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CRCT Questions Latin America 1. A book about the history of South American during the 1800s would most likely have a chapter in it with which of these titles? A. The Rise of Communism in South America B. Political Independence Movements in South America C. United States Colonies in South America D. The Rise of the Slave Trade in South America 2. Which poses the greatest threat to the environment of Brazil’s Amazonian region? A. B. C. D. Drilling for oil Pollution of rivers Logging in the rain forest Growth of large industries 3. Why do some farmers in Brazil use an agricultural technique called “slash and burn? A. Lumber is needed to build homes. B. Trees need to be cleared to create new farmland. C. Sunlight cannot reach the vegetation on the forest floor. D. The trees must be destroyed to avoid the spread of disease to crops. 4. How have the Andes Mountains most affected the development of South America? A. They have forced most of the population to live on the coast. B. They have made travel and communication easier. C. They have forced the building of canals for transportation. D. They have served as the boundaries for most of its countries. 5. Which statement best describes how the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914 affected transportation? A. It shortened the travel time between New York and London. B. It shortened the travel time between North America’s ocean coasts. C. It created a direct route between Panama and South America. D. It created a new route to ship oil from the Middle East to the Americas. 6. Many countries that were once French colonies still speak French today. Which of the following countries are examples of this? A. B. C. D. Haiti and Canada Mexico and Brazil Cuba and Puerto Rico Venezuela and Argentina 7. Spain colonized many countries in Central America and South America. How is Spain’s influence still seen in these countries today? A. No Native American customs and language have survived. B. The king of Spain is still the head of state of most of these countries. C. Most of the people in these countries are Roman Catholic. D. Most of these countries have a strong democratic tradition. 8. Central America’s climate is mostly tropical. However, some regions of Central America have a temperate climate. Which statement best explains why this is true? A. Frequent volcanic activity B. The flow of the Gulf Stream C. High mountains block winds and moisture D. Frequent cloudy days create the temperate climate in these regions. 9. The mestizo race was created in Mexico, Central America, and South America through the A. Conquest of the Aztecs by the Mayans. B. Migration of ancient peoples from Asia. C. Importation of African slaves to the West Indies. D. Intermarriage of Spanish settlers and native peoples. 10. Which of the following statements about countries located in the Caribbean is not true? A. People who live there speak many different languages. B. They are mostly industrialized nations. C. People who live there come from many different ethnic backgrounds. D. They are mostly agricultural nations. 11. Latin Americans who have both Spanish and Native American ancestors belong to which ethnic group? A. B. C. D. Inuit Aryan Mestizo Portuguese 12. Which religion has had the greatest influence on the culture of Cuba? A. B. C. D. Judaism Hinduism Catholicism Protestantism 13. Which statement best describes how the Aztec and Inca NativeAmerican civilizations altered their physical environment in order to improve their lives? A. They used horses to pull plows and lift water from deep wells. B. They built stonewalls around cities to keep out enemies. C. They terraced hillsides and built floating island for farming. D. They built dams on river to prevent flooding. 14. The Amazon basin in Brazil contains the world’s largest A. B. C. D. Petroleum supply Mountain range Rain forest Inland lake. 15. The pampas region of Argentina is best known for which of these economic activities? A. B. C. D. Manufacturing Raising livestock Fishing Lumbering 16. Most countries of Central America and the Caribbean have been greatly influenced by the A. B. C. D. British French Spanish Portuguese 17. The economics of Central America and the Caribbean region are largely dependent on A. B. C. D. Business Agriculture Manufacturing High technology 19. What factor most affects the climate of Cuba? A. B. C. D. Latitude Elevation Plate tectonics Volcanic activity 20. The pampas are plains of rolling grasslands that are noted for wheat farming and cattle raising. In which nation of South America are the pampas located? A. B. C. D. Peru Chile Colombia Argentina 21. Which country is located closest to the equator? A. B. C. D. Brazil Mexico Argentina United States 22. Where is the Amazon River located? A. B. C. D. Europe Australia North America South America 23. Central America is which kind of landform? A. B. C. D. Cape Isthmus Continent Peninsula 24. On which continent are the Andes Mountains, the longest mountain range in the world, located? A. B. C. D. Asia Europe North America South America 25. Which best explains why European diseases like smallpox had such a devastating effect on Native Americans? A. The climate in the Americas was warmer, so disease spread faster. B. The Native Americans did not have medicine to treat the diseases. C. Native Americans had not developed any resistance to the new diseases from Europe. D. The Aztecs’ land was swampy and bred insects. 26. In the 1500s, to which area in the New World would a conquistador most likely be sent? A. The area now called Canada B. The area now called the Southern colonies C. The area called the Middle Atlantic colonies D. The area now called Central America. 27. In the 1500s, which area in the New World would be led by a government official called a viceroy, who was appointed by the King? A. B. C. D. the area called New England The area now called Canada The area now called Latin America The area called the Southern colonies 28. In the 1500s, the Incan civilization was conquered by Spanish soldiers led by A. B. C. D. Magellan Pizarro Montezuma Da Gama 29. Which statement best describes the history of many Central and South American countries during the 1800s and 1900s? A. Many Central and South American countries were ruled by dictators. B. Few Central or South American countries experienced civil wars or revolution. C. Many Central and South American countries became highly industrialized. D. Few Central or South American countries were able to gain their political independence. 30. What were the three advanced Native American civilizations that developed in Central and South America before European exploration? A. B. C. D. Arawak, Inca, Sioux Sioux, Navajo, Arawak Aztec, Inca, Maya Navajo, Maya, Aztec 31. What was the most important role “conquistadors” played in helping Spain build an empire in the Americas? A. Serving as soldiers B. Protecting the culture of native inhabitants C. Farming the land D. Negotiating treaties with other nations 32. In the 1500s, the Spanish conquered the Aztecs and established settlements in Mexico. What was one result of this? A. The creation of a mestizo culture B. The growth of the Native American population C. The introduction of corn as a major crop D. The spread of the Aztec religion 33. How was a small Spanish army able to conquer the Aztecs? A. The Aztec people were in revolt against their emperor. B. The Aztec people welcomed the Spanish and did not resist. C. Aztec warriors had been weakened in a war against the Incas. D. The Aztecs’ enemies helped the heavily armed Spanish forces. 34. Which of the following characteristics did the Mayan, Aztec, and Incan Native Americans have in common that helped them to develop advanced civilizations? A. They worshipped only one god. B. They had a highly organized government. C. They used horses for transportation. D. They lived peacefully with neighboring tribes. 35. What was the purpose of Columbus’s first voyage to the Caribbean and Central America? A. To find gold and other riches B. To find a shorter route to Asia C. To set up a Spanish empire in the New World D. To bring Christianity to the native inhabitants 36. The Mayan civilization built huge cities and pyramids of stone. The Mayan civilization was located in A. B. C. D. Central America South America The Caribbean islands The southwestern United States 37. Mexico’s form of government today is most similar to which country’s form of government. A. B. C. D. Cuba United States China Great Britain 38. Which Latin-American country is the only one whose language and culture have been greatly influenced by Portugal, because it was the only colony of Portugal in Latin America? A. B. C. D. Brazil Panama Argentina Chile 39. What has made it difficult to develop and maintain a democratic government in Central and South America? A. The countries have been constantly fighting with each other. B. Communism has had more appeal to the people than democracy. C. The Native American population has resisted efforts to modernize. D. Dictators have used military force to suppress democratic movements. 40. After a ten-year struggle, Haiti was the first nation in Latin America to gain independence in1804. How did Haiti win its independence from France? A. In a revolution started by Simon Bolivar B. When the British defected Napoleon at Waterloo C. In a revolt led by the former slave, Tousstaint L’Ouverture D. As part of the treaty at the end of the French and Indian War 41. Which of the following is a commonwealth of the United States? A. B. C. D. Haiti Bahamas Jamaica Puerto Rico 42. What do the people of the Virgin Islands have in common with the people of Puerto Rico? A. They live in a state in the U.S. B. They have all the rights of United States citizens C. They vote in local and national elections if they are 18. D. They are U.S. citizens, but do not have the same rights as other U.S. citizens. 43. Which of the following best describes Mexico’s form of government today? A. B. C. D. Military dictatorship Parliamentary system Constitutional monarchy Representative democracy 44. Which sentence best describes the conditions in the Spanish colonies when they became independent in the early 1800s? A. The colonies had developed some industries which made the economy strong. B. The colonies had little experience with democratic government. C. The land which had been equally distributed among the people mostly went to the rich. D. The Catholic church had lost most of its influence and power. 45. Which country is the only communist nation in the Americas? A. B. C. D. Argentina Canada Cuba Mexico 46. What is the United States foreign policy toward Cuba? A. B. C. D. To carry out a trade embargo To encourage Cubans to return to Cuba To support Cuba’s return to a monarchy To use military force against Cuba 47. What is Puerto Rico’s relationship to the United States? A. B. C. D. State Colony Province commonwealth 48. Fidel Castro is the leader of Cuba. Which best describes the type of leader Castro is? A. B. C. D. Dictator King President Prime minister 49. Which continent contains the world’s largest tropical rain forest? A. B. C. D. South America Australia Asia Africa