but actually serve a lot of
medicinal purposes. It can be used as a weigh loss plan, its fully
edible, and can clear Urinary Track issues. Dandelion extract
stimulates bile production which increases your metabolism rate. In
emergency all parts of the plant can be eaten.
How are other animals effected by the
activity of beavers?
By Simon Butler
One of the many beaver dams
Raccoon ( Procyon Lotor )
Stealth cam in action
Topic/question: During my week at GIV I researched the
benefits other animals gain from the activity of beavers in a
particular environment.
Raccoon front paw print Photo by
Simon Butler
Process/field work: To actively research the animals that
were benefiting from the beavers abandoned dam, I had to
research the art of tracking. When I understood the
fundamentals of tracking ( finding water sources, food
sources, trails and prints), I set about finding tracks. I set up a
stealth camera to obtain pictures of these animals but it was
less than successful (as seen above ).
White Tail Deer ( Odocoileus
Virinianus )
Results: The most common and abundant tracks that I found
were raccoon, and deer tracks.
Hypothesis: After researching the behavior and ideal habitats
for these two animals I came to a hypothesis. The beaver dam
creates a body of still water, in which many organisms such as
crawfish, frogs, and assorted plants can live. These organisms
provide a excellent food source for raccoons and deer.
Raccoon rear paw print Photo by
Simon Butler
White tail deer hoof print
Photo by James Caswell
Restrict recreational vehicle use, walking, and venturing from original trails
Respect nature and manage issues that negatively impact the environment
Continuing research to assess the severity of potential threats
SOLUTIONS
CONCLUSION
Centennial Woods maintains a healthy ecosystem. New trees are found near the site of deceased trees, which shows the healthy process of succession occurring. Porcupine Beaver POTENTIAL
DAMAGE
Tree Identification Tipping: tree turns over from roots Tree Plots
Soil Core and
Characteristics
METHODS
Human Research Worms Burl Wood: a fast growing abnormal growth due to environmental stress and damage Asian Long‐Horned beetle: They cause damage to trees. Once their presence has been detected the trees are destroyed to stop the spread. ROOTS OF PROBLEMS
Weather Pine Weevil: wood‐
boring beetle Erosion: the process by which the surface of the earth is worn away Weak Branch Unions: weak branches attached to a tree