Download A Simple and Efficient MAC-Routing Integrated Algorithm for Sensor

A Simple and Efficient MACRouting Integrated Algorithm
for Sensor Network
R. Rugin and G. Mazzini
University of Ferrara, via Saragat 1, 44100 Ferrara,
Italy
ICC 2004
Outline
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Introduction
The Proposed Algorithm
Simulations
Conclusion
Introduction
• Sensor networks
– Battery limitation
• Common problems
– Optimizing the whole network battery life
• Single unit should be very low power consumption
– Messages transmission could be multi-hop
• By using intermediate sensors as relay
Introduction
• GeRaF[5]
– Two radios is used
– When a node has a packet to send, it listens
both the frequencies
• Either is active
– The node goes in back off
• Both are inactive
– The node starts the transmission
• Disadvantages
– It uses two radio channels
The proposed algorithm
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Transmitter
Receiver
Collision Avoidance Scheme
Last Hop
Routing Algorithm
The proposed algorithm
• Assumption
– The nodes
• position are fixed
• coordinates are directly linked to their addresses
• TX: the node which has a packet to transmit
• RX: nodes that are in the condition to work as
relay for TX
• RN: is the selected relay node
• DEST: is always assumed switched on
The proposed algorithm
Probe packet: Address
of Tx and DEST
SelectRelay
message
a
Tx
DEST
Rx
RN
Alive packet: IP and IE
r  l I  E  EMin
IP  1
E
EMax  EMin
m
Rx
b
m
S
r
R
l
D
The proposed algorithm
NSLOT
Slot 1 Slot 2 Slot 3 Slot 4
TX
Slot N
Probe
Sel Rly
RN

RX

Data

Alive
Alive
Transmitting
Listening
sleep
Data
Probe
The proposed algorithm: last hop
Probe Packet: Address
of Tx and DESTT
X
Rx
DEST
Rx
Tx
“dummy”
Data
Probe
Probe
Data
Data
Dummy
Probe
RX
DSET
Rx
Transmitting
Listening
sleep
Simulations
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Simulator is written in C
Network size: 400m*400m
The whole network traffic: T = NTDATA
Data packet: 1000bits
packet: 10bits
Radio’s bit rate: 19200Kbps
With a range: 50m
Nslot: 9
Simulations (N = 50)
Simulations (N = 50)
Simulations (D = 0.1)
Simulations (D = 0.1)
Simulations (D = 0.1)
Conclusion
• We address this paper to present a new
algorithm
– Using a single radio
– And a simple delivery mechanism