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Bahan kajian pada MK. PSDAL KONSERVASI SUMBERDAYA ALAM DAN LINGKUNGAN Diabstraksikan oleh: Soemarno, psdl-ppsub - Malang 2013 KONSERVASI ENERGI HUKUM KONSERVASI ENERGI Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it may be transformed from one form into another, but the total amount of energy never changes. APA ITU ENERGI ? • “the ability to do work” • The combination of energy and matter make up the universe: – Matter is substance, and energy is the mover of substance. Bagaimana Pembagian Energi? All Energy Potential Energy Gravitation Potential Energy Elastic Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Chemical Potential Energy Potential Kinetic • energy of position or energy in storage. • energy of motion, the form capable of doing work – Water behind a dam – Hammer over head – Food on the plate – Flowing water – A falling hammer – Electrons regenerating ATP in a bio’l cell PE = mgh • m = mass (kg) • h = height (m) • g = accel due to gravity – (9.8 m/s2) Energi Potensial Gravitasi o Potential energy due to an object’s position Don’t look down, Rover! Good boy! o P.E. = mass x height x gravity Apa itu Energi Potensial? o Energy that is stored and waiting to be used later Apa itu Energi Potensial Elastik? o Potential energy due compression or expansion of an elastic object. Notice the ball compressing and expanding Apa itu Energi Kinetik ? o Energy an object has due to its motion o K.E. = .5 (mass x speed2) KE = 1/2 m 2 v • 4 kg bowling ball at 10 m/s • = .5 (4kg) (10m/s)2 • = 200 J • .25 kg baseball at 50 m/s • = .5 (.25kg) (50 m/s)2 • = 312 J Diunduh dari: …………. 27/12/2012 Work = Usaha = Kerja • is equal to the force that is exerted times the distance over which it is exerted. • W=Fxd • The unit of work combines the unit of force (N) with the unit of distance (m) • Newton-meter (N-m) aka Joule. Diunduh dari: …………. 27/12/2012 You carry a 20 kg suitcase upstairs, a distance of 4m. How much work did you do? • W=Fxd • F = ma = (20 kg) (10m/s2) = 200 N • W=Fxd = (200 N) (4m) = 800 J Diunduh dari: …………. 27/12/2012 Power = Daya = Kekuatan • measures the rate of work done. • or the rate at which energy is expended. • Power is the amount of work done, divided by the time it takes to do it. • Power (watts) = work (joules) / time (sec) • P = W/t Diunduh dari: …………. 27/12/2012 Enam macam bentuk energi 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Energi Mekanik Thermal (heat) energy electromagnetic energy electrical energy Energi Nuklir Energi Kimia Diunduh dari: …………. 27/12/2012 Apa sumber energi bagi kita? The source of practically all our energy is the Sun. Diunduh dari: …………. 27/12/2012 Apakah Energi MEkanik? o Energy due to a object’s motion (kinetic) or position (potential). The bowling ball has mechanical energy. When the ball strikes the pins, mechanical energy is transferred to the pins! Diunduh dari: …………. 27/12/2012 Apa itu Energi Electromagnetik ? o Light energy o Includes energy from gamma rays, xrays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays, microwave and radio bands Apa itu energi listrik ? o Energi yang disebabkan oleh pergerakan elektron o Easily transported through power lines and converted into other forms of energy Apa itu Energi Thermal ? o Heat energy o The heat energy of an object determines how active its atoms are. A hot object is one whose atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid movement. A cooler object's molecules and atoms will show less movement. Diunduh dari: …………. 27/12/2012