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APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
NEBULA
IPv6-based Integrated QoS Testbed
Winston Seah, Dr.Eng.
Programme Director, Internet Technologies
[email protected]
* On 15 Nov '02, the merger of ICR with the Laboratories for Information Technology to form the Institute for Infocomm
Research (I2R) was announced. The legal completion of the merger exercise is scheduled to be completed by 1 Apr 2003.
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Outline
• Objectives of the Testbed
• Major Components
• Module Interactions and Interfaces
• Problems and Lessons
• Summary
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Objectives
• To demonstrate end-to-end / peer-to-peer
connectivity with mobility, quality of
service and security for the future
generation Internet based on IPv6.
• To provide a “living” testbed for integrating
and testing ongoing research results (from
various projects.)
• To address the issues and conflicts arising
from integrating different technologies
developed independently of one another.
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Major Components
• CORE NETWORK – provides QoS based on
the IETF DiffServ architecture
• MOBILITY FRAMEWORK – Advanced Mobile
Application Support Environment (AMASE)
• END SYSTEM PROTOCOL STACK – provides
IPv6 support for Windows-based devices
• IMPROVED TRANSPORT PROTOCOLS –
improves performance of protocols in
mobile and/or wireless environments
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Major Components
CORE NETWORK – A1-Net (All-in-One Network)
• provides QoS based on the IETF DiffServ
architecture.
• Edge routers do packet classification and
DSCP marking while the core routers
forward the packets based on the DSCP
markings.
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Major Components
MOBILITY FRAMEWORK – AMASE (Advanced
Mobile Application Support Environment)
• middleware that enables users to roam
between private and public networks
• hides the complexity of the underlying
access technologies
• automatically process the policies enforced
by network owners to ensure seamless
roaming across networks while on the move
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Major Components
END SYSTEM PROTOCOL STACK – PING (IPng)
• TCP/IPv6 stack for Windows 2000 and
Windows CE* devices.
• Provides both mobility and security (IPSec)
functionalities.
• Passed 85% of interoperability tests at
PlugFest in Cannes, France, 2002; now at
95%.
• Free download of stack available from
http://www.icr.a-star.edu.sg/ipv6/downloads.htm
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Major Components
IMPROVED TRANSPORT PROTOCOLS
• Improves performance of protocols in
mobile and/or wireless environments
• Berkeley SNOOP protocol for improving
TCP performance over wireless links
• Robust Header Compression for optimizing
data transmission over wireless links
• To incorporate signalling compression for
SIP and develop end-to-end RoHC.
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Major Components
KEY FUNCTIONAL ENTITY – Mobility Gateway
Modules
Project
Bidirectional Edge Tunnelling
AMASE
SNOOP
RATTLESNAKE
QoS Manager, Traffic Controller
AMASE
MIPv6 Home Agent
PING, AMASE
DHCPv6
AMASE
Security Manager
AMASE
AAA Server
AMASE
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Module Interactions
• BIDIRECTIONAL EDGE TUNNELLING (BET)
and SNOOP
• AMASE QOS MANAGER and ROUTER QOS
MANAGEMENT
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Module Interactions
BET and SNOOP
• Bidirectional tunnel is placed between the old MG
(Mobile Gateway), where the MN (Mobile Node)
first established its current CoA (Care of
Address), and a new MG to which the MN is
attached
• TCP detects congestion through DupACKs that are
returned to the sender or when the TCP timeout
occurs. SNOOP reduces the number of DupACKs
reaching the sender and performs local retransmissions of lost packets before TCP times out.
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Module Interactions
BET and SNOOP (contd)
• BET monitors all incoming
packets:
IF not tunnelled packet and dest
addr in BET Binding Cache (i.e.
MN has roamed but re-registration
not completed yet) THEN
tunnel copy to nMG and send
original pkt to SNOOP
TCP
UDP
IP LAYER
BET
SNOOP
LINK LAYER
IF tunnelled packet THEN BET
detunnels it and passes it to
SNOOP
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Module Interactions
Router QoS with AMASE QoS Manager
• Core network routers use DiffServ architecture to
provide different levels of forwarding services –
provisioning.
• AMASE QoS Manager uses RSVP as the signalling
protocol to request for QoS – reservation; also
supports DiffServ.
• Interactions between edge router QoS and
AMASE QoS Manager can be either static or
dynamic.
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Module Interactions
Router QoS with AMASE QoS Mgr (contd)
– Static Interaction
• Pre-configured Service Level Agreement (SLA) in
advance before any packets traverse from the
AMASE network to the core network.
• This agreement is done by the administrators of
the two networks. The administrator of the core
network configures the edge routers connected to
the AMASE network manually according to the
SLA.
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Module Interactions
Router QoS with AMASE QoS Mgr (contd)
– Dynamic Communications
• Users from the AMASE network can send QoS
requests to the core network at any time.
• Admission Control Agent in the core network will
handle these requests and decide whether to
accept or reject them based on its policy and the
usage of its network resources.
• Admission Control Agent sits inside the edge
router that connects to the AMASE network and
the core network.
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Module Interactions
Router QoS with AMASE QoS Mgr (contd)
– Dynamic Communications
• A translator
translates the
RSVP messages
into the format
that the admission
control agent could
understand (e.g.
TC in Linux) and
processed by the
core network QoS
management.
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Module Interactions
Router QoS with AMASE QoS Mgr (contd)
– Dynamic Communications
For resource
provisioning in
the core
network
Core network
resources
available
Reservation Message Flow Sequence
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Module Interactions
Router QoS with AMASE QoS Mgr (contd)
– Dynamic Communications
For resource
provisioning in
the core
network
Core network
resources
NOT available
Reservation Message Flow Sequence
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Problems and Lessons
• Lots of work done on individual technologies
that do not work when integrated together.
• Inconsistency between different releases
of Internet Drafts, e.g. IPv6 mobility
support drafts #13, #16, etc.
• Differences between implementations built
on different OS kernels.
• Not new problems, but really experiencing
them are good lessons for deployment.
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah
APAN 2003 Conference in
Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003
Summary
• We have developed a “living” IPv6 testbed
for demonstrating end-to-end / peer-topeer connectivity with mobility, quality of
service and security for the future
generation Internet.
• As technologies become stable, the testbed
can be slowly integrated into the operational
network for use.
• For more information, please see:
http://www.icr.a-star.edu.sg/ipv6/projects.htm
NEBULA
Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved
Winston Seah