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Kingdoms in North Eastern Africa:
The Nile River Valley
Instructions:
Read the power-point on Kingdoms in North Eastern Africa and answer the
following questions on a separate piece of paper.
1. Name the three African kingdoms that were located in the Nile River
Valley.
2. Why did kingdoms arose in the Nile River Valley. State 3 reasons.
3. Permanent settlements grew into regional states and some of these
states united into two states and became known as _____________
& ______________.
4. Explain the difference between Black Land and Red Land.
5. Most ancient Egyptians worked as field hands, farmers, craftsmen and
____________________.
6. The people of ancient Egypt built __________ homes in villages and
in the country.
7. The most powerful person in ancient Egypt was the pharaoh =
_______________.
8. The pharaoh was the political and religious leader of the Egyptian
people, holding the titles: '_________________________' and
'___________________________’.
9. As 'Lord of the Two Lands' the pharaoh was the ruler of Upper and
Lower Egypt. He owned all of the ___________, made _________,
__________________, and defended Egypt against ____________.
10. The most famous of all ancient Egyptian scripts is ______________.
However, throughout three thousand years of ancient Egyptian
civilization, at least three other scripts were used for different
purposes. Using these scripts, scribes were able to do what?
11. The Rosetta Stone is a stone with writing on it in two languages:
__________ and _________.
12. Name the three scripts on the Stone and state what each was used
for.
13. There are about _______ pyramids known today from ancient Egypt.
The three largest and best-preserved of these were built at
________ at the beginning of the Old Kingdom.
14. The most well-known of these pyramids was built for the pharaoh
____________. It is known as the '_____________________.'
15. The ancient Egyptians believed that ___________ were the homes
of the gods and goddesses.
16. When early Egyptians buried their dead in small pits, what did the
sand do?
17. What is mummification?
18. Complete the following:
I.Old Kingdom (Age of _____________)
- 2780-2108 B.C.
- Pharaohs had all ______________ power
- The Pharaoh was a __________ and rented out land to the
_________.
- Pyramids were built to _____________.
- ______________ told the Pharaoh’s story
- ___________: Monument that has a body of a lion and head of a
man (pharaoh). It represents the pharaoh as Ra, the sun god.
Declined:
- Collected taxes, but ___________ were still too costly
- Pharaoh began to lose authority to nobles, who gained more
authority over _________ (provinces)
- __________ failed and people suffered.
II.Middle Kingdom (Age of the ____________)
• 2100-1788 B.C.
• A noble named __________________ became pharaoh
• He gave power back to the ___________
• Moved capital to _________
• Arts and literature flourished
• Successful war against ___________
• Trade was successful
• Declined:
• Weak dynasties
• _____________ destroyed temples, and burned cities.
III. New Kingdom (Age of the ____________)
• 1580-1090 B.C.
• Egyptian pharaohs drove out ____________
• The Egyptians created a standing army of __________,
____________ and _______________
• ______________: Was a powerful female pharaoh, who expanded
trade; time of peace; built a pyramid in Valley of the Kings. It is
believed that her step-son (Thytmose) murdered her, and he led
military campaigns that ended the peace.
• Declined:
• Small invasions
• A peace treaty between the Hittites and ____________ caused
Egypt to lose some dominance
• Fell under ______________
• _______________ occupied Egypt and Cleopatra became the last
pharaoh
• Defeated in a naval battle against Rome and became part of the
_____________ Empire
19. People of Axum lived in the ___________ highlands near the Red
_______.
20. The Aksumites controlled one of the most important ____________
in the world and occupied one of the most ________ regions in the
world
21. _________ was a trade center & they traded in ivory and possibly
______________.
22. What did Ezana do for the kingdom of Axum and why was this
important?
23. Why did Axum decline?
24. Kush is centered in the region _________ and is in the Northern
___________ Region
25. Who is the founder of Kush and what did he do that was significant?
26. When did Kush reach its climax in power? Why did this not last?
27. Men and women held ___________ jointly in Kush.
28. ___________ became a powerful trade & military center.
29. How did the Kushites use elephants?
30. What was a popular sport in Kush?
31. Explain the decline of Kush.
32. Who were the Black Pharaohs?