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BIOMES: A quick REVIEW Earth’s Biomes: groups of ecosystems with similar climates and similar organisms. Plants included OF COURSE! Why do you think organisms are similar in a specific biome? Wind The uneven heating of the Earth: • drives ocean currents • causes wind and therefore affects Earth’s climate regions. Why is there uneven heating of the Earth? BrainPOP | Latitude and Longitude For example, the U.S. Capitol is located at 38°53'23"N , 77°00'27"W (38 degrees, 53 minutes, and 23 seconds north of the equator and 77 degrees, no minutes and 27 seconds west of the meridian passing through Greenwich, England). BrainPOP | Land Biomes Topical Rain Forests: Warm temperatures that do not vary much Very wet and humid Greater variety of species than any other biome Temperate Rain Forests: Northwestern US, cooler temperatures here Desert: Receives less than 25 cm of rain/year Very dry Hot during the day and cool/cold at night Animals adapted to extreme temperatures What adaptations do these animals have? Grassland: Also called a prairie Receives between 25-75 cm rain/year Populated by grasses and large herbivores (plant eaters) What are some examples of large herbivores? Savanna: Located closer to the equator and receives more rain—up to 120 cm/year. Why would you find larger trees in the Savanna? Deciduous Forest: Trees lose their leaves each year Temperature varies during the year Varity of plants At least 50cm rain/year Why would you have a variety of plants here? Boreal Forest: or Taiga Colder climate than deciduous (very cold winters) Trees with needles and cones Snow in the winter Tundra: Extremely cold, very dry Most of the soil is frozen all year Windy and only low growing plants What adaptations do the animals all have in common? Freshwater: Ponds and lakes (lakes are larger and deeper than ponds) “Standing” Streams and rivers (animals must adapt to current) “Flowing” Marine #1: An estuary is shallow sunlit water where freshwater meets ocean water and is often a breeding grounds for organisms. Why do you think many animals breed here? Marine #2: Intertidal Zone, Neritic Zone, Open Ocean Zone Surface Zone, Deep Zone (all saltwater) Photosynthesis takes place in the Surface Zone or Photic Zone Intertidal Deep Zone Neritic Zone .. Open Ocean Why doesn’t photosynthesis take place in the Deep Zone? Zone gg Surface Zone (Photic Zone) Deep Zone (Aphotic Zone) Benthic Zone (sea floor) Life in Aquatic Systems are in function of : THIS IS IMPORTANT! • • • • • • Chemistry (What type of chemicals are present?) Geography (rocky/sandy bottoms, reefs) Light (A lot or NONE so affects photosynthesis) Depth (changes light content and pressure…) Salinity (Salt affects living creatures big time) Temperature (not too hot or too cold!)